Quantification of droplet and contact transmission risks among elementary school students based on network analyses using video-recorded data.

In elementary schools, immunologically immature students come into close contact with each other and are susceptible to the spread of infectious diseases. To analyze pathogen transmission among students, it is essential to obtain behavioral data. Questionnaires and wearable sensor devices were used for communication behavior and swab sampling was employed for contact behavior.

Comparison of survival outcomes and anatomically specific severe injuries following traffic accidents among occupants of standard and K-car vehicles: A retrospective cohort study at a teaching hospital in Japan.

Road traffic accidents are a global health concern. K-car vehicles, also known as "mini vehicles," are defined as those having an engine displacement <660 cc, vehicle length <3.4 m, width <1.

gen. nov. sp. nov. and gen. nov. sp. nov., two novel heterotrophs from brittle star .

Two novel Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, halophilic and non-motile bacterial strains, designated NKW23 and NKW57, were isolated from a brittle star collected from a tidal pool in Wakayama, Japan. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that NKW23 represented a member of the family , with CAU 1123 as its closest relative (94.4% sequence identity).

Minimum and early high-energy sonication protocol of MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for low-skull density ratio patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease.

Objective: MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy is an incisionless neurosurgical treatment for patients with medically refractory essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease. A low skull density ratio (SDR) < 0.40 is a known risk factor for treatment failure.

Vertical Parasagittal Hemispherotomy.

Hemispherotomy is a surgical procedure aimed at the treatment of hemispheric epilepsy. Hemispherotomy disconnects the commissural fibers, projecting fibers, and limbic system while preserving most of the brain parenchyma, unlike conventional hemispherectomy. Hemispherotomy is one of most complicated operations currently used in epilepsy surgery and requires a high-level understanding of the intrinsic neuroanatomy.

Sex Disparities in Applied Force on Maxillary Incisors Among Novices During Laryngoscopy Using a High-Fidelity Simulator: A Prospective Observational Study.

Endotracheal intubation (ETI) is a common and crucial intervention. Whether the performance of ETI differs according to the sex of the laryngoscopist remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess sex disparities in markers of ETI performance among novices using a high-fidelity simulator.

Anti-reflection coating with mullite and Duroid for large-diameter cryogenic sapphire and alumina optics.

We developed a broadband two-layer anti-reflection (AR) coating for use on a sapphire half-wave plate (HWP) and an alumina infrared (IR) filter for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimetry. Measuring the faint CMB B-mode signals requires maximizing the number of photons reaching the detectors and minimizing spurious polarization due to reflection with an off-axis incident angle. Sapphire and alumina have high refractive indices of 3.

The Simons Observatory: Cryogenic half wave plate rotation mechanism for the small aperture telescopes.

We present the requirements, design, and evaluation of the cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate (CHWP) for the Simons Observatory (SO). SO is a cosmic microwave background polarization experiment at Parque Astronómico de Atacama in northern Chile that covers a wide range of angular scales using both small (⌀0.42 m) and large (⌀6 m) aperture telescopes.

[Using Mohs' Paste for Disease Control in a Case of Advanced Mucinous Breast Cancer with Continuous Bleeding from the Primary Tumor Surface].

We present the case of a 70-year-old woman with cancer affecting a substantial area of her breast, characterized by persistent bleeding from the primary tumor. Pathological findings revealed a hormone-sensitive mucinous carcinoma. CT indicated a primary tumor in close proximity to the greater pectoral muscle, left axillary lymph node metastasis, and oligometastases in her right lung.

Ultrasound-based upper limb muscle thickness is useful for screening low muscularity during intensive care unit admission: A retrospective study.

Background & Aims: Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes. Muscle mass is an important malnutrition indicator included in Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Although bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry are common muscle mass assessment methods, they are unreliable during intensive care unit (ICU) admission due to the influence of dynamic fluid changes.

Quantitative morphological transformation of vascular bundles in the culm of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens).

Vascular bundles of bamboo are determinants for mechanical properties of bamboo material and for physiological properties of living bamboo. The morphology of vascular bundles reflecting mechanical and physiological functions differs not only within internode tissue but also among different internodes in the culm. Although the distribution of vascular bundle fibers has received much attention, quantitative evaluation of the morphological transformation of vascular bundles associated with spatial distribution patterns has been limited.

Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the operational efficiency of emergency medical services and its association with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates: A population-based cohort study in Kobe, Japan.

Aim: To identify whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affects the operational efficiency of emergency medical services (EMS) and the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in prehospital settings.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study in Kobe, Japan, between March 1, 2020, and September 31, 2022. In study 1, the operational efficiency of EMS, such as the total out-of-service time for ambulances, the daily occupancy rate of EMS, and response time, was compared between the pandemic and nonpandemic periods.

Comparison of the Characteristics of Two Types of Parallel-plate Ionization Chamber Under Small-field Electron Irradiation.

Background/aim: This study compared two types of parallel-plate ionization chamber to clarify the pitfalls of dosimetry in electron radiation therapy.

Materials And Methods: The ion recombination correction factor and polarity effect correction factor, sensitivity, and percentage depth doses (PDDs) of PPC05 and PPC40 parallel-plate ionization chambers were compared in a small-field electron beam. The output ratios were measured for 4-20 MeV electron beams with field sizes of 10 cm × 10 cm, 6 cm × 6 cm, and 4 cm × 4 cm.

Dapagliflozin induced hypernatremia via osmotic diuresis: a case report.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been widely used. They inhibit proximal tubular glucose reabsorption, resulting in glycosuria. Herein, we report the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with hypernatremia during the perioperative period of a subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Nuclear and magnetic spin structure of the antiferromagnetic triangular lattice compound LiCrTe investigated by [Formula: see text]SR, neutron and X-ray diffraction.

Two-dimensional (2D) triangular lattice antiferromagnets (2D-TLA) often manifest intriguing physical and technological properties, due to the strong interplay between lattice geometry and electronic properties. The recently synthesized 2-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide LiCrTe[Formula: see text], being a 2D-TLA, enriched the range of materials which can present such properties. In this work, muon spin rotation ([Formula: see text]SR) and neutron powder diffraction (NPD) have been utilized to reveal the true magnetic nature and ground state of LiCrTe[Formula: see text].

Study of 400 MHz microwave conduction loss effect for a hydrolysis reaction by thermostable β-Glucosidase HT1.

Microwave irradiation at different frequencies gave molecular selective effects, namely higher frequency microwave effects for waters while lower frequency effects for ions. We already reported that 2.45 GHz and 5.

Intra-annual fluctuation in morphology and microfibril angle of tracheids revealed by novel microscopy-based imaging.

Woody cells, such as tracheids, fibers, vessels, rays etc., have unique structural characteristics such as nano-scale ultrastructure represented by multilayers, microfibril angle (MFA), micro-scale anatomical properties and spatial arrangement. Simultaneous evaluation of the above indices is very important for their adequate quantification and extracting the effects of external stimuli from them.

Pressure driven magnetic order in Sr[Formula: see text]Ca[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]P[Formula: see text].

The magnetic phase diagram of Sr[Formula: see text]Ca[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]P[Formula: see text] as a function of hydrostatic pressure and temperature is investigated by means of high pressure muon spin rotation, relaxation and resonance ([Formula: see text]SR). The weak pressure dependence for the [Formula: see text] compounds suggests that the rich phase diagram of Sr[Formula: see text]Ca[Formula: see text]Co[Formula: see text]P[Formula: see text] as a function of x at ambient pressure may not solely be attributed to chemical pressure effects. The [Formula: see text] compound on the other hand reveals a high pressure dependence, where the long range magnetic order is fully suppressed at [Formula: see text] kbar, which seem to be a first order transition.

Limiting silicon supply alters lignin content and structures of sorghum seedling cell walls.

Sorghum has been recognized as a promising energy crop. The composition and structure of lignin in the cell wall are important factors that affect the quality of plant biomass as a bioenergy feedstock. Silicon (Si) supply may affect the lignin content and structure, as both Si and lignin are possibly involved in plant mechanical strength.

Carotid Micromesh Stent for the Cervical Carotid Artery Dissecting Aneurysm in a Patient with Vascular Eagle Syndrome.

Objectives: An elongated styloid process may cause vascular Eagle syndrome that includes cervical carotid artery (CCA) dissection with stenosis and aneurysm formation. There are only four reported cases with vascular Eagle syndrome-related CCA dissecting aneurysm treated with carotid artery stenting (CAS). This is the first report of applying a dual-layer nitinol micromesh stent (CASPER) for vascular Eagle syndrome-related CCA dissecting aneurysm.

sp. nov. () and cf. (), two mixed sooty moulds in subicula on sp. in Taiwan.

Black subicula, comprising a mixture of two sooty moulds of and , on were collected in Batongguan, alt. ca. 2800 m, Nantou County, Taiwan in 1984.