Quantification of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in macrophages during sepsis.

Sepsis is the leading causes of death globally, arising from an imbalanced host response to severe infection. It leads to multi-organ failure and poor outcomes in septic patients due to compromised glucose and lipid oxidation, reduced oxygen consumption, elevated levels of circulating substrates, and impaired mitochondrial function. Mitochondria, essential cellular organelles, play a vital role in regulating various cellular activities and the host immune response to infection.

Advancing miRNA cancer research through artificial intelligence: from biomarker discovery to therapeutic targeting.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, play a vital role in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Their discovery has profoundly impacted therapeutic strategies, particularly in cancer treatment, where RNA therapeutics, including miRNA-based targeted therapies, have gained prominence. Advances in RNA sequencing technologies have facilitated a comprehensive exploration of miRNAs-from fundamental research to their diagnostic and prognostic potential in various diseases, notably cancers.

First organic fluorescence immunoassay for the detection of in food matrixes.

For the first time, a novel fluorescent moiety, 2-amino-4-(7-formyl-1,8-dihydropyren-2-yl)-7-hydroxy-4-chromene-3-carbonitrile (ACC), was synthesized by an ultrasonication method. The synthesis of this moiety was confirmed structural elucidation using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy techniques. Further, photophysical properties of the fluorescent moiety were tested using UV-visible and emission spectroscopy techniques.

An enumerative pre-processing approach for retinopathy severity grading using an interpretable classifier: a comparative study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious eye complication that results in permanent vision damage. As the number of patients suffering from DR increases, so does the delay in treatment for DR diagnosis. To bridge this gap, an efficient DR screening system that assists clinicians is required.

Impact of environment on transmission of antibiotic-resistant superbugs in humans and strategies to lower dissemination of antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotics are the most efficient type of therapy developed in the twentieth century. From the early 1960s to the present, the rate of discovery of new and therapeutically useful classes of antibiotics has significantly decreased. As a result of antibiotic use, novel strains emerge that limit the efficiency of therapies in patients, resulting in serious consequences such as morbidity or mortality, as well as clinical difficulties.

Identification of potential probiotics from fermented sour traditional rice varieties and simulation studies.

Fermented products contain probiotic organisms that have beneficial and therapeutic effects on the gastrointestinal tract. The main objective of the study is to isolate probiotic bacteria from fermented sour traditional rice water and to evaluate their probiotic activity. The microbes were isolated from the fermented rice water and the characterization of the organisms was determined using MALDI-TOF MS.

Optically active organic and inorganic nanomaterials for biological imaging applications: A review.

Recent advancements in the field of nanotechnology have enabled targeted delivery of drug agents in vivo with minimal side effects. The use of nanoparticles for bio-imaging has revolutionized the field of nanomedicine by enabling non-invasive targeting and selective delivery of active drug moieties in vivo. Various inorganic nanomaterials like mesoporous silica nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, magnetite nanoparticles graphene-based nanomaterials etc.

A Review on Deep Learning-driven Drug Discovery: Strategies, Tools and Applications.

It takes an average of 10-15 years to uncover and develop a new drug, and the process is incredibly time-consuming, expensive, difficult, and ineffective. In recent years the dramatic changes in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) have helped to overcome the challenges in the drug discovery pipeline. Artificial intelligence (AI) has taken root in various pharmaceutical sectors, from lead compound identification to clinical trials.

Integrative transcriptome analysis of triple negative breast cancer profiles for identification of druggable targets.

As triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks a specific target, exploration of abnormally expressed genes during the progression of TNBC is important for a better understanding of tumorigenesis and to find a specific target. We intended to figure out genes associated with TNBC, which can provide unique insights into gene dysregulation in TNBC while also pointing to new possible therapeutic targets for TNBC. A meta-analysis of multiple TNBC mRNA profiles was performed to identify consistently differentially expressed genes (CDGs).

Biosolids towards Back-To-Earth alternative concept (BEA) for environmental sustainability: a review.

Biosolids are a nutrient-rich stable substance obtained during wastewater treatment process. With amplifying population and industrial development, upsurge of biosolid generation is also speculated. Biosolids are endowed with essential plant nutrient (macro- and micro-nutrients) which qualifies them to be used as soil amendment and in turn dwindles the use of chemical fertilizers.

Deep feed forward neural network-based screening system for diabetic retinopathy severity classification using the lion optimization algorithm.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) has become a major cause of blindness in recent years. Diabetic patients should be screened on a regular basis for early detection, which can help them avoid blindness. Furthermore, the number of diabetic patients undergoing these screening procedures is rapidly increasing, resulting in increased workload for ophthalmologists.

Application of sludge-derived KOH-activated hydrochar in the adsorptive removal of orthophosphate.

Hydrochar, a hydrothermally carbonized product, has gained attention recently as an adsorbent, among its wide environmental applications. In this study, sludge from the paper recycling industry, having a lower pollution load, was used to produce hydrochar, followed by pre-activation and post-activation using KOH. Characterizations were performed for structural morphology (SEM and TEM), molecular functionalities (FTIR) and textural features (BET surface area).

Calcium alginate nanoparticle crosslinked phosphorylated polyallylamine to the controlled release of clindamycin for osteomyelitis treatment.

Osteomyelitis is one of the infections of the bone, and the treatment needs to the infection problems. Here, a local therapeutic approach for efficient drug delivery systems was designed to enhance the antibiotic drug's therapeutic activity. Calcium-Alginate nanoparticle (Ca-Alg) crosslinked phosphorylated polyallylamine (PPAA) was prepared through the salting-out technique, and it achieved 82.

anti-diabetic assessment of guavanoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles in regulating glucose transport using L6 rat skeletal muscle cells.

Guavanoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles exhibit anti-diabetic potential by improving insulin dependent glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells. The mode of action of the gold nanoparticles was established from the glucose uptake assay in the presence and absence of genistein and wortmannin. The anti-diabetic efficacy of guavanoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles was put forth by assays like for PTP 1B, α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme activities.

Regulation of pro and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules in effect of Withania Somnifera root extract treated sleep deprivation induced Wistar rats.

Sleep plays an imperative role in maintaining good health. Sleep along with circadian cycle wields strong regulatory control over immunity. Sleep deprivation (SD) is a threat to health developing several immunological disorders.

Effect of Withania Somnifera on the antioxidant and neurotransmitter status in sleep deprivation induced Wistar rats.

Sleep is normally a period of relaxation and repair, important for the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and psychological balance. "Globally, millions of people experiences sleep deprivation daily". Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs cognitive functions, decreases anti-oxidative defense and induces neuronal changes.

The Gut Microbiota: How Does It Influence the Development and Progression of Liver Diseases.

The gut-liver axis plays important roles in both the maintenance of a healthy liver and the pathogenesis of liver diseases, where the gut microbiota acts as a major determinant of this relationship. Gut bacteria-derived metabolites and cellular components are key molecules that affect the function of the liver and modulate the pathology of liver diseases. Accumulating evidence showed that gut microbiota produces a myriad of molecules, including lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, peptidoglycan, and DNA, as well as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine, and indole derivatives.

Santalum album extract exhibits neuroprotective effect against the TLR3-mediated neuroinflammatory response in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.

Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the nervous system that is associated with various neurological diseases including Alzheimer's diseases and others. Many studies evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of Santalum album (S. album) extract, but none of them analyzed its effects against neuroinflammatory response in vitro.

Impact of gut microbiota: How it could play roles beyond the digestive system on development of cardiovascular and renal diseases.

In recent years, a significant interest in gut microbiota-host crosstalk has increased due to the involvement of gut bacteria on host health and diseases. Gut dysbiosis, a change in the gut microbiota composition alters host-microbiota interactions and induces gut immune dysregulation that have been associated with pathogenesis of several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Gut microbiota affect the host, mainly through the immunological and metabolism-dependent and metabolism-independent pathways.

Gut-Brain Axis: Role of Gut Microbiota on Neurological Disorders and How Probiotics/Prebiotics Beneficially Modulate Microbial and Immune Pathways to Improve Brain Functions.

The gut microbiome acts as an integral part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that has the largest and vulnerable surface with desirable features to observe foods, nutrients, and environmental factors, as well as to differentiate commensals, invading pathogens, and others. It is well-known that the gut has a strong connection with the central nervous system (CNS) in the context of health and disease. A healthy gut with diverse microbes is vital for normal brain functions and emotional behaviors.

A promising drug delivery candidate (CS-g-PMDA-CYS-fused gold nanoparticles) for inhibition of multidrug-resistant uropathogenic .

Antibiotic resistance amongst microbial pathogens is a mounting serious issue in researchers and physicians. Various alternatives to overcome the multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are under search, and biofilm growth inhibition is one of them. In this investigation, a polymeric drug delivery system loaded with multi-serratial drugs to improve the delivery of drugs against urinary tract infection causative .

In vivo approach of simply constructed pyrazinamide conjugated chitosan-g-polycaprolactone micelles for methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an extensive origin of nosocomial infections that are very much challenging as well as complicated to eradicate mostly due to their strong resistance against all existing antibiotic therapies. Here the chitosan-grafted-polycaprolactone/maleic anhydride-pyrazinamide (CS-g-PCL/MA-PZA) polymeric drug carrier constructed via dialysis for anti-MRSA drugs like rifampicin (RF) and pyrazinamide (PZA) delivery. Nearly 200 nm size of the spherical particle with -20.

Stimulus-responsive zinc oxide-functionalized macromolecular humic acid nanocarrier for enhancement of antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride.

Macromolecular of naturally occurring humic acid (HA) have garnered interest in the chemical, biological and medicine industry owing to their unique behavior, i.e., strong adsorptive and non-toxic nature.