Pullulan nanoparticles inhibit the pathogenicity of by regulating hypha-related gene expression.

Unlabelled: is a prevalent opportunistic pathogenic fungus that resides in the skin and gastrointestinal (GI) tract of humans. Under specific conditions, cells transition from a commensal to a pathogenic state, leading to both superficial and invasive infections. Although systemic candidiasis poses a life-threatening risk, a limited number of antifungal drugs are employed for its treatment.

Performance of indicators used in regular risk assessments for COVID-19 in association with contextual factors.

Background: This study aimed to summarize the results of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk assessments and to examine the associations between risk levels and various indicators, including COVID-19 incidence, risk perception, community mobility, and government policy.

Methods: The results of the risk assessment and the indicators utilized were summarized. From November 2021 to May 2022, the COVID-19 risk level was evaluated on a weekly basis, and its correlation with these indicators was analyzed.

ARV1 deficiency induces lipid bilayer stress and enhances rDNA stability by activating the unfolded protein response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The stability of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is maintained through transcriptional silencing by the NAD-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Alongside proteostasis, rDNA stability is a crucial factor regulating the replicative lifespan of S. cerevisiae.

Evaluation of Extra-Prostatic Extension on Deep Learning-Reconstructed High-Resolution Thin-Slice T2-Weighted Images in Patients with Prostate Cancer.

The aim of this study was to compare diagnostic performance for extra-prostatic extension (EPE) and image quality among three image datasets: conventional T2-weighted images (T2WI, slice thickness, 3 mm) and high-resolution thin-slice T2WI (T2WI, 2 mm), with and without deep learning reconstruction (DLR) in patients with prostatic cancer (PCa). A total of 88 consecutive patients (28 EPE-positive and 60 negative) diagnosed with PCa via radical prostatectomy who had undergone 3T-MRI were included. Two independent reviewers performed a crossover review in three sessions, in which each reviewer recorded five-point confidence scores for the presence of EPE and image quality using a five-point Likert scale.

Study on the Nanopore Deformation Mechanisms in Shale Oil Reservoir: Insights from the Molecular Simulation.

The stress and adsorption motivation deformation during shale oil production directly affect its development dynamics. First, a mathematical simulation of pore deformation in shale oil under stress motivation is established. We analyzed the impact of factors including the reservoir pressure, Biot coefficient, bulk modulus, and tortuosity on the deformation characteristics of nanopores.

Deep Learning Algorithm for Tumor Segmentation and Discrimination of Clinically Significant Cancer in Patients with Prostate Cancer.

Background: We investigated the feasibility of a deep learning algorithm (DLA) based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for the segmentation and discrimination of clinically significant cancer (CSC, Gleason score ≥ 7) from non-CSC in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Data from a total of 149 consecutive patients who had undergone 3T-MRI and been pathologically diagnosed with PCa were initially collected. The labelled data (148 images for GS6, 580 images for GS7) were applied for tumor segmentation using a convolutional neural network (CNN).

Medicarpin and Homopterocarpin Isolated from as Potent and Competitive Reversible Inhibitors of Human Monoamine Oxidase-B.

Thirteen compounds were isolated from the pods and their inhibitory activities against human monoamine oxidase-A (hMAO-A) and -B (hMAO-B) were evaluated. Among them, compounds (medicarpin) and (homopterocarpin) showed potent inhibitory activity against hMAO-B (IC = 0.45 and 0.

Probe-Free Identification of RNA Virus Variants with Point Mutations by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

As observed in the COVID-19 pandemic, RNA viruses continue to rapidly evolve through mutations. In the absence of effective therapeutics, early detection of new severely pathogenic viruses and quarantine of infected people are critical for reducing the spread of the viral infections. However, conventional detection methods require a substantial amount of time to develop probes specific to new viruses, thereby impeding immediate response to the emergence of viral pathogens.

Comparing the clinical application of strain elastography and shear wave elastography for the evaluation of lateral epicondylitis.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of gray-scale ultrasound (GSU), strain elastography (SE), and shear wave elastography (SWE) for lateral epicondylitis (LE).

Methods: From November 2018 to March 2021, 87 common extensor tendons (CETs) of 70 patients were evaluated using elbow ultrasound. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with LE and those without lateral elbow pain.

Expression level of Sec62 modulates membrane insertion of marginally hydrophobic segments.

In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, transmembrane (TM) domain insertion occurs through the Sec61 channel with its auxiliary components, including Sec62. Sec62 interacts with the Sec61 channel and is located on the front side of the Sec61 lateral gate, an entry site for TM domains to the lipid bilayer. Overexpression of Sec62 led to a growth defect in yeast, and we investigated its effects on protein translocation and membrane insertion by pulse labeling of Sec62 client proteins.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cajanin, an Isoflavonoid Derivative Isolated from Pods.

The bioactive components of (Thunb.) DC pods were investigated using bioactivity-guided isolation, and the chemical structures of flavonoids -, isoflavonoid derivatives -, and phenolic compounds and were identified by comparing NMR, MS, and CD spectral data with previously reported spectroscopic data. Compounds - were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated RAW264.

Counting DNA molecules on a microchannel surface for quantitative analysis.

Microscopic visualization of DNA molecules is a simple, intuitive, and powerful method. Nonetheless, DNA-molecule quantification methods that employ microscopic visualization have not been reported so far. In this study, a new quantitative approach is presented that enables the counting of individual DNA molecules that have been rendered visible by fluorescence microscopy.

SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Breakthrough Infection and Onward Secondary Transmission in Household.

Background: Despite the extraordinary speed of mass vaccination efforts, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) delta variant in a vaccinee with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine was identified in an adult day service center (ADSC) of Jeju, South Korea. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic features in infection-vulnerable facilities with a high vaccination rate of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The second was to estimate the secondary transmission prevention effect of the vaccine in the household members by vaccination status.

Increased representation of the non-dominant hand in pianists demonstrated by measurement of 3D morphology of the central sulcus.

Background: Post-mortem and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the central sulcus, as an indicator of motor cortex, have shown that in the general population there is greater representation of the dominant compared to the non-dominant hand. Studies of musicians, who are highly skilled in performing complex finger movements, have suggested this dominance is affected by musical training, but methods and findings have been mixed.

Objective: In the present study, an automated image analysis pipeline using a 3D mesh approach was applied to measure central sulcus (CS) asymmetry on MR images obtained for a cohort of right-handed pianists and matched controls.

Loss of Smi1, a protein involved in cell wall synthesis, extends replicative life span by enhancing rDNA stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, replicative life span (RLS) is primarily affected by the stability of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The stability of the highly repetitive rDNA array is maintained through transcriptional silencing by the NAD-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2. Recently, the loss of Smi1, a protein of unknown molecular function that has been proposed to be involved in cell wall synthesis, has been demonstrated to extend RLS in S.

Trust in information, political identity and the brain: an interdisciplinary fMRI study.

Misinformation has triggered government inquiries and threatens the perceived legitimacy of campaign processes and electoral outcomes. A new identity polarization has arisen between Remain and Leave sympathizers in the UK Brexit debate, with associated accusations of misinformation use. Competing psychological accounts of how people come to accept and defend misinformation pit self-reinforcing motivated cognition against lack of systematic reasoning as possible explanations.

Loss of Smi1, a protein involved in cell wall synthesis, extends replicative lifespan by enhancing rDNA stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, replicative lifespan (RLS) is primarily affected by the stability of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The stability of the highly repetitive rDNA array is maintained through transcriptional silencing by the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase Sir2. Recently, the loss of Smi1, a protein of unknown molecular function that has been proposed to be involved in cell wall synthesis, has been demonstrated to extend RLS in S.

Low relative muscle volume: Correlation with prevalence of venous thromboembolism following total knee arthroplasty.

Background: There have been many efforts to find modifiable risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), while no study has investigated the relationship between the muscle mass and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism frequency following TKA. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between muscle volume and the prevalence of symptomatic and radiologically confirmed venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: A total of 261 consecutive patients who underwent primary TKA between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled.

Mitochondrial dysfunction reduces yeast replicative lifespan by elevating RAS-dependent ROS production by the ER-localized NADPH oxidase Yno1.

Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which is associated with cellular dysfunction, disease etiology, and senescence. Here, we used the eukaryotic model Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly studied for cellular aging, to demonstrate how defective mitochondrial function affects yeast replicative lifespan (RLS). We show that RLS of respiratory-deficient cells decreases significantly, indicating that the maintenance of RLS requires active respiration.

Food Elimination Diet and Nutritional Deficiency in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Certain types of foods are common trigger for bowel symptoms such as abdominal discomfort or pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). But indiscriminate food exclusions from their diet can lead extensive nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional status, food restriction and nutrient intake status in IBD patients.

Factors associated with health-related quality of life in Korean older workers.

Objectives: The prevalence of aged individuals in the Korean workforce continues to increase. This research determined the health and working conditions of Korean older wage workers and confirmed the effects of factors on the health-related quality of life of Korean older workers.

Methods: Of the 25,534 persons surveyed in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1368 older (>55 years of age) wage workers without missing variables were selected.

Radiation resistance and injury in starved Escherichia coli O157:H7 treated with electron-beam irradiation in 0.85% saline and in apple juice.

This study evaluated the influence of starvation on the radiation resistance and injury in Escherichia coli O157:H7, following electron beam irradiation in 0.85% (wt/vol) saline and in apple juice. Washed exponential-phase cells of E.

Effects of health and safety problem recognition on small business facility investment.

Objectives: This study involved a survey of the facility investment experiences, which was designed to recognize the importance of health and safety problems, and industrial accident prevention. Ultimately, we hope that small scale industries will create effective industrial accident prevention programs and facility investments.

Methods: An individual survey of businesses' present physical conditions, recognition of the importance of the health and safety problems, and facility investment experiences for preventing industrial accidents was conducted.

Vitamin D status and associated occupational factors in Korean wage workers: data from the 5th Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES 2010-2012).

Objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is increasing worldwide. However, few studies have attempted to examine the vitamin D status of wage workers and the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and working conditions. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the association between occupational conditions and vitamin D deficiency among Korean wage workers.