Dynamic automated assessment of functionally limited temporomandibular disorders using motion analysis.

Objective: This study investigated a method for assessing movement patterns in patients with functionally limited temporomandibular disorders using minimal equipment. The aim was to enable clinicians to better understand temporomandibular joint function, support treatment decision-making, and provide data for documenting disease progression.

Methods: This retrospective, observational study included 45 patients with functionally limited temporomandibular disorders (Group A) and 40 healthy volunteers (Group B).

A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Stem Cells in Neuroregeneration: Potential Therapies for Neurological Disorders.

Stem cell research has emerged as a groundbreaking field with significant potential for advancing neuroregeneration and neurological disorder treatment. Neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and spinal cord injuries pose severe challenges due to their impact on quality of life and the limited efficacy of current treatments, which primarily focus on symptom management rather than addressing the underlying damage. Neuroregeneration, the process of repairing and restoring damaged neural tissues, is crucial for improving patient outcomes, given the central nervous system's limited intrinsic repair capacity.

A Narrative Review on Magnesium Sulfate as a Game Changer in Reducing ICU Stays in Organophosphate Poisoning Cases.

Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is a critical public health issue, particularly in agricultural regions where these compounds are extensively used as pesticides. The toxic effects of OP compounds arise from their inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, leading to an accumulation of acetylcholine and a subsequent cholinergic crisis, which can be fatal if not promptly treated. Traditional management of OP poisoning includes the administration of atropine and pralidoxime; however, these treatments often fall short of reducing the high morbidity and mortality associated with severe cases.

A Comprehensive Review on Current Insights Into Epileptic Encephalopathy: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies.

Epileptic encephalopathy (EE) represents a challenging group of disorders characterized by severe epilepsy and significant cognitive, behavioral, and neurological impairments. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the current insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for these disorders. Pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic factors, neurobiological mechanisms, and environmental influences that contribute to the severity and progression of symptoms.

Navigating Disease Management: A Comprehensive Review of the De Ritis Ratio in Clinical Medicine.

The De Ritis ratio, defined as the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, is a widely recognized biochemical marker with significant applications in diagnosing and managing various diseases, particularly liver disorders. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge surrounding the clinical relevance of the De Ritis ratio, examining its historical development, diagnostic utility, and prognostic significance across various medical conditions, including liver diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and muscular pathologies. Through an in-depth analysis of literature spanning several decades, this review highlights the role of the De Ritis ratio not only in differential diagnosis but also as a prognostic indicator for disease progression and patient outcomes.

A single-center review of pre-exposure prophylaxis with tixagevimab-cilgavimab in solid organ transplant recipients.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to negatively impact solid organ transplant recipients (SOTr). Data on the use of tixagevimab-cilgavimab (tix-cil) in vaccinated SOTr during circulation of Omicron and its subvariants are limited. Therefore, this single-center review was conducted to evaluate tix-cil efficacy in multiple organ transplant groups during a study period where Omicron B.

Evolutionary history and introduction of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha VOC/B.1.1.7 in Pakistan through international travelers.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants continue to emerge, and their identification is important for the public health response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Genomic sequencing provides robust information but may not always be accessible, and therefore, mutation-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approaches can be used for rapid identification of known variants. International travelers arriving in Karachi between December 2020 and February 2021 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR.

A multicenter evaluation of hepatitis B reactivation with and without antiviral prophylaxis after kidney transplantation.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc)-positive kidney transplant recipients ranges between 1.4% and 9.6%.

Safety and efficacy of direct-acting oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in kidney transplant recipients: a retrospective single-center cohort study.

Despite the increased use, comparative safety and efficacy of direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) against warfarin have not been well studied in kidney transplant recipients. In this single-center retrospective study, we evaluated 197 adult kidney transplant recipients on DOAC or warfarin between January 1, 2011, and June 30, 2018. The primary outcome was incidence of major bleeding defined as a hemoglobin decrease ≥2 g/dl, blood transfusion ≥2 units, or symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ.

The incidence of fungal infections in pancreas transplant recipients in the absence of systemic antifungal prophylaxis.

Background: There is a lack of high-level evidence identifying meaningful outcomes and the place in therapy for systemic perioperative antifungal prophylaxis (ppx) in pancreas transplant recipients. As our program does not routinely utilize systemic perioperative antifungal ppx in pancreas transplant recipients, we assessed the incidence of post-transplant infectious complications.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of consecutive adult pancreas transplant recipients between 01/2016 and 04/2018 to describe the incidence of fungal infections.

A national survey of valganciclovir dosing strategies in pediatric organ transplant recipients.

Purpose: Data remain limited on the most appropriate valganciclovir (VGCV) dosing strategy for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis and treatment in pediatric organ transplant recipients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe methods used to calculate VGCV dosing among pediatric transplant centers.

Methods: A survey of pharmacists was conducted to assess VGCV dosing strategies for CMV prophylaxis and treatment among pediatric organ transplant centers in the U.

Safety and Efficacy of Biologic Agents for the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease After Liver Transplantation.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) frequently progresses to end-stage liver disease and cirrhosis, requiring liver transplantation. Approximately 70% of patients with PSC have concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during their clinical course. After liver transplantation for PSC, corticosteroids and other high-intensity immunosuppressants are initiated to keep IBD in remission.

Dosing of Enoxaparin in Renal Impairment.

Objective: To review enoxaparin treatment dosing, pharmacokinetics, and clinical outcomes data in patients with renal impairment and to examine the current two-tiered dosing regimen approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Data Sources: A literature search of PubMed (1990-2016) was performed using the search terms and

Study Selection And Data Extraction: All studies assessing the pharmacokinetic properties of enoxaparin in patients with renal impairment were evaluated. In addition, all retrospective and prospective studies assessing the safety and efficacy of enoxaparin treatment in this population were evaluated.

Rational use of rasburicase for the treatment and management of tumor lysis syndrome.

Purpose There is a lack of high-level evidence identifying meaningful outcomes and the optimal place in therapy of rasburicase in patients with, or at high risk for tumor lysis syndrome. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize outcomes resulting from an institution-specific guideline emphasizing supportive care, xanthine oxidase inhibitors, and lower doses of rasburicase. Methods In this retrospective chart review, we compared conservative rasburicase dosing, in accordance with newly developed UMHS tumor lysis syndrome guidelines, with aggressive rasburicase in adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) with hematological or solid tumor malignancies, and a uric acid level between 8 and 15 mg/dL.