The Minnesota attributable risk of kidney donation (MARKD) study: a retrospective cohort study of long-term (> 50 year) outcomes after kidney donation compared to well-matched healthy controls.

Background: There is uncertainty about the long-term risks of living kidney donation. Well-designed studies with controls well-matched on risk factors for kidney disease are needed to understand the attributable risks of kidney donation.

Methods: The goal of the Minnesota Attributable Risk of Kidney Donation (MARKD) study is to compare the long-term (> 50 years) outcomes of living donors (LDs) to contemporary and geographically similar controls that are well-matched on health status.

A Comprehensive Review of Intranasal Insulin and Its Effect on the Cognitive Function of Diabetics.

Diabetes mellitus continues to be a disease that affects a good percentage of our population. The majority affected need insulin on a day-to-day basis. Before the invention of the first manufactured insulin in 1978, dealing with diabetes took a significant toll on patient's lives.

13q14 Deletion and Its Effect on Prognosis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia affecting adults. CLL results due to uncontrolled accumulation of B lymphocytes in the body with the clinical spectrum ranging from comparatively benign disease to an aggressive form. The disease pathogenesis lies in molecular genetics, the most common alteration being the deletion in the long arm of chromosome 13, at position 14 (13q14) region.