A Prospective Tumour Marker for Breast Cancer: YWHAB and Its Role in Promoting Oncogenic Phenotypes.

Background: YWHAB (14-3-3 Beta) was found in the secretome of miR-526b and miR-655 overexpressed breast cancer (BRCA) cell lines. The potential of YWHAB as a therapeutic target or biomarker for BRCA is investigated here.

Methods: After YWHAB was knocked down with siRNA, BRCA cell lines were used for in vitro assays (proliferation, migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition).

Breast cancer cell secretome analysis to decipher miRNA regulating the tumor microenvironment and discover potential biomarkers.

MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) 526 b- and miR655-overexpressed tumor cell-free secretions regulate the breast cancer tumor microenvironment (TME) by promoting tumor-associated angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and hypoxic responses. Additionally, premature miRNA (pri-miR526b and pri-miR655) are established breast cancer blood biomarkers. However, the mechanisms of how these miRNAs regulate the TME has yet to be investigated.

Transcriptome Alterations of an -Selected, Moderately Resistant, Two-Row Malting Barley in Response to 3ADON, 15ADON, and NIV Chemotypes of .

Fusarium head blight caused by is a devastating disease of malting barley. Mycotoxins associated with contaminated grain can be transferred from malt to beer and pose a health risk to consumers. In western Canada, has undergone an adaptive shift from 15ADON constituency to dominance by virulent 3ADON-producers; likewise, NIV-producers have established in regions of southern United States.

Pri-miR526b and Pri-miR655 Are Potential Blood Biomarkers for Breast Cancer.

We reported that two microRNAs, miR526b and miR655, are oncogenic in breast cancer (BC). Overexpression of these two miRNAs in poorly metastatic BC cells promotes aggressive BC phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. High expression of each miRNA was associated with poor patient survival.

Chemically Induced Hypoxia Enhances miRNA Functions in Breast Cancer.

In aggressively growing tumors, hypoxia induces HIF-1α expression promoting angiogenesis. Previously, we have shown that overexpression of oncogenic microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) miR526b/miR655 in poorly metastatic breast cancer cell lines promotes aggressive cancer phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, miR526b/miR655 expression is significantly higher in human breast tumors, and high miR526b/miR655 expression is associated with poor prognosis.

miR526b and miR655 Induce Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer.

In eukaryotes, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress, which contributes to chronic inflammation and cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenously produced RNAs that play a major role in cancer progression. We established that overexpression of miR526b/miR655 promotes aggressive breast cancer phenotypes.

Mir526b and Mir655 Promote Tumour Associated Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Breast Cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenously produced RNAs, which regulate growth and development, and oncogenic miRNA regulate tumor growth and metastasis. Tumour-associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are processes involving the release of growth factors from tumour cells into the microenvioronemnt to communicate with endothelial cells to induce vascular propagation. Here, we examined the roles of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 induced miR526b and miR655 in tumour-associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.

Prostaglandin E2 promotes embryonic vascular development and maturation in zebrafish.

Prostaglandin (PG)-E2 is essential for growth and development of vertebrates. PGE2 binds to G-coupled receptors to regulate embryonic stem cell differentiation and maintains tissue homeostasis. Overproduction of PGE2 by breast tumor cells promotes aggressive breast cancer phenotypes and tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis.

Search for missing schizophrenia genes will require a new developmental neurogenomic perspective.

Even the most powerful experimental designs in search of genetic causes of schizophrenia have not met the desired goal. It is imperative to review the reasons for such an outcome and to formulate novel strategies for the future direction of this research in the new era of individual genomes. Here, we will review aspects of neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia in the light of novel genomic and epigenomic insights.

A novel deletion cluster at 13q14.2-q21.33 in an 80-year man with late onset leukemia: Clinical and molecular findings.

Unlabelled: Chromosomal deletions are among the most common genetic events observed in hematologic malignancies; loss of genetic material is regarded as a hallmark of putative tumor suppressor gene localization. We have identified an unusual cluster of deletions at 13q14.2-13q21.

Genomic correlates of variability in immune response to an oral cholera vaccine.

Cholera is endemic to many countries. Recent major outbreaks of cholera have prompted World Health Organization to recommend oral cholera vaccination as a public-health strategy. Variation in percentage of seroconversion upon cholera vaccination has been recorded across populations.

Ontogenetic de novo copy number variations (CNVs) as a source of genetic individuality: studies on two families with MZD twins for schizophrenia.

Genetic individuality is the foundation of personalized medicine, yet its determinants are currently poorly understood. One issue is the difference between monozygotic twins that are assumed identical and have been extensively used in genetic studies for decades. Here, we report genome-wide alterations in two nuclear families each with a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia evaluated by the Affymetrix 6.

Genetic determinants of immune-response to a polysaccharide vaccine for typhoid.

Unlabelled: Differences in immunological response among vaccine recipients are determined both by their genetic differences and environmental factors. Knowledge of genetic determinants of immunological response to a vaccine can be used to design a vaccine that circumvents immunogenetic restrictions. The currently available vaccine for typhoid is a pure polysaccharide vaccine, immune response to which is T-cell independent.