Positive Deviance: Frequent Blood Pressure Monitoring Among Non-hypertensive Middle-aged Women in Rural Indonesia.

Background: In Indonesia, as in many low and middle-income countries, hypertension is a significant health issue. Community health nurses need to identify those with early onset of hypertension by promoting frequent blood pressure (BP) checks, even among those with normal BP. Positive deviance approaches focus on identifying people who undertake uncommon preventive actions.

Identifying correlates of salt reduction practices among rural, middle-aged Muslim Indonesians with hypertension through structural equation modeling.

In 2016, the World Health Organization recommended salt reduction strategies. In most low- and middle-income countries, little is known about what causes people to reduce their salt intake. In rural West Java, Indonesia, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to describe self-reported salt reduction practices among middle-aged Muslims with hypertension (n = 447) and to identify correlates of salt reduction.

Social Cooperation and Disharmony in Communities Mediated through Common Pool Resource Exploitation.

It was theorized that when a society exploits a shared resource, the system can undergo extreme phase transition from full cooperation in abiding by a social agreement, to full defection from it. This was shown to happen in an integrated society with complex social relationships. However, real-world agents tend to segregate into communities whose interactions contain features of the associated community structure.

Model development of healthy-lifestyle behaviors for rural Muslim Indonesians with hypertension: A qualitative study.

Hypertension is a significant health issue in Indonesia. Health professionals in a rural district of West Java identified hypertension as a priority health issue. In this study, we describe healthy-lifestyle behaviors as perceived by the district's middle-aged Muslims with hypertension.

Socioecological regime shifts in the setting of complex social interactions.

The coupling between social and ecological system has become more ubiquitous and predominant in the current era. The strong interaction between these systems can bring about regime shifts which in the extreme can lead to the collapse of social cooperation and the extinction of ecological resources. In this paper, we study the occurrence of such regime shifts in the context of a coupled social-ecological system where social cooperation is established by means of sanction that punishes local selfish act and promotes norms that prescribe nonexcessive resource extraction.

Escherichia coli W shows fast, highly oxidative sucrose metabolism and low acetate formation.

Sugarcane is the most efficient large-scale crop capable of supplying sufficient carbon substrate, in the form of sucrose, needed during fermentative feedstock production. However, sucrose metabolism in Escherichia coli is not well understood because the two most common strains, E. coli K-12 and B, do not grow on sucrose.

A transferable sucrose utilization approach for non-sucrose-utilizing Escherichia coli strains.

Sucrose has economic and environmental advantages over glucose as a feedstock for bioprocesses. E. coli is widely used in industry, but the majority of current industrial E.

Deletion of cscR in Escherichia coli W improves growth and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from sucrose in fed batch culture.

Sucrose has several advantages over glucose as a feedstock for bioprocesses, both environmentally and economically. However, most industrial Escherichia coli strains are unable to utilize sucrose. E.

Ovine small intestinal adenocarcinomas are not associated with infection by herpesviruses, Helicobacter species or Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.

Sheep in New Zealand more frequently develop small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIA) than sheep in other countries. The reasons for this high rate of intestinal neoplasia are not known. In man, differences between countries in the incidence of neoplasia are often due to differences in the rate of infection by carcinogenic viruses or bacteria.

Use of polymerase chain reaction for the differentiation of Group A bovine rotavirus G6, G8, and G10 genotypes in the North Island of New Zealand.

Aim: To determine the presence of Group A rotavirus G6, G8, and G10 genotypes in calves in the North Island of New Zealand.

Methods: Faecal samples from 730 calves (<6 weeks old) with diarrhoea were collected during 2006 and 2007 from seven regions in the North Island of New Zealand. The samples were screened for the presence of Group A rotavirus antigen, using a commercial ELISA.

Detection of papillomaviral DNA sequences in a feline oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are common and often fatal feline neoplasms. Factors that predispose to neoplasm development in cats are poorly defined. Around 25% of human OSCCs are caused by papillomaviruses (PVs).

Effects of cations on antimicrobial activity of ostricacins-1 and 2 on E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus 1056MRSA.

Ostricacin-1 and ostricacin-2 (Osp-1 and Osp-2) were beta-defensins antimicrobial peptides that were purified from ostrich leukocytes using a cation-exchange column and a semi-prep RP-HPLC column. Both ostricacins were subjected to increased concentrations of monovalent cations (K(+) and Na(+)) and divalent cations (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)) in order to investigate the effect of cations on the activity of these ostricacins on Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. The radial diffusion assay method showed that both ostricacins were sensitive to the presence of cations.

Mechanisms of action of ostrich beta-defensins against Escherichia coli.

To understand their mechanism of antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, ostrich beta-defensins, ostricacins-1 and 2 (Osp-1 and Osp-2), were compared with those of sheep myeloid antimicrobial peptide (SMAP)-29 and human neutrophil peptide (HNP)-1, well-characterized sheep alpha-helical and human alpha-defensin peptides, respectively. Fluorescence-based biochemical assays demonstrated that the ostricacins bound lipopolysaccharides and disrupted both outer and cytoplasmic membrane integrity. The ostricacins' permeabilizing ability was weaker than that of SMAP-29, but stronger than HNP-1.

Identification of three novel ostricacins: an update on the phylogenetic perspective of beta-defensins.

Three new beta-defensins, ostricacins-2, 3 and 4 (Osp-2, 3 and 4), have been successfully purified and characterised from ostrich heterophils in addition to ostricacin-1 (Osp-1). These peptides are composed of 36-42 amino acids with a molecular weight range of 4.70-4.

Avian antimicrobial peptides: the defense role of beta-defensins.

Avian antimicrobial peptides, classified as beta-defensins, have been identified from bloods of chicken, turkey, and ostrich; epithelial cells of chicken and turkey; and king penguin stomach contents. Beta-defensins are a family of antimicrobial peptides characterized by six cysteine residues forming beta-defensin motifs that are also found in bovine, ovine, pig, and human. These peptides are active against a wide range of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and yeast.