The Positive Regulatory Effect of DBT on Lipid Metabolism in Postpartum Dairy Cows.

Background/objectives: The transition from a non-lactating to a lactating state is a critical period for lipid metabolism in dairy cows. Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), stimulating energy metabolism, ameliorates diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders and is expected to be an effective supplement for alleviating excessive lipid mobilisation in periparturient dairy cows. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplemental DBT on serum biochemical indices, faecal microbial communities, and plasma metabolites in dairy cows.

Curcumin liposomes alleviate senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by activating mitophagy.

The senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is closely related to aging and degenerative diseases. Curcumin exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and has been extensively used in anti-cancer and anti-aging applications. Studies have shown that curcumin can promote osteogenic differentiation, autophagy and proliferation of MSCs.

Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Extracts in Protecting Aging Blood Vessels.

Plant Extracts (PE) are natural substances extracted from plants, rich in various bioactive components. Exploring the molecular mechanisms and interactions involved in the vascular protective effects of PE is beneficial for the development of further strategies to protect aging blood vessels. For this review, the content was obtained from scientific databases such as PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Google Scholar up to July 2024, using the search terms "Plant extracts", "oxidative stress", "vascular aging", "endothelial dysfunction", "ROS", and "inflammation".

Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host-microbiota co-metabolism analysis.

Introduction: The risk of ketosis is assessed by monitoring changes in plasma metabolites and cow behavior during the peripartum period. However, little is known about changes in the fecal bile acid and microbiota of cows before parturition. Therefore, this study clarified the bile acid profile and screened potential warning biomarkers in heifers 7 days before calving.

Ageratina adenophora causes intestinal integrity damage in goats via the activation of the MLCK/ROCK signaling pathway.

As a global toxin invasive species, the whole herb of Ageratina adenophora (A. adenophora) contains various sesquiterpenes, which can cause various degrees of toxic reactions characterized by inflammatory damage when ingested by animals. Current studies on the toxicity of A.

Targeted Screening of Fiber Degrading Bacteria with Probiotic Function in Herbivore Feces.

Cellulolytic bacteria with probiotic functions play a crucial role in promoting the intestinal health in herbivores. In this study, we aimed to correlate the 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and fiber-degrading enzyme activity data from six different herbivore feces samples. By utilizing the separation and screening steps of probiotics, we targeted and screened high-efficiency fiber-degrading bacteria with probiotic functions.

Exploration of the immuno-adjuvant effect and mechanism of Anemoside B4 through network pharmacology and experiment verification.

Background: Extensive investigation has been undertaken about the utilization of saponin adjuvants in vaccines intended for veterinary and human applications. AB4 is the main constituent of the traditional Chinese medicine, Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, and has immunomodulatory activity. However, there is a paucity of reports on AB4 as a potential adjuvant.

Cow placenta extract ameliorates d-galactose-induced liver damage by regulating BAX/CASP3 and p53/p21/p16 pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Placenta is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, known as "Ziheche", which has the function of tonifying qi and blood, nourishing liver and kidney. Placenta extract (PE) has been used for delaying organismal aging and treating various liver diseases. Cow placenta is a rich natural resource with large mass.

Distribution and associations for antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic resistance genes of Escherichia coli from musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) in Sichuan, China.

This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance (AMR), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and integrons in 157 Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains isolated from feces of captive musk deer from 2 farms (Dujiang Yan and Barkam) in Sichuan province. Result showed that 91.

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolomics to Reveal the Mechanism of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Treating Liver Fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis (LF) is a late-stage process observed in various chronic liver diseases with bile and retinol metabolism closely associated with it. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have shown significant therapeutic potential in treating LF. In this study, the transplantation of ADMSCs was applied to a CCl-induced LF model to investigate its molecular mechanism through a multi-omics joint analysis.

Blood metabolomics reveals the therapeutic effect of Pueraria polysaccharide on calf diarrhea.

Background: Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is typically treated with antibiotics, while long-term application of antibiotics induces drug resistance and antibiotic residues, ultimately decreasing feed efficiency. Pueraria polysaccharide (PPL) is a versatile antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidative compound. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of different doses of PPL (0.

Protective Effects of HH2 against Oral Enterotoxigenic in Beagles.

This study evaluated the protective effect of HH2 on beagles orally challenged with enterotoxigenic (ETEC). We assessed the physiological parameters and the severity of diarrhea, as well as the changes in three serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM), plasma diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate (D-LA), and the fecal microbiome. Feeding HH2 significantly reduced the severity of diarrhea after the ETEC challenge ( < 0.

Association between Tryptophan Metabolism and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Dairy Cows with Ketosis.

Dairy cows with ketosis have high circulating beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentrations alongside which inflammation is concomitantly developed. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid that participates in the regulation of the inflammatory response. However, the association between Trp metabolism and inflammation in dairy cows with ketosis remains unclear.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secrete extracellular vesicles: A potential cell-free therapy for canine renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising source of therapies for ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) because of their potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of ADMSC-EVs in canine renal IR injury.

Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and EVs were isolated and characterised for surface markers.

polysaccharides alleviate neonatal calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.

Introduction: Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is still one of the most critical diseases in calf rearing. Studies have shown that polysaccharides (PLP) have intense antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity and modulate gut microbiota. This randomized clinical trial aimed to determine the effect of PLP on the neonatal calf with diarrhea.

Modulating gut microbiota and metabolites with dietary fiber oat β-glucan interventions to improve growth performance and intestinal function in weaned rabbits.

The effect of oat β-glucan on intestinal function and growth performance of weaned rabbits were explored by multi-omics integrative analyses in the present study. New Zealand White rabbits fed oat β-glucan [200 mg/kg body weight (BW)] for 4 weeks, and serum markers, colon histological alterations, colonic microbiome, colonic metabolome, and serum metabolome were measured. The results revealed that oat β-glucan increased BW, average daily gain (ADG), average daily food intake (ADFI), and decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contents, but did not affect colonic microstructure.

Antibiotic-Resistant Strains Isolated from Captive Giant Pandas: A Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Virulence-Associated Genes.

Recent studies showed that () strains isolated from captive giant pandas have serious resistance to antibiotics and carry various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). ARGs or virulence-associated genes (VAGs) carried by antibiotic-resistant are considered as a potential health threat to giant pandas, humans, other animals and the environment. In this study, we screened ARGs and VAGs in 84 antibiotic-resistant strains isolated from clinically healthy captive giant pandas, identified the association between ARGs and VAGs and analyzed the phylogenetic clustering of isolates.

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Placenta Extract on Liver.

The placenta contains multiple biologically active substances, which exert antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and delayed aging effects. Its extract can improve hepatic morphology and function: on the one hand, it can reduce liver interstitial collagen deposition, lipogenesis, and inflammatory cell infiltration and improve fibrosis; on the other hand, it can prevent hepatocellular degeneration by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production, further improve hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis, and promote hepatocyte regeneration, making it a promising liver-protective agent. Current research on placenta extract (PE) mainly focuses on treating a specific type of liver injury, and there are no systematic reports.

Antioxidant Capacity and Protective Effect of Cow Placenta Extract on D-Galactose-Induced Skin Aging in Mice.

Placental extract has been used for skin care and delaying skin aging. Cow placenta is an abundant resource with a large mass, which has not been harnessed effectively. Cow placenta extract (CPE) has the functions of antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, promoting growth and development, and promoting hair growth.

Characteristics of a novel temperate bacteriophage against Staphylococcus arlettae (vB_SarS_BM31).

Background: Staphylococcus arlettae is a rarely reported coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) isolated from infected humans and livestock. Observing phage-bacteria interaction could improve the understanding of bacterial pathogenetic mechanisms, providing foundational evidence for phage therapy or phage detection. Herein, we aimed to characterise and annotate a novel bacteriophage, vB_SarS_BM31 (BM31), specific to S.