Cleavage of the Robust Silicon-Fluorine σ-Bond Allows Silicon-Carbon Bond Formation: Synthetic Strategies Toward Ortho-Silyl Aryl Phosphonates.

A straightforward, mild, and transition-metal-free three-component coupling reaction involving arynes, phosphites, and silyl fluorides was developed through Si-F bond activation. Although the Si-F bond is one of the strongest bonds, Si-C bond formation via Si-F bond cleavage with the assistance of bidentate silicon and phosphonium Lewis acids has been successfully achieved. This unprecedented strategy provides a facile approach for synthesizing ortho-silyl-substituted aryl phosphonates.

Identification of transglutaminase 2 kinase substrates using a novel on-chip activity assay.

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in a wide variety of cellular processes through its multifunctional activities. TG2 kinase has emerged as an important regulator of apoptosis, as well as of chromatin structure and function. However, systematic investigation of TG2 kinase substrates is limited due to a lack of a suitable TG2 kinase activity assays.

Real-time monitoring of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity using liquid droplet arrays and its application to human plasma samples.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) regulates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) levels and is related to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including G6PD deficiency, type 2 diabetes, aldosterone-induced endothelial dysfunction, and cancer. Therefore, a highly sensitive array-based assay for determining quantitative G6PD activity is required. Here, we developed an on-chip G6PD activity assay using liquid droplet fluorescence arrays.