Classification of species found in various foods using an LC-QTOF/MS-based metabolomics approach.

In Korea, is commonly known as Danggui. However, two other species on the market, and , are also commonly called Danggui. Since the three species have different biologically active components, thus, different pharmacological activities, clear discrimination between them is needed to prevent their misuse.

Claustral MeCP2 Regulates Methamphetamine-induced Conditioned Place Preference in Cynomolgus Monkey.

The claustrum, a brain nucleus located between the cortex and the striatum, has recently been highlighted in drug-related reward processing. Methyl CpG-binding protein-2 (MeCP2) is a transcriptional regulator that represses or activates the expression of the target gene and has been known to have an important role in the regulation of drug addiction in the dopaminergic reward system. The claustrum is an important region for regulating reward processing where most neurons receive dopamine input; additionally, in this region, MeCP2 is also abundantly expressed.

Reproduction Factor Based Latent Epidemic Model Inference: A Data-Driven Approach Using COVID-19 Datasets.

The mathematical modeling of infectious diseases aims to evaluate the transmissibility of the on-going spread of disease and guide the government's control strategies and interventions. In this paper, we propose a novel transmissibility indicator, reproduction factor, which evaluates the number of secondary infections from a single nonisolated infectious individual. In contrast to classic reproduction numbers, the reproduction factor explicitly considers the fraction of susceptible individuals (who are not immune to disease naturally or through vaccination) and the nonisolated population to evaluate near real-time transmissibility.

SYNCRIP controls miR-137 and striatal learning in animal models of methamphetamine abstinence.

Abstinence from prolonged psychostimulant use prompts stimulant withdrawal syndrome. Molecular adaptations within the dorsal striatum have been considered the main hallmark of stimulant abstinence. Here we explored striatal miRNA-target interaction and its impact on circulating miRNA marker as well as behavioral dysfunctions in methamphetamine (MA) abstinence.

Discrimination of three herbs using LC-QTOF/MS combined with multivariate analysis.

, a popular medicinal herb in Korea, is locally called Danggui; this name is similarly used for and , which are also sold in the retail market. These three herbs have differing therapeutic effects and should be used according to their prescribed purposes. In some retail markets, though, all three herbs are known by the same common name rather than a scientific name and can therefore be confused with each other.

Discovery of 4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives as senescence inducers and their senescence-associated antiproliferative activities on cancer cells using advanced phenotypic assay.

Current research suggests therapy-induced senescence (TIS) of cancer cells characterized by distinct morphological and biochemical phenotypic changes represent a novel functional target that may enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapy. In order to identify novel small-molecule inducers of cellular senescence and determine the potential to be used for the treatment of melanoma, a new method of high-throughput screening (HTS) and high-contents screening (HCS) based on the detection of morphological changes was designed. This image-based and whole cell-based technology was applied to screen and select a novel class of antiproliferative agents on cancer cells, 4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives, which induced senescence-like phenotypic changes in human melanoma A375 cells without serious cytotoxicity against normal cells.

Designing a mandibular advancement device with topology optimization for a partially edentulous patient.

Statement Of Problem: Patients with partial tooth loss treated with implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs) have difficulty using conventional mandibular advancement devices (MADs) because of the risk of side effects. Also, which design factors affect biomechanical stability when designing MADs with better stability is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this finite element (FE) analysis study was to analyze the effect of the MAD design on biomechanical behavior and to propose a new design process for improving the stability of MADs.

Supersensitive Detection of the Norovirus Immunoplasmon by 3D Total Internal Reflection Scattering Defocus Microscopy with Wavelength-Dependent Transmission Grating.

Norovirus (NoV) is a major foodborne pathogen, and even low levels of virus can cause infection and gastroenteritis. We developed a supersensitive NoV sensor that detects NoV group-I capsid protein (NoVP) via three-dimensional (3D) total internal reflection scattering defocus microscopy (TIRSDM) with wavelength-dependent transmission grating (TG). The combination of evanescent wave scattering and TG significantly enhanced the detection sensitivity and selectivity of NoVP in first-order spectral images ( = +1) by minimizing spectroscopic interference and background noise.

Comparison of Physicochemical Characteristics of Garlic Produced from South Korea and China.

Garlic is widely cultivated and frequently used as a spice in South Korea, due to its characteristic flavor. It is rich in sulfur-containing compounds (for example, allicin) and nonsulfur elements (for example, phosphorus and potassium). During the last few years, the cultivation area of garlic in South Korea has gradually decreased, one of the reasons being the increase in low-priced imported garlic from China.

The Effect of Fibronectin-Immobilized Microgrooved Titanium Substrata on Cell Proliferation and Expression of Genes and Proteins in Human Gingival Fibroblasts.

Background: We aimed to determine the effect of fibronectin (FN)-immobilized microgrooved titanium (Ti) on human gingival fibroblast proliferation, gene expression and protein expression.

Methods: Photolithography was used to fabricate the microgrooved Ti, and amine funtionalization (silanization) was used for FN immobilization on titanium surfaces. Cell proliferation, gene expression and protein expression were analyzed, followed by multiple regression analysis for determining the influential factors on cell proliferation.

Biomechanical effect of mandibular advancement device with different protrusion positions for treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea on tooth and facial bone: A finite element study.

Background: The mandibular advancement device (MAD) is widely used for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) treatment, and several studies have demonstrated its effectiveness. However, no comprehensive studies have yet examined the biomechanical safety of the MAD.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyse the biomechanical effect of different protrusion positions of a MAD on the teeth and facial bones.

Effects of moderate intensity static magnetic fields on osteoclastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow cells.

Although we recently demonstrated that static magnetic fields (SMFs) of 3, 15, and 50 mT stimulate osteoblastic differentiation, the effects of SMFs on osteoclastogenesis are still poorly understood. This study focused on the suppressive effects of SMFs on receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Direct SMFs inhibit RANKL-induced multinucleated osteoclast formation, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, and bone resorption in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage cells.

Analysis of dimensions and shapes of maxillary and mandibular dental arch in Korean young adults.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate dental arch dimensions and to classify arch shape in Korean young adults.

Materials And Methods: The sample included 50 Koreans with age ranging from 24 to 32 years. Maxillary and mandibular casts were fabricated using irreversible hydrocolloid and type III dental stones.

Static magnetic fields promote osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation in osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and periodontal ligament cells.

Purpose: Although static magnetic fields (SMFs) have been used in dental prostheses and osseointegrated implants, their biological effects on osteoblastic and cementoblastic differentiation in cells involved in periodontal regeneration remain unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of SMFs (15 mT) on the osteoblastic and cementoblastic differentiation of human osteoblasts, periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), and cementoblasts, and to explore the possible mechanisms underlying these effects.

Methods: Differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodule formation based on Alizarin red staining, calcium content, and the expression of marker mRNAs assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Analysis of crown size and morphology, and gingival shape in the maxillary anterior dentition in Korean young adults.

Purpose: The aim of this investigation was to analyze the dimensions of clinical crowns and to classify the crown and the gingival type in the anterior teeth in Korean young adults.

Materials And Methods: Casts were obtained from 50 subjects ranging in age from 24 to 32. Measurements of length and width were made on the casts using a pair of digital calipers on the entire dentition.

Reliability of a CAD/CAM Surgical Guide for Implant Placement: An In Vitro Comparison of Surgeons' Experience Levels and Implant Sites.

Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated the reliability of a surgical guide with regard to different levels of operator surgical experience and implant site.

Materials And Methods: A stereolithographic surgical guide for epoxy resin mandibles with three edentulous molar sites was produced using a computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) system. Two surgeons with and two surgeons without implant surgery experience placed implants in a model either using or not using the CAD/CAM surgical guide.

Enhanced detection sensitivity of carcinoembryonic antigen on a plasmonic nanoimmunosensor by transmission grating-based total internal reflection scattering microscopy.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein associated with colorectal carcinomas and is commonly used as a clinical tumor marker. Enhanced detection sensitivity for the assay of CEA molecules was achieved on a plasmonic nanoimmunosensor by wavelength-dependent transmission grating (TG)-based total internal reflection scattering microscopy (TIRSM). The plasmonic nanoparticles were placed in an evanescent field layer on a glass nanoimmunosensor that produced evanescent wave scattering by the total internal reflection of light from two lasers.

Ultrasensitive Detection of α-Fetoprotein by Total Internal Reflection Scattering-Based Super-Resolution Microscopy for Superlocalization of Nano-Immunoplasmonics.

Superlocalization of immunoplasmonic nanotags on antibody-bound gold-nanoislands (GNIs) along the x and y coordinates was determined using total internal reflection scattering-based super-resolution microscopy (TIRS-SRM) at subdiffraction limit resolution. Individual immunoplasmonic nanotags (20 nm silver nanoparticles) and 100 nm GNIs were selectively acquired in the evanescent field layer by wavelength-dependent plasmonic scattering using two illumination lasers (405 and 635 nm, respectively). α-Fetoprotein (AFP), a liver cancer-related model protein, was immobilized as a target molecule on the GNI arrays.

Co-Cr dental alloys induces cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses via activation of Nrf2/antioxidant signaling pathways in human gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts.

Objective: Although cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) dental alloys are routinely used in prosthodontics, the biocompatibility of Co-Cr alloys is controversial. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of Co-Cr alloys on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and osteoblasts in an in vitro model as well as their potential molecular mechanisms, focusing on NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways.

Methods: Cells were directly seeded on prepared Co-Cr alloy discs (15.

Primary implant stability in a bone model simulating clinical situations for the posterior maxilla: an in vitro study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of anatomical conditions on primary stability in the models simulating posterior maxilla.

Methods: Polyurethane blocks were designed to simulate monocortical (M) and bicortical (B) conditions. Each condition had four subgroups measuring 3 mm (M3, B3), 5 mm (M5, B5), 8 mm (M8, B8), and 12 mm (M12, B12) in residual bone height (RBH).