Dataset on global trade networks of COVID-19 medical products.

This paper presents a comprehensive dataset on the global trade dynamics of COVID-19-related medical products for the years 2019 and 2020. The dataset, derived from the BACI database, focuses on eight distinct product categories identified by six-digit codes. The trade flow data for 224 countries is structured as a multilevel network, with countries as nodes and product categories as layers.

Corneal Specialists' Confidence in Identifying Causal Organisms of Microbial Keratitis.

Purpose: Microbial keratitis (MK) is a potentially blinding corneal disease caused by an array of microbial etiologies. However, the lack of early organism identification is a barrier to optimal care. We investigated clinician confidence in their diagnosis of organism type on initial presentation and the relationship between confidence and presenting features.

Virtual planning for corrections of hemifacial microsomia.

Objectives: This article describes the many anomalies within and outside the head and neck of hemifacial microsomia (HFM).

Methods: The OMENS+ classification system is described with particular reference to the mandibular features classified by Pruzansky and modified by Kaban. The application of virtual surgical planning (VSP) to HFM, largely in children, is described and taken through to aspects indicated in maturity.

A single-molecule study on polymer fluid dynamics in porous media.

Understanding the dynamic behavior of polymeric fluids in porous media is essential for vast geoscience applications, particularly enhanced oil recovery and polymer-enhanced soil washing, to clean up soil contamination. During the past decades, the behavior of polymeric fluids in microscopic space has only been investigated using ensemble-averaged experimental methods in which a bulk phase behavior of the fluids characterizes flow mechanisms. Multiple flow mechanisms have been proposed based on ensemble-averaged data; however, microscale characterization of the interactions between polymers and solid surfaces and the mechanisms governing polymer retention and permeability reduction as well as the reversibility of polymer retention are lacking, resulting in a limited understanding of the flow mechanisms.

Experimental and numerical investigation of polymer pore-clogging in micromodels.

Polymers have been used effectively in the Oil & Gas Industry for a variety of field applications, such as enhanced oil recovery (EOR), well conformance, mobility control, and others. Polymer intermolecular interactions with the porous rock, in particular, formation clogging and the associated alterations to permeability, is a common problem in the industry. In this work, fluorescent polymers and single-molecule imaging are presented for the first time to assess the dynamic interaction and transport behavior of polymer molecules utilizing a microfluidic device.

A Randomized Trial of Topical Fibrinogen-Depleted Human Platelet Lysate Treatment of Dry Eye Secondary to Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate, as a pilot trial, safety and tolerability of CAM-101 10% and 30% topical ophthalmic fibrinogen-depleted human platelet lysate (FD hPL) solution in patients with dry eye disease (DED) secondary to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after 6 weeks of treatment.

Design: A phase I/II, pilot, prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-masked clinical trial.

Participants: Patients with DED secondary to GvHD.

The Use of Blended Diets in Children With Enteral Feeding Tubes: A Joint Position Paper of the ESPGHAN Committees of Allied Health Professionals and Nutrition.

Objectives: This joint position paper of the Committees of Allied Health Professionals (CAHP) and Nutrition (CON) of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) provides a comprehensive guide for health professionals to manage blended diets in children via gastrostomy tubes.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed from 1992 to 2021 using Pubmed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and recent guidelines reviewed. In the absence of evidence, recommendations reflect the authors' expert opinion.

Enhanced rapid review of the applicability of ultrasound in the assessment of sucking, swallowing and laryngeal function in the paediatric population.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has renewed interest in the use of ultrasound (US) amongst dysphagia-trained clinicians working with infants and children. US is a portable, minimally intrusive tool which carries reduced risk of aerosol-generation provoked by other instrumental swallowing assessment tools such as fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). For this reason, US could be a valuable addition to the dysphagia assessment toolkit.

Invasive squamous cell carcinomas and precursor lesions on UV-exposed epithelia demonstrate concordant genomic complexity in driver genes.

Although squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are the most frequent human solid tumor at many anatomic sites, the driving molecular alterations underlying their progression from precursor lesions are poorly understood, especially in the context of photodamage. Therefore, we used high-depth, targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RNA and DNA from routine tissue samples to characterize the progression of both well- (cutaneous) and poorly (ocular) studied SCCs. We assessed 56 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cutaneous lesions (n = 8 actinic keratosis, n = 30 carcinoma in situ [CIS], n = 18 invasive) and 43 FFPE ocular surface lesions (n = 2 conjunctival/corneal intraepithelial neoplasia, n = 20 CIS, n = 21 invasive), from institutions in the US and Brazil.

Glaucoma and Cornea Surgery Outcomes in Peters Anomaly.

Purpose: To conduct a qualitative description of corneal and glaucoma outcomes in Peters anomaly.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Children with Peters anomaly who presented between 1982-2017 were included.

A Multicenter Study Evaluating the Risk Factors and Outcomes of Repeat Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), currently the most common procedure for managing corneal endothelial dysfunction, may be repeated following DSEK failure from a variety of causes. This multicenter study reports the risk factors and outcomes of repeat DSEK.

Methods: This was an institutional review board-approved multicenter retrospective chart review of patients who underwent repeat DSEK.

Donor, Recipient, and Operative Factors Associated With Increased Endothelial Cell Loss in the Cornea Preservation Time Study.

Importance: Determining factors associated with endothelial cell loss after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) could improve long-term graft survival.

Objective: To evaluate the associations of donor, recipient, and operative factors with endothelial cell density (ECD) 3 years after DSAEK in the Cornea Preservation Time Study.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was a secondary analysis of data collected in a multicenter, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.

Factors Associated With Graft Rejection in the Cornea Preservation Time Study.

Purpose: To identify factors related to graft rejection following Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in the Cornea Preservation Time Study (CPTS).

Design: Cohort study within a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Methods: A total of 1330 eyes of 1090 subjects undergoing DSAEK were randomized to receive a donor cornea with preservation time (PT) of 0-7 days (n = 675) or 8-14 days (n = 655) and followed for 3 years.

Donor, Recipient, and Operative Factors Associated with Graft Success in the Cornea Preservation Time Study.

Purpose: To associate donor, recipient, and operative factors with graft success 3 years after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in the Cornea Preservation Time Study (CPTS).

Design: Cohort study within a multicenter, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.

Participants: One thousand ninety individuals (1330 study eyes) with a median age of 70 years undergoing DSAEK for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (94% of eyes) or pseudophakic or aphakic corneal edema (PACE; 6% of eyes).

Precision of Epithelial Defect Measurements.

Purpose: To ensure optimal care of patients, cornea specialists measure corneal features, including epithelial defects (ED), with slit-lamp calipers. However, caliper measurements are subject to interphysician variability. We examined the extent of variability in ED measurements between cornea specialists and discuss the potential clinical impact.

Discordant Dry Eye Disease (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

Purpose: To improve understanding of dry eye disease and highlight a subgroup of patients who have a component of central sensitization and neuropathic pain contributing to their condition.

Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional, IRB-approved study comparing isolated dry eye disease (n=48) to fibromyalgia (positive control; n=23) and healthy (negative control; n=26) individuals with ocular surface examination, corneal confocal microscopy, quantitative sensory testing, and self-reported ocular symptoms and systemic associations. A subset of patients also underwent skin biopsy and/or brain neuroimaging.