Behavioral and Psychosocial Risk Factors that Lead Individuals to Initiate and/or Maintain Betel Quid Chewing in Developed and Developing Countries: A Systematic Review.

Background: Betel quid (BQ) is the fourth most commonly used psychoactive substance and its use is highly prevalent among southeast Asian countries due to the influence of psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental factors. As a result, even young children and women are becoming addicted and find it difficult to achieve long-term abstinence. Systematic research addressing the influence of behavioral and psychosocial factors on BQ chewing is scarce, hence pointing to the need for understanding the interplay of these factors to develop tailored intervention strategies for BQ cessation.

Role of Toothbrushes as Gene Expression Profiling Tool for Oral Cancer Screening in Tobacco and Alcohol Users.

Aim: The use of toothbrushes was investigated as a potential RNA source and gene expression profiling tool for oral cancer screening in tobacco and alcohol users.

Methodology: A total of 20 subjects were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups: group I-healthy controls ( = 6); group II-individuals who consume tobacco and alcohol ( = 14).

Is Palatal Rugae Pattern a Reliable Tool for Personal Identification following Orthodontic Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: To qualitatively and quantitatively review the reliability of palatal rugae as a tool for personal identification following orthodontic treatment.

Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective studies assessing the accuracy of matching palatal rugae pattern pre- and post-orthodontic treatment were identified from PubMed and SCOPUS databases. The title and abstract of the articles identified in the search were screened for potential duplicates and relevancy to the topic of interest.

Toothbrushes as a Source of DNA for Gender and Human Identification-A Systematic Review.

Background: Few studies have reported the use of toothbrushes as a reliable source of DNA for human or gender identification. The present systematic review with the available information was conducted to answer the focus question "Is a toothbrush a reliable source of DNA for human or gender identification?".

Methods: The keyword combination "Toothbrush" and "DNA" was used to search databases including MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science along with a manual search of reference lists of relevant articles.

Necrotizing periodontal diseases in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: A review.

Human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients have depleted CD4 lymphocyte counts and are susceptible to a plethora of infections of bacterial, viral, and fungal etiology. In addition to a wide range of systemic manifestations, human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients also display several characteristic oral manifestations. Studies have shown a correlation between some of the oral manifestations and CD4 lymphocyte counts which in turn is an independent prognostic indicator.

Comparison of antiplaque effectiveness of herbal toothpaste: A randomized triple-blinded cross-over clinical trial.

Background: Cleansing the teeth with a toothbrush and paste is an indubitable mechanical plaque control method practiced by almost everyone. Eliminating dental plaque is an essential, fundamental and mandatory step to prevent the occurrence of periodontal diseases that are rife globally. The aim of the present study is to compare the antiplaque effectiveness of a prepared herbal and commercially available dentifrice.

Reviewing the oral carcinogenic potential of E-cigarettes using the Bradford Hill criteria of causation.

The past decade has seen a surge in the use of e-cigarettes, which has prompted the medical community to assess any associated potential health hazards. A major concern was the risk of cancer. Chemical analysis of e-cigarettes has shown the presence of volatile organic compounds with the potential for carcinogenicity.

Knowledge and attitude toward use of internet in smartphones for dental education.

Introduction: Internet has become ubiquitous with the advent of smartphones. The dental fraternity keeps themselves updated and share knowledge through webinars, video conferences, research publications, etc. Hence, the internet serves as an imperative tool for dissemination of information.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of senior dental students toward management of complications in exodontia.

Introduction: Dental graduates have a professional responsibility of being competent in managing the complications in exodontia, a very commonly performed procedure.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of senior dental students toward the management of complications in exodontia.

Materials And Methods: Four hundred dental students participated in the study voluntarily.

Congenital insensitivity to pain in a 1-year-old boy.

Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition which causes reduced pain sensation, thermal sensation, and habit of self-mutilation. It is a life-threatening condition where due to reduced pain sensation, patient might not understand the severity of the injury which can eventually lead to death. Such people live a compromised life and can also affect them psychologically.

Potential Use of Hematoxylin-curcumin as Natural Bio-stains for Tissue Sections.

Most bio-stains used in histopathology are synthetic thus pose potential health hazards, especially on long-term exposure. Thus, natural bio-stains which are eco-friendly and biodegradable are the need of the hour. The present manuscript explores the use of curcumin as a potential natural bio-stain for tissue sections.

Self-medication with antibiotics: A knowledge, attitude, and practice appraisal of 610 dental patients in Chennai, India, from 2016 to 2017.

Introduction: Antibiotics are considered the most commonly sold drugs in developing countries. In India, these drugs are very much accessible without a prescription. This irrational and misuse of antibiotics results not only in the emergence of resistance of bacterial strains but also leads to adverse reactions.

Laser Capture Microdissection in Oral Cancer.

Oral cancer is one of the most significant public health concerns in the world. The past decades have witnessed the trend of molecular profiling for diagnostic and prognostic implications.

Three-dimensional Printing in Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing involves the process of constructing a 3D solid object from a digital file. Charles Hull was the first to introduce 3D printer in 1983 by using the technique of stereolithography. Since the 1990s 3D printing has gained attention in the field of medicine where more precision is required and has largely replaced the traditional technique in prosthetic works.

Ephebodontics: A Little-known Branch of Dentistry.

Adolescence is an age group defined from the onset of puberty to establishment of social independence. Chronologically it is defined as the age of 10 to 18 years but social and behavioral situations may dictate vari-ability. Ephebodontics is the term coined for adolescent dentistry in the April 1969 issue of Dental Clinics of North America.

A Large Pregnancy Tumor of Tongue - A Case Report.

Pyogenic granuloma is a tissue overgrowth which commonly develops as a response to irritation or trauma which is usually localized. Though gingiva is said to be the common site, it also can occur on lip, tongue and buccal mucosa. Pathogenesis is unclear but trauma, infection and hormonal imbalance are attributed as reasons for occurrence.

Ambras syndrome: A rare case report.

Congenital generalized hypertrichosis associated with gingival hyperplasia are rare cases published in literature. The frequency incidence of generalized congenital hypertrichosis is about one to billions of people. Hypertrichosis and gingival hyperplasia are termed as Ambras syndrome (AS), which can be noticed at birth or soon after.

Morphometric evaluation of the frontal sinus in relation to age and gender in subjects residing in Davangere, Karnataka.

Objective: The main objective of the study was morphometric evaluation of the frontal sinus in relation to age and gender and to establish its forensic importance and application.

Materials And Method: The study group consisted of 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) in the age groups 14-20 years, 21-30 years, 31-45 years, 45 years and above. Posteroanterior (PA) cephalogram radiographs were taken using standardized technique.

Aloe vera in dentistry.

Aloe vera is a medicinal plant which has been used for thousands of years. The health benefits of aloe vera is well known and the dental uses of this plant is multiple. Interest is gathering among researchers regarding the use of this plant.

Research experiences, attitudes, and barriers to publishing among the dental postgraduate teachers: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Research is important in medical and dental sciences to improve healthcare. Faculties play an important role in research productivity and student motivation in research.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to assess the attitude and experiences of dental post-graduate teachers toward article writing and reading and to discuss the barriers faced by them.

Cavernous hemangioma of the tongue: A rare case report.

Hemangiomas are developmental vascular abnormalities and more than 50% of these lesions occur in the head and neck region, with the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate most commonly involved. They are considered as hamartomas rather than true neoplasms. Here we report a case of hemangioma of the body of the tongue, discussing the diagnostic aspects and treatment modalities of such lesion and emphasizing the role of the color Doppler ultrasonography, especially in the diagnosis and treatment.

Recurrent hemoptysis in a 62-year-old smoker.

Tracheal papillary adenoma is a rare benign tumor. We report a case of papillary adenoma in a 62-year-old male smoker who presented with recurrent hemoptysis. The tumor was located in the upper third of trachea and forceps biopsy through flexible bronchoscopy was uncomplicated and diagnostic.

Oral bullous lichen planus: Case report and review of management.

A 34-year-old female patient with the chief complaint of burning sensation in the oral cavity associated with generalized pruritis, scalp and skin lesions diagnosed as Bullous lichen planus and treated with systemic prednisolone, levamisole, benzydamine oral rinse. Patient is in follow up since 1 year and free of lesions. Here we report the case and review current modalities in the management of oral lichen planus.

Idiopathic multiple impacted unerupted teeth: Case report and discussion.

Multiple impacted permanent teeth are usually related to syndromes, metabolic and hormonal disorders. However, in some cases, impaction of multiple teeth is not associated with any syndrome. In this report, we present a case of 17-year-old male patient with missing teeth.