Trends of childbirth and cesarean section among women with epilepsy in Korea.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate trends in birth and cesarean section (CS) rates among women with epilepsy (WWE) in Korea.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide, population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. We evaluated the annual childbirth rate and proportion of CS among all deliveries for WWE and the entire female population aged 15-49 years from 2004 to 2019.

Job loss and reemployment of newly diagnosed people with epilepsy: A nationwide cohort study.

Objective: Epilepsy has negative socioeconomic impacts on those affected, resulting not only from actual disability but also from social stigma. However, longitudinal studies examining occupational consequences following an epilepsy diagnosis are limited. We aimed to investigate the occupational outcomes of newly diagnosed epilepsy among Korean employees.

Longitudinal changes in sleep and sleep-related symptoms among Korean adults between 2010 to 2022, including the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Background And Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted people's lifestyles, changing sleep patterns. This study investigated changes in sleep patterns and disturbances in South Koreans over the past decade, including during the pandemic.

Methods: We compared data from the Korean Sleep Headache Society Phase I survey (n = 2484; conducted in 2010) and the National Sleep Survey of South Korea 2022 (n = 3729; conducted in 2022), involving participants aged 20-69 years.

Differences in factors associated with insomnia symptoms between patients with epilepsy with and without depressive symptoms.

Objective: To determine if insomnia-related factors differ depending on the presence of depression in patients with epilepsy.

Methods: This cross-sectional multicenter study collected data on depressive symptoms, insomnia symptoms, and excessive daytime sleepiness, which were defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score of ≥ 10, an Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score of ≥ 15, and an Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) of ≥ 11, respectively. Further, uncontrolled seizures were defined as one or more seizures per month during antiseizure medications treatment.

A mixture of and extracts ameliorates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and ovariectomy-induced bone loss by regulating Src- PI3K-AKT and JNK/p38 signaling pathways.

Osteoporosis is caused by increased bone resorption due to the excessive activity of osteoclasts. has demonstrated the ability to improve bone density in ovariectomized mice, and can suppress osteolysis biomarkers such as collagen content in cartilage and alkaline phosphatase activity. In this study, we examined whether HX112, a mixture of and extracts, could inhibit the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation to alleviate osteoporosis.

qEEG as Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease: Investigating Relative PSD Difference and Coherence Analysis.

Purpose: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-intrusive technique that provides comprehensive insights into the electrical activities of the brain's cerebral cortex. The brain signals obtained from EEGs can be used as a neuropsychological biomarker to detect different stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through quantitative EEG (qEEG) analysis. This paper investigates the difference in the abnormalities of resting state EEG (rEEG) signals between eyes-open (EOR) and eyes-closed (ECR) in AD by analyzing 19-scalp electrode EEG signals and making a comparison with healthy controls (HC).

CNN for a Regression Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Cognitive Impairment Using qEEG.

Purpose: Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals give detailed information on the electrical brain activities occurring in the cerebral cortex. They are used to study brain-related disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain signals obtained using an EEG machine can be a neurophysiological biomarker for early diagnosis of dementia through quantitative EEG (qEEG) analysis.

The eveningness chronotype is associated with nightmare distress and dream recall: a cross-sectional study.

Dreaming may be affected by sleep behavior; however, evidence of the effect of chronotypes on dreaming is limited. We investigated sleep patterns, dream recall, and nightmare distress according to chronotypes. This cross-sectional study retrospectively enrolled adult participants (age > 18 years) who visited a sleep laboratory between 2016 and 2021 and underwent standard polysomnography (PSG) and completed a self-reported questionnaire.

Is Functional Connectivity after a First Unprovoked Seizure Different Based on Subsequent Seizures and Future Diagnosis of Epilepsy?

Background And Purpose: There are no highly sensitive biomarkers for epilepsy to date. Recently, promising results regarding functional connectivity analysis have been obtained, which may improve epilepsy diagnosis even in the absence of visible abnormality in electroencephalography. We aimed to investigate the differences in functional connectivity after a first unprovoked seizure between patients diagnosed with epilepsy within 1 year due to subsequent seizures and those who were not.

Comparisons of impulsivity among patients with different subtypes of epilepsy.

Purpose: This study assessed whether patients with epilepsy have a higher level of impulsivity than healthy controls, and compared impulsivity among patients with different subtypes of epilepsy.

Methods: The multicenter study included 108 subjects with epilepsy and 56 healthy volunteers. Subjects were evaluated by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with BIS-11 scores analyzed as both dichotomized and continuous variables.

Increased pulsatility index of the basilar artery is a risk factor for neurological deterioration after stroke: a case control study.

Background: Higher pulsatility of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is known to be associated with stroke progression. We investigated whether pulsatility index (PI) of the basilar artery (BA) can predict neurological deterioration (ND) after acute cerebral infarction.

Methods: A total of 708 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who had undergone transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography were included.

Quantitative electroencephalography changes in patients with mild cognitive impairment after choline alphoscerate administration.

There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of choline alphoscerate for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in studies using neuropsychological markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectral change at a source level using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) as a biomarker for cognitive function after choline alphoscerate administration to patients with MCI. This study used the qEEG data of patients with MCI who visited the Department of Neurology of the Chung-Ang University Hospital between April 2017 and December 2018.

Insomnia moderates the association between recurrent seizures and emotional instability in persons with epilepsy.

Purpose: We investigated the moderating effect of sleep disturbance on the association between seizure recurrence and emotional instability in patients with epilepsy, independent of psychological distress.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients completed the short form of the Affective Lability Scale (ALS-18), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7).

Survey on Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in Patients with Drug Resistant Epilepsy.

Background And Purpose: Individualized anti-epileptic drug (AED) selection in patient with epilepsy is crucial. However, there is no unified opinion in treating patients with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE). This survey aimed to make a consolidate consensus with epileptologists' perspectives of the treatment for Korean DRE patients by survey responses.

Analysis of microRNA signatures in ischemic stroke thrombus.

Background: We investigated the microRNA expression pattern from thrombus retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke patients to understand the stroke mechanism.

Methods: This study included acute ischemic stroke patients who had undergone intra-arterial thrombectomy at Chung-Ang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea between February 2016 and March 2019. The thrombus was retrieved and stored at -70℃ after obtaining informed consent.

Association of Bone Mineral Density to Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that bone mineral loss is mechanistically related to cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), we investigated the relationship between bone mineral density and the prevalence and intensity of SVD among patients with stroke.

Methods: We analyzed data of 1,190 consecutive patients with stroke who were >50 years of age and underwent both brain MRI and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry from the stroke registry of Chung-Ang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea. The patients were categorized into 3 groups according to their bone mineral density (normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis).

Differences between memory encoding and retrieval failure in mild cognitive impairment: results from quantitative electroencephalography and magnetic resonance volumetry.

Background: The memory impairments in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be classified into encoding (EF) and retrieval (RF) failure, which can be affected by underlying pathomechanism. We explored the differences structurally and functionally.

Methods: We compared quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) power spectra and connectivity between 87 MCI patients with EF and 78 MCI with RF using iSyncBrain® (iMediSync Inc.

Association between arterial stiffness and the presence of cerebral small vessel disease markers.

Objective: We investigated the effect of arterial stiffness on the severity of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) at different brain locations.

Methods: A total of 854 stroke patients underwent both brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurement and brain MRI. The extent of EPVS was separately rated at the levels of the basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale (CS).

A Real-Time Depth of Anesthesia Monitoring System Based on Deep Neural Network With Large EDO Tolerant EEG Analog Front-End.

In this article, we present a real-time electroencephalogram (EEG) based depth of anesthesia (DoA) monitoring system in conjunction with a deep learning framework, AnesNET. An EEG analog front-end (AFE) that can compensate ±380-mV electrode DC offset using a coarse digital DC servo loop is implemented in the proposed system. The EEG-based MAC, EEGMAC, is introduced as a novel index to accurately predict the DoA, which is designed for applying to patients anesthetized by both volatile and intravenous agents.