A Case Report of Severe Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Due to Accelerated Hypertension in a Young Patient.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) refers to white matter vasogenic edema primarily affecting the brain's posterior occipital and parietal lobes, causing acute neurological symptoms like headaches, visual symptoms, seizures, and altered mental status. We present the case of a 32-year-old male with uncontrolled hypertension, altered mental status, and left-sided weakness. He had a rapid neurological decline, and a computed tomography (CT) head showed blurring of gray-white matter interfaces in the right posterior parietal lobe, suggesting infarction or PRES.

Hemoglobin Wayne: A Rare Variant That Can Cause Falsely Elevated Hemoglobin A1c.

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) can be unreliable (falsely elevated or lowered) in certain conditions, including hemoglobinopathies, anemia, lead poisoning, chronic alcoholism, and opioid use. Hemoglobin Wayne is a rare variant of hemoglobin (Hgb) that can also result in a false elevation of HbA1c. Hence, clinicians should be aware of these underlying causes before diagnosing and treating diabetes mellitus to avoid unexpected consequences.

Recognizing Rare Sequelae of Epstein-Barr Virus Myocarditis Leading to Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Acute Congestive Heart Failure With Multivalvular Regurgitation.

Myocarditis is associated with a wide range of infections, most commonly viral (cytomegalovirus), bacterial, and parasitic (). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) rarely causes myocarditis, which is a life-threatening complication. Autoantibodies against cardiac myocytes activate the complement system and cause diffuse myocyte necrosis.

Hypertensive Emergency in a Young Patient With Unilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case of Conn's Syndrome.

Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone that maintains sodium and potassium homeostasis. Excess aldosterone secretion causes sodium influx and potassium outflow, leading to hypertension and in some cases hypokalemia. Conn's syndrome, or primary aldosteronism, is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, accounting for 20% or more of people with resistant hypertension.