Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a complex pathogenesis thought to include both genetic and extrinsic factors. Among the latter, inflammation of the developing brain has recently gained growing attention. However, how genetic predisposition and inflammation might converge to precipitate autistic behavior remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInteract J Med Res
October 2024
Background: The Delta variant (B.1.617.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA systematic approach and methodology for financial appraisal of the Scheffler dish solar cooker has been presented in this study. An approach is applied to meet the useful cooking energy demand at a location with a high availability of DNI by a Scheffler type of 16 m area and the effective aperture area of 11.65 m, weight of 400 kg, an efficiency of 40% with 980 (kg/year/ m) steam output at 120 °C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
May 2024
The outer membrane (OM) of didermic gram-negative bacteria is essential for growth, maintenance of cellular integrity, and innate resistance to many antimicrobials. Its asymmetric lipid distribution, with phospholipids in the inner leaflet and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet, is required for these functions. Lpt proteins form a transenvelope bridge that transports newly synthesized LPS from the inner membrane (IM) to OM, but how the bulk of phospholipids are transported between these membranes is poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Pathol Microbiol
October 2024
A novel endophytic Streptomyces griseorubens CIBA-NS1 was isolated from a salt marsh plant Salicornia sp. The antagonistic effect of S. griseorubens against Vibrio campbellii, was studied both in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAndrographolide is a natural diterpene lactone with multiple biological effects. In the present study, a total of 11 andrographolide-loaded emulgels (ANG 1- ANG 11) were prepared by emulsification and solvent evaporation method using flaxseed oil and xanthan gum in different ratios, as suggested by the Design-Expert software. A 2-factor-5-level design was employed with different responses including spreadability, extrudability, viscosity, and drug release after 1 h (h) and 24 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPresence of measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is considered to be an independent predictor of relapse and poorer survival outcomes. MRD can be measured by flow cytometric, quantitative PCR, and NGS-based assays at varying sensitivities. There is scant Indian data on different aspects of MFC-MRD in AML including analysis strategies as well as molecular spectrum, clinical correlation, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe three dimensional structure of a protein is very important for its structure. Studies relating to protein structure have been numerous and the effect of denaturants on proteins can help understand the process of protein folding and misfolding. Detergents are important denaturants and play important roles in various fields.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Compared to conventional microscopy, the cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF, Cepheid, USA) has the dual advantage of higher sensitivity to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), and the ability to detect rifampicin resistance.
Aim: To evaluate the impact of the CBNAAT on the detection of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from private and public healthcare facilities in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
Indian J Med Microbiol
November 2023
We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the burden of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in patients with pleural effusion in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, during February 2016, to December 2022, using cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF). Of the 1370 pleural fluid samples tested at the National Reference Laboratory for tuberculosis, 3.8% (52/1370) were positive for M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel series of pyrazole-oxindole conjugates were prepared and characterized as potential cytotoxic agents by FT-IR, NMR and HR-MS. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds was tested in the Jurkat acute T cell leukemia, CEM acute lymphoblastic leukemia, MCF10 A mammary epithelial and MDA-MB 231 triple negative breast cancer cell lines. Among the tested conjugates, 5-methyl-3-((3-(1-phenyl)-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)indolin-2-one 6h emerged as the most cytotoxic with a CC of 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContact (Thousand Oaks)
July 2023
In eukaryotic cells, nonvesicular lipid transport between organelles is mediated by lipid-transfer proteins. Recently, a new class of these lipid transporters has been described to facilitate the bulk of inter-organelle lipid transport at contact sites by forming bridge-like structures with a hydrophobic groove through which lipids travel. Because their predicted structure is composed of repeating β-groove (RBG) domains, they have been named the RBG protein superfamily.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite several treatment options for blood cancer, mortality remains high due to relapse and the disease's aggressive nature. Elevated levels of HSP90, a molecular chaperone essential for protein folding, are associated with poor prognosis in leukemia and lymphoma. HSP90 as a target for chemotherapy has been met with limited success due to toxicity and induction of heat shock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
February 2023
Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a global pandemic has resulted in the loss of many lives and a significant decline in global economic losses. Thus, for a large country like India, there is a need to comprehend the dynamics of COVID-19 in a clustered way.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 according to age, gender, and preexisting comorbidity.
Most bacteria have a peptidoglycan cell wall that determines their cell shape and helps them resist osmotic lysis. Peptidoglycan synthesis depends on the translocation of the lipid-linked precursor lipid II across the cytoplasmic membrane by the MurJ flippase. Structure-function analyses of MurJ from Thermosipho africanus (MurJ) and Escherichia coli (MurJ) have revealed that MurJ adopts multiple conformations and utilizes an alternating-access mechanism to flip lipid II.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular direct heteroarylation of oxazole tethered β-naphthols to access corresponding tetracyclic 4H-benzo[5,6]chromeno[3,4-d]oxazoles. Various functional groups are well tolerated and furnished the desired products in good to excellent yields under the present reaction conditions. The scale-up reaction and synthetic utility of the resulting molecules have been demonstrated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) played a crucial role in streamlining testing and diagnosis, formulating guidelines, and devising management strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, ICMR designed and developed a comprehensive data management tool for collecting testing data in a standardized format from all laboratories across the country. The current report is a retrospective analysis of the testing data generated by the ICMR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging evidence suggests a detrimental impact of COVID-19 illness on the continued hippocampal neurogenesis in adults. In contrast, the existing literature supports an enhancing effect of COVID-19 vaccination on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Vaccines against respiratory infections, including influenza, have been shown to enhance hippocampal neurogenesis in adult-age animals.
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