Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of a Cation Exchange Membrane Using Graphene Oxide/Polyethersulfone Composite Nanofibers.

Ion exchange membranes, especially cation exchange membranes (CEMs), are an important component in membrane-based energy generation and storage because of their ability to transport cations via the electrochemical potential gradient while preventing electron transport. However, developing a CEM with low areal resistance, high permselectivity, and stability remains difficult. In this study, electrospun graphene oxide/polyethersulfone (GO/PES) composite nanofibers were prepared with varying concentrations of GO.

Effects of starch sugar by-product on rumen digestibility, disappearance rate, and milking productivity of the lactating dairy cow.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of starch sugar by-product (SSB) feeding on the rumen digestibility, disappearance rate, and lactating dairy cow.

Methods: To determine the rumen digestibility, 50 mL of the buffer-rumen fluid mixture was dispensed into a 125 mL serum bottle containing 0.5 g of dry matter (DM) of substrates.

MgB Superconducting Joint Architecture with the Functionality to Screen External Magnetic Fields for MRI Magnet Applications.

A superconducting joint architecture to join unreacted carbon-doped multifilament magnesium diboride (MgB) wires with the functionality to screen external magnetic fields for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnet applications is proposed. The intrinsic diamagnetic property of a superconducting MgB bulk was exploited to produce a magnetic field screening effect around the current transfer path within the joint. Unprecedentedly, the joint fabricated using this novel architecture was able to screen magnetic fields up to 1.

PIP/TMC Interfacial Polymerization with Electrospray: Novel Loose Nanofiltration Membrane for Dye Wastewater Treatment.

A loose nanofiltration (NF) membrane with excellent dye rejection and high permeation of inorganic salt is required to fractionate dye/salt mixture in dye wastewater treatment. In this study, we fabricated the loose NF membrane by using the electrospray interfacial polymerization (EIP) method. It is a novel and facile interfacial polymerization method, which controls the thickness of the poly(piperazine-amide) (PPA) layer in nanometers (1 nm/min) and changes cross-linking degree of PPA layer and pore size by varying the electrospray time; consequently, water permeance and dye/salt rejection ratio can be handled.

Effect of Spacer Configuration on the Characteristics of FO Membranes: Alteration of Permeation Characteristics by Membrane Deformation and Concentration Polarization.

Membrane deformation is a significant problem in osmotically driven membrane processes, as it restricts practical operating conditions and reduces overall process performance due to unfavorable alteration of membrane permeation characteristics. In this respect, a spacer plays a crucial role, as it dictates the form and extent of membrane deformation in association with concentration polarization (CP), which is also influenced by spacer-induced hydrodynamic behavior near the membrane surface. These two roles of spacers on membrane permeation characteristics are inherently inseparable with the coexistence of hydraulic and osmotic pressures.

Niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti) superconducting joints for persistent-mode operation.

Superconducting joints are essential for persistent-mode operation in a superconducting magnet system to produce an ultra-stable magnetic field. Herein, we report rationally designed niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti) superconducting joints and their evaluation results in detail. For practical applications, superconducting joints were fabricated by using a solder matrix replacement method with two types of lead-bismuth (Pb-Bi) solder, including PbBi as a new composition.