Rbm24/Notch1 signaling regulates adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and mediates Parkinson-associated olfactory dysfunction.

Adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) is essential for maintaining neural homeostasis, and its dysregulation contributes to anosmia and delayed tissue healing in neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite intricate regulatory networks identified in SVZ neurogenesis, the molecular mechanisms dynamically maintaining neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in response to physiological and pathological stimuli remain incompletely elucidated. We generated an RNA binding motif protein 24 (Rbm24) knockout model to investigate its impact on adult neurogenesis in the SVZ, employing immunofluorescence, immunoblot, electrophysiology, RNA-sequencing, and experiments.

ErbB4 deficiency exacerbates olfactory dysfunction in an early-stage Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Olfactory dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aberrations in GABAergic function and the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance within the olfactory bulb (OB) have been implicated in olfactory impairment during the initial stages of AD. While the neuregulin 1 (NRG1)/ErbB4 signaling pathway is known to regulate GABAergic transmission in the brain and is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders, its specific role in early AD-related olfactory impairment remains incompletely understood.

Investigating the impact of remnant cholesterol on new-onset stroke across diverse inflammation levels: Insights from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Background: Prior research underscores the significant impact of remnant cholesterol (RC) on stroke occurrence due to its proatherogenic and proinflammatory traits. This study aims to explore diverse risks of new-onset stroke associated with RC, considering distinct inflammation levels in the middle-aged and senior population in China.

Methods: We analyzed 6509 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) across four waves (2011-2018).

Prognostic significance of IL-18 in acute coronary syndrome patients.

Background: After acute coronary syndrome (ACS), inflammation aids healing but may harm the heart. Interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β are pivotal proinflammatory cytokines released during pyroptosis, a process that initiates and sustains inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of circulating IL-18 and IL-1β during the progression of ACS and to determine their association with subsequent clinical events in ACS patients.

Investigation of Stroke Risk Factors and Prognostic Indicators in NVAF Patients with Low CHADS-VASc Scores.

The prognosis of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) with a low CHADS-VASc score (0-1) following a stroke is not well studied. In this investigation, stroke risk factors and prognostic markers in low-risk NVAF patients who are nonetheless at risk for stroke were examined.From January 2012 to January 2022, we retrospectively assessed atrial fibrillation (AF) patients at Xiamen University's Zhongshan Hospital for ischemic stroke.

Association of Soluble IL-1 Receptor Type 2 with Recovery of Left Ventricular Function and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: The role of soluble interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (sIL-1R2) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains undocumented. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the possible associations of sIL-1R2 with left ventricular (LV) function, remodeling and future clinical events in the setting of AMI.

Methods: Circulating sIL-1R2 levels were quantified after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on day 1 of hospital admission for 204 AMI patients, and upon enrollment of 204 healthy controls.

Sex-specific effects of aging on humoral immune responses to repeated influenza vaccination in older adults.

Older adults (≥65 years of age) bear a significant burden of severe disease and mortality associated with influenza, despite relatively high annual vaccination coverage and substantial pre-existing immunity to influenza. To test the hypothesis that host factors, including age and sex, play a role in determining the effect of repeated vaccination and levels of pre-existing humoral immunity to influenza, we evaluated pre- and post-vaccination strain-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers in adults over 75 years of age who received a high-dose influenza vaccine in at least four out of six influenza seasons. Pre-vaccination titers, rather than host factors and repeated vaccination were significantly associated with post-vaccination HAI titer outcomes, and displayed an age-by-sex interaction.

Osteocalcin Induces Proliferation via Positive Activation of the PI3K/Akt, P38 MAPK Pathways and Promotes Differentiation Through Activation of the GPRC6A-ERK1/2 Pathway in C2C12 Myoblast Cells.

Background/aims: Sarcopenia is characterized by an age-related decline in skeletal muscle plus low muscle strength and/or physical performance. Despite the clinical significance of sarcopenia, the molecular pathways underlying sarcopenia remain elusive. The recent demonstration that undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) favours muscle function related to insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism raises the question of whether this hormone may also regulate muscle mass.