Ninjin'yoeito improves respiratory symptoms after lung cancer surgery: a prospective randomized study.

Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy of ninjin'yoeito for alleviating postoperative symptoms after lung cancer surgery.

Methods: Overall, 140 patients who underwent lobectomy were randomized into a conventional treatment group and a ninjin'yoeito group. The primary endpoint was change in the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) score from baseline and the secondary endpoints were the Cancer Dyspnea Scale (CDS) scores, the Kihon Checklist, and respiratory function.

The expression of YAP1 and other transcription factors contributes to lineage plasticity in combined small cell lung carcinoma.

Lineage plasticity in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) causes therapeutic difficulties. This study aimed to investigate the pathological findings of plasticity in SCLC, focusing on combined SCLC, and elucidate the involvement of YAP1 and other transcription factors. We analysed 100 surgically resected SCLCs through detailed morphological observations and immunohistochemistry for YAP1 and other transcription factors.

Safety and efficacy of new staple-line reinforcement in lung resection: a prospective study of 48 patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of new staple-line reinforcement (SLR) in pulmonary resection through a prospective study and to compare the results of this study with historical control data in an exploratory study.

Methods: The subjects of this study were 48 patients who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy. The primary endpoint was air leakage from the staple line.

Factors affecting the short-term outcomes of robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer.

Purpose: Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) is a relatively new approach to lung cancer surgery. To promote the development of RATS procedures, we investigated the factors related to short-term postoperative outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed the records of patients who underwent RATS lobectomy for primary lung cancer at our institution between June, 2018 and January, 2023.

Sarcomatoid mesothelioma diagnosed in a patient with mesothelioma in situ: a case report on morphologic differences after 9-month interval with details analysis of cytology in early-stage mesothelioma.

Background: Overlapping morphological features of mesothelial cells have been rendered it difficult to distinguish between reactive and malignant conditions. The development of methods based on detecting genomic abnormalities using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization have contributed markedly to solving this problem. It is important to identify bland mesothelioma cells on cytological screening, perform efficient genomic-based testing, and diagnose mesothelioma, because the first clinical manifestation of pleural mesothelioma is pleural effusion, which is the first sample available for pathological diagnosis.

POU2F3-Expressing Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Show Morphologic and Phenotypic Overlap.

Considering the differences in protein expression in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) by molecular classification, it is likely that there are differences in morphology, but the relationship between molecular classification and morphology has not been examined. Furthermore, there are limited reports concerning this molecular classification for large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and SCLC simultaneously. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between immunohistochemistry-based molecular classification and morphology, protein expression, and clinical features of 146 consecutive resection specimens of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), focusing mainly on POU2F3, the master transcription factor involved in tuft cell generation.

Implication of cytoplasmic p53 expression in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma using next-generation sequencing analysis.

Aims: Cytoplasmic p53 expression indicates a high frequency of TP53 abnormalities in gynaecological carcinoma. However, the implication of this expression in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) remains unclear. Thus, our study aimed to fill this research gap.

Programmed death ligand-1 expression and occult lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Identifying the preoperative risk factors for lymph node upstaging could contribute to the development of individualized perioperative treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The current study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for lymph node upstaging, including gene mutation and programmed death ligand-1 expression in patients with resectable NSCLC.

Methods: Data on the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent lobectomy for clinical N0 NSCLC at our institution were collected.

Comparable efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines for patients receiving tegafur-uracil as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: Many effective vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been developed, but a weaker response in individuals undergoing anticancer treatment has been reported. This study evaluates the immunogenic status and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), receiving tegafur-uracil (UFT) as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: The subjects of this prospective study were 40 patients who underwent surgery for NSCLC and received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines postoperatively.

Prognostic value of preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The number of surgical procedures has increased among patients with early-stage lung cancer. If the poor prognostic factors for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be simply validated preoperatively, appropriate treatment will be provided. The current study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with resected stage I NSCLC.

Paraneoplastic Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Associated with Atypical Thymic Carcinoid: A Case Report.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease, occasionally accompanied by malignant tumors. Immunosuppressive therapy is the mainstay treatment for idiopathic NMOSD; no guidelines have been published for paraneoplastic NMOSD because it is rarely reported in the literature. We report a rare case of a 67-year-old man with paraneoplastic NMOSD associated with thymic carcinoid whose cells expressed aquaporin-4 antibody.

Low suction on digital drainage devices promptly improves post-operative air leaks following lung resection operations: a retrospective study.

Background: We investigated the most effective suction pressure for preventing or promptly improving postoperative air leaks on digital drainage devices after lung resection.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the postoperative data of 242 patients who were monitored with a digital drainage system after pulmonary resection in our institution between December 2017 and June 2020. We divided the patients into three groups according to the suction pressure used: A (low-pressure suction group: - 5 cm HO), B (intermediate-pressure group: - 10 cm HO), and C (high-pressure suction group: - 20 cm HO).

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing rib osteomyelitis with debridement and vacuum-assisted closure.

Rib osteomyelitis is a rare disease, comprising 1% or less of all osteomyelitis. Treatment of rib osteomyelitis includes prolonged antibiotic therapy and surgical intervention. Indications for surgical treatment of rib osteomyelitis remain unclear, however, because of few reported cases.

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula ruptured in an adolescent girl 1 week after her mother's rupture: a report of a case.

A 14-year-old girl was diagnosed with hemothorax associated with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula rupture, and emergency surgery was performed. One week before her surgery, her mother at 32 weeks of gestation underwent emergency surgery for hemothorax caused by pulmonary arteriovenous fistula rupture. Both were diagnosed with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

[Mediastinal Shift Due to the Rapidly Expanded Giant Bulla Probably Caused by the Lung Cancer].

A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with back pain and numbness of the left leg. Computed tomography (CT) showed a giant bulla and tumor in the right lung, mediastinal shift to the left side and lesions suggestive of metastatic sacral tumor. Three days later, the patient visited the emergency room with dyspnea and tachycardia.

Oxidized regenerated cellulose for a clear thoracoscopic view: a single-centre randomized trial.

Objectives: During video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), blood oozing from the surface of the access port wound can hamper the surgical view. Although this oozing is difficult to prevent, it can be decreased by placing a wound edge protector with oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) on the surface of the access port wound, thereby improving the surgical outcomes and safety of VATS.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-centre, open-label, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the operative outcomes of VATS when using the ORC (ORC group) compared with operative outcomes without using the ORC (non-ORC group).

[Tumor-induced Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia Caused by a Chest Wall Tumor].

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic disease characterized by hypophosphatemia and skeletal undermineralization. Overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23( FGF23) from the responsible tumor is reported to be a causative factor. Removing the tumor is the only effective treatment for TIO, but identifying the tumor is sometimes difficult.

[Successful Treatment of a Patient with Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis].

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISS) is defined as the narrowing of the upper airway without any known cause. A 40-year-old female was referred to our hospital with the complaint of exacerbation of dyspnea causing difficulty in going out. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan and bronchoscopy revealed subglottic tracheal stenosis with a luminal diameter of 5 mm at the narrowest part.