Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 in cancer: Dual roles, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic potential - A comprehensive review.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) is a key gluconeogenic enzyme that plays complex and context-dependent roles in cancer biology. This review comprehensively examines FBP1's dual functions as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene across various cancer types. In many cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung cancer, downregulation of FBP1 contributes to tumor progression through metabolic reprogramming, promoting glycolysis, and altering the tumor microenvironment.

A multiverse assessment of the reliability of the self-matching task as a measurement of the self-prioritization effect.

The self-matching task (SMT) is widely used to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying the self-prioritization effect (SPE), wherein performance is enhanced for self-associated stimuli compared to other-associated ones. Although the SMT robustly elicits the SPE, there is a lack of data quantifying the reliability of this paradigm. This is problematic, given the prevalence of the reliability paradox in cognitive tasks: many well-established cognitive tasks demonstrate relatively low reliability when used to evaluate individual differences, despite exhibiting replicable effects at the group level.

Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for lead ions based on Bi-MOF/conducting polymer composites.

Herein, conductive polyaniline (PANI) was chemically polymerized on the surface of a bismuth-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF) to form conductive PANI@Bi-MOF composites. FT-IR and PXRD measurements verified the successful production of PANI@Bi-MOF, whereas SEM, TEM, and EDAX mapping demonstrated that PANI was uniformly coated on the surface of Bi-MOF. The resulting PANI@Bi-MOF composites were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), then used to develop a sensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of lead ions based on differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV).

Relative effectiveness of the second booster COVID-19 vaccines against laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: VEBIS HCW VE cohort study (1 October 2022-2 May 2023).

Introduction: Repeated COVID-19 booster vaccination was recommended in healthcare workers (HCWs) to maintain protection. We measured the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of the second booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared to the first booster, against laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCWs.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study among HCWs from 12 European hospitals, we collected nasopharyngeal or saliva samples at enrolment and during weekly/fortnightly follow-up between October 2022 and May 2023.

The comprehensive relationship between combined anti-inflammatory and healthy diets and all-cause mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: results from NHANES 2003-2018.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder. Diet is recognized as a modifiable factor that may influence inflammation and potentially accelerate RA progression. Nevertheless, the effects of diverse dietary patterns and their combined impact on RA progression and long-term mortality remain inadequately understood.

Racial and ethnic disparities in the burden of non-obese type 2 diabetes using different anthropometric measurements.

Aims: Compare racial/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of non-obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the proportion of non-obese individuals among T2D patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used ICD-9/10 codes to ascertain T2D. Participants were classified as non-obese by BMI (<25 kg/m for normal weight; <23 kg/m for Asian Americans), waist circumference (<102 cm for males, <88 cm for females), and waist-to-hip ratio (<0.

Metabolomic studies reveal and validate potential biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy in two Chinese datasets with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and causes vision impairment and blindness. The presence of major risk factors for DR, such as high levels of HbA1c, does not predict all DR pathogenesis in the clinic, which suggests that uncovering the underlying mechanisms and identifying novel markers are needed. Previous evidence has shown that the serum metabolic signature of DR is unique and detectable compared with that of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Sorption of tetracycline antibiotics by microplastics, associated mechanisms, and risk assessments.

In this study, we selected polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), and polystyrene (PS) as representative microplastics (MPs) to systematically investigate the sorption behavior of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics by MPs. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, and adsorption experiments were applied to assess the sorption behavior of MPs. The results demonstrated that the sorption of TC by MPs was most favorable under neutral conditions, where a modest increase in the salt ion concentration enhanced the adsorption of TC by MPs.

Enhanced Optoelectronic Performance and Polarized Sensitivity in WSe Nanoscrolls Through Quasi-One-Dimensional Structure.

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as tungsten diselenide (WSe), are expected to be used in next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their unique properties. In this study, we developed a simple method of using ethanol to scroll monolayer WSe nanosheets into nanoscrolls. These nanoscrolls have a quasi-one-dimensional structure, which enhances their electronic and optical properties.

Metal-Enhanced Luminescence of Core-Shell Au@ Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Nanospheres for Oxygen Sensing.

Luminescence-based detection has attracted widespread interests in oxygen measurement applications due to its great versatility, simplicity, sensitivity and non-invasive measurement. However, the relatively low quantum efficiency prompts a need for developing methods for luminescent enhancement. Plasmonic nanoparticles are known to efficiently enhance emission of the surrounding dyes with a precise inter-distance of nanoparticles and dyes.

IrO/MnO metal oxide-support interaction enables robust acidic water oxidation.

The sluggish kinetics, poor stability, and high iridium loading in acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) present significant challenges for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE). While supported catalysts can enhance the utilization and activity of Ir atoms, they often fail to mitigate the detrimental effects of over-oxidation and dissolution of Ir. Here, we leverage the redox properties of the Mn/Mn couple as electronic modulators to develop a low-iridium, durable electrocatalyst for acidic OER.

An excitatory neural circuit for descending inhibition of itch processing.

Itch serves as a self-protection mechanism against harmful external agents, whereas uncontrolled and persistent itch severely influences the quality of life of patients and aggravates their diseases. Unfortunately, the existing treatments are largely ineffective. The current difficulty in treatment may be closely related to the fact that the central neural mechanisms underlying itch processing, especially descending inhibition of itch, are poorly understood.

A review of wrist mechanism design and the application in gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery of multi-degree-of-freedom surgical laparoscopic instruments.

Background: This paper aims to comprehensively review current designs of Multi-degree-of-freedom (Multi-DOF) wrist mechanisms and the applications of Multi-DOF surgical instruments in gastrointestinal minimally invasive surgery (MIS).

Methods: By reviewing the advantages and limitations of traditional laparoscopic and robotic surgical instruments, we present the development of Multi-DOF surgical instruments. Then, we summarize the Multi-DOF wrist mechanisms, delineating their pros and cons.

Human blood metabolites and risk of post-traumatic stress disorder: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating chronic mental disorder that leads to reduced quality of life and increased economic burden. Observational studies have found an association between human blood metabolites and PTSD. Nonetheless, these studies have limitations and are subject to confounding factors as well as reverse causation.

Ship path planning based on improved multi-scale A* algorithm of collision risk function.

To improve the safety of ship navigation in complex sea areas and reduce planning time while achieving optimal path planning. The paper proposes an improved A* algorithm that incorporates ship collision risk assessment. The paper utilizes multi-scale raster maps to divide the sea chart in the context of complex sea areas, and combines the Line-of-sight (LOS) algorithm to solve the zigzag paths that may appear in this planning context.

A layered Janus metastructure for multi-physical quantity detection based on the second harmonic wave.

In the field of nonlinear optics and physical quantity detection, the use of the second harmonic wave (SHW) generated in ferroelectric crystals is proposed to realize multi-physical quantity detection with the Janus property. In view of the single physical quantity detected by the current research and the single application scenario, this paper proposes a multi-functional and novel nonlinear Janus metastructure (NJMS), which exploits the SHW to achieve highly sensitive multi-physical quantity detection in the terahertz frequency range and shows Janus properties in both the forward and backward directions of the system. The NJMS is realized to detect refractive indices, thicknesses, and angles with different modes in the forward and backward directions.

Microcirculatory parameters as risk factors for predicting progression of posterior staphyloma in highly myopic eyes: a case-control study.

Background: To assess the rate of macular blood flow decreasing in adults with and without posterior staphyloma (PS) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to identify risk factors associated with PS progression.

Methods: This longitudinal case-control study enrolled 122 eyes of 122 patients-64 patients with PS (PS group) and 58 patients without PS (NPS group). Participants underwent OCTA and clinical examinations at least twice, and those followed for at least one year were included in the analysis.

Effects of Deep Tillage on Rhizosphere Soil and Microorganisms During Wheat Cultivation.

The production of wheat is fundamentally interconnected with worldwide food security. The practice of deep tillage (DT) cultivation has shown advantages in terms of soil enhancement and the mitigation of diseases and weed abundance. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms behind these advantages are unclear.

Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among European Healthcare Workers and Effectiveness of the First Booster COVID-19 Vaccine, VEBIS HCW Observational Cohort Study, May 2021-May 2023.

European countries have included healthcare workers (HCWs) among priority groups for COVID-19 vaccination. We established a multi-country hospital network to measure the SARS-CoV-2 incidence and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs against laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. HCWs from 19 hospitals in 10 countries participated in a dynamic prospective cohort study, providing samples for SARS-CoV-2 testing at enrolment and during weekly/fortnightly follow-up.

Modulation format identification in elastic optical networks using integrated photonic reservoir computing and untrained K-nearest neighbors algorithm.

In the next generation of Elastic Optical Networks, various modulation formats exhibit varying degrees of sensitivity to channel impairments during transmission. To adopt appropriate channel equalization schemes at the receiver, it is essential to perform modulation format identification prior to the receiver, followed by the adjustment of receiver parameters and types based on the recognition results. A system based on a 52-node integrated photonic reservoir chip and untrained K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm is proposed for the recognition of OOK, PAM4, QPSK, and BPSK modulation formats in optical channel transmission.

Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma With Features of Congenital Hemangioma Treated With Sirolimus.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a vascular neoplasm characterized by abnormal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Here, we present a case of a 19-month-old male with KHE of the right leg with bony involvement who was initially misdiagnosed with infantile hemangioma. Due to its heterogeneous presentation and frequent occurrence of comorbidities such as Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, clinical and pathological correlation is essential for diagnosis of KHE.