Erratum: Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform.

This corrects the article 10.3791/66058.

Multi-Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Detection in Gastric Cancer Based on Ion Semiconductor Sequencing Platform.

Gastric cancer is a common heterogeneous tumor. Most patients have advanced gastric cancer at the time of diagnosis and often need chemotherapy. Although 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used for treatment, its therapeutic sensitivity and drug tolerance still need to be determined, which emphasizes the importance of individualized administration.

Integrating cfDNA liquid biopsy and organoid-based drug screening reveals PI3K signaling as a promising therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Background: The current precision medicine relies on biomarkers, which are mainly obtained through next-generation sequencing (NGS). However, this model failed to find effective drugs for most cancer patients. This study tried to combine liquid biopsy with functional drug tests using organoid models to find potential drugs for cancer patients.

The promotive role of lncRNA MIR205HG in proliferation, invasion, and migration of melanoma cells via the JMJD2C/ALKBH5 axis.

Melanoma is a highly malignant skin cancer. This study aimed to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA MIR205 host gene (lncRNA MIR205HG) in proliferation, invasion, and migration of melanoma cells via jumonji domain containing 2C (JMJD2C) and ALKB homolog 5 (ALKBH5). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot assay showed that MIR205HG, JMJD2C, and ALKBH5 were increased in melanoma cell lines.

Development of Cas13a-based therapy for cancer treatment.

Gene therapy has become a major focus of current biomedical research. CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Inter spaced Short Palindromic Repeats) systems have been extensively researched for disease treatment applications through genome editing specificity. Compared with Cas9 (CRISPR-associated proteins, Cas), a commonly used tool enzyme for genome editing, Cas13a exhibits RNA-dependent endonuclease activity, including collateral cleavage without obvious potential genetic risks.

Retraction: SNHG5 promotes proliferation and induces apoptosis in melanoma by sponging miR-155.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1039/C7RA12520H.].

Tspan5 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumour metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating Notch signalling.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide due to a high rate of tumour metastasis and disease recurrence. In physiological conditions, tetraspanins interact with specific partner proteins in tetraspanin-enriched microdomains and regulate their subcellular localization and function. However, the function of Tspan5 in pathological processes, particularly in cancer biology and its clinical significance, are still unclear.

A Novel Phytochemical, DIM, Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and TNF-α Induced Inflammatory Cytokine Production of Synovial Fibroblasts From Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients by Targeting MAPK and AKT/mTOR Signal Pathway.

In rheumatoid arthritis(RA) pathogenesis, activated RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs) exhibit similar proliferative features as tumor cells and subsequent erosion to cartilage will eventually lead to joint destruction. Therefore, it is imperative to search for compounds, which can effectively inhibit the abnormal activation of RA-FLSs, and retard RA progression.3'3-Diindolylmethane (DIM), the major product of the acid-catalyzed oligomerization of indole-3-carbinol from cruciferous vegetables, has been reported to be functionally relevant to inhibition of migration, invasion and carcinogenesis in some solid tumors.

M2 macrophages mediate sorafenib resistance by secreting HGF in a feed-forward manner in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Sorafenib is the only approved first line systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the last decade. Tumour resistance to sorafenib has been of major obstacles to improve HCC patient survival.

Methods: We polarised THP-1 cells to M1 and M2 macrophages, performed various in vitro assays and developed sorafenib-resistant xenograft models to investigate the role of tumour-associated macrophages (TAM)-secreted molecules in HCC resistance to the targeted therapy.

contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating AKT signaling pathway and regulating MMP-2 expression.

To understand the role of in metastasis of ovarian cancer. By knockdown or overexpression of , we demonstrated the role of in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We demonstrated that stable knockdown of suppressed EMT along with the upregulation of E-cadherin and the downregulation of Vimentin.

RN181 is a tumour suppressor in gastric cancer by regulation of the ERK/MAPK-cyclin D1/CDK4 pathway.

RN181, a RING finger domain-containing protein, is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. However, its biological function and clinical significance in cancer biology are obscure. Here, we report that RN181 expression is significantly down-regulated in 165 tumour tissues of gastric carcinoma (GC) versus adjacent non-tumour tissues, and inversely associated with tumour differentiation, tumour size, clinical stage, and patient's overall survival.

Long noncoding RNA HAND2-AS1 inhibits cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma by regulating microRNA-21.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HAND2-AS1 is a well-characterized tumor suppressor in several types of malignancies, while its role in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is unknown. In this study, we found that lncRNA HAND2-AS1 was downregulated, while microRNA-21 ( miRNA-21) was upregulated in tumor tissues than in adjacent healthy tissues of ESCC patients. Expression levels of lncRNA HAND2-AS1 and miRNA-21 were significantly and inversely correlated in tumor tissues but not in healthy tissues.

Correction to: MicroRNA-214-3p inhibits proliferation and cell cycle progression by targeting MELK in hepatocellular carcinoma and correlates cancer prognosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0471-1.].

SNHG5 promotes proliferation and induces apoptosis in melanoma by sponging miR-155.

: Melanoma is the most common malignancy of skin cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been demonstrated to be abnormally expressed in multiple malignances. However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of SNHG5 in melanoma progression have not been well identified.

MicroRNA-214-3p inhibits proliferation and cell cycle progression by targeting MELK in hepatocellular carcinoma and correlates cancer prognosis.

Background: MicroRNAs are considered as potential regulators in various biological pathways and contribute to the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. MicroRNA-214-3p (miR-214-3p) was proved to be correlated with various cancers in recent studies. However, the biological functions of miR-214-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its association with the prognosis of HCC after liver transplantation are still unevaluated.

WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 promotes metastasis of human ovarian cancer by regulation of metastasis-associated genes.

Background: WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 (WFDC2) shows a tumor-restricted upregulated pattern of expression in ovarian cancer.

Methods: In this study, we evaluated the role of WFCD2 in tumor mobility, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer in clinical tissue and in ovarian cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo.

Results: Our results revealed WFCD2 was overexpressed in ovarian tissues, and the expression level of WFCD2 was associated with metastasis and lymph node metastasis.

Tspan5 is an independent favourable prognostic factor and suppresses tumour growth in gastric cancer.

Tetraspanins are believed to interact with specific partner proteins forming tetraspanin-enriched microdomains and regulate some aspects of partner protein functions. However, the role of Tspan5 during pathological processes, particularly in cancer biology, remains unknown. Here we report that Tspan5 is significantly downregulated in gastric cancer (GC) and closely associated with clinicopathological features including tumour size and TNM stage.

Extracellular translationally controlled tumor protein promotes colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis through Cdc42/JNK/ MMP9 signaling.

The translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) can be secreted independently of the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi pathway and has extrinsic activities when it is characterized as the histamine releasing factor (HRF). Despite its important role in allergies and inflammation, little is known about how extracellular TCTP affects cancer progression. In this study, we found that TCTP was overexpressed in the interstitial tissue of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its expression correlated with poor survival, high pathological grades and metastatic TNM stage in CRC patients.

WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 gene(WFDC2) is a target of estrogen in ovarian cancer cells.

Background: WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 (WFDC2) shows a tumor-restricted upregulated pattern of expression in ovarian cancer.

Methods: We investigated the role of estradiol (E2) on cell growth in estrogen-sensitive or estrogen-insensitive ovarian cancer cell lines. Real-time (RT)-PCR and western blotting were used to examine the expression of WFDC2 at RNA and protein levels.

MAF1 suppresses AKT-mTOR signaling and liver cancer through activation of PTEN transcription.

Unlabelled: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-PTEN-AKT-mTOR) pathway is a central controller of cell growth and a key driver for human cancer. MAF1 is an mTOR downstream effector and transcriptional repressor of ribosomal and transfer RNA genes. MAF1 expression is markedly reduced in hepatocellular carcinomas, which is correlated with disease progression and poor prognosis.

KCTD12 Regulates Colorectal Cancer Cell Stemness through the ERK Pathway.

Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a difficult problem, as the regulation of CSCs in CRC is poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that KCTD12, potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 12, is down-regulated in the CSC-like cells of CRC. The silencing of endogenous KCTD12 and the overexpression of ectopic KCTD12 dramatically enhances and represses CRC cell stemness, respectively, as assessed in vitro and in vivo using a colony formation assay, a spheroid formation assay and a xenograft tumor model.

Oridonin phosphate-induced autophagy effectively enhances cell apoptosis of human breast cancer cells.

Oridonin is an active diterpenoid, which was extracted from traditional Chinese herbs and had been widely used in clinical treatment nowadays. Oridonin phosphate is one of the derivatives of oridonin. In the present study, we explored its anti-tumor effect and investigated the molecular mechanism of oridonin phosphate in breast cancer cell lines.

Effects of angiotensin II type 2 receptor overexpression on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

Increasing evidence suggests that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The interaction between Angiotensin II (AngII) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) may have a pivotal role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and therefore, AT1R blocker and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of hepatic cancer. Although the involvement of AT1R has been well explored, the role of the angiotensin II Type 2 receptor (AT2R) in HCC progression remains poorly understood.

[The effect of nicotinamide N-methytransferase overexpression on biological behaviors of SMMC7721 hepatocellar carcinoma cell line].

Objective: To study the effect of over expressed nicotinamide N-methytransferase (NNMT) on the malignant biological behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC7721.

Methods: The cells transfected with SMMC/NNMT abbreviated as S/NNMT, parental cells including the negative control which transfected with SMMC/pcDNA3. 1 abbreviated as S/P and parental group which abbreviated S.