Characteristics and Mechanism of Acute Ischemic Stroke in NAVF Patients With Prior Oral Anticoagulant Therapy.

Objectives: We aimed to analyze the characteristics and mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who received prior anticoagulant therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with NVAF and AIS between January 2016 and December 2021. Patients were divided into non-anticoagulant, adequate anticoagulant, and insufficient anticoagulant groups according to their prior anticoagulant status.

Changing trends and factors influencing anticoagulant use in patients with acute ischemic stroke and NVAF at discharge in the NOACs era.

Objectives: We sought to explore the trends and influencing factors of the use of anticoagulants in patients with acute ischemic stroke and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) at discharge in the era of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs).

Methods: We recruited consecutive inpatients with acute ischemic stroke and NVAF in a registered study (NCT04080830) from January 2016 to December 2021. The relevant data of patients were collected.

Prognosis and Predictors of Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage After Endovascular Treatment of Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke.

Background: Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) is a devastating complication of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and is associated with high risk of disability and mortality. This study intended to evaluate the predictors of sICH after EVT in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO)-induced AIS.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review on consecutive AIS patients who underwent EVT in our University hospital between January 2019 and August 2020.

Preventing Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events in High-Risk Patients With Non-disabling Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events Using Remote Ischemic Conditioning: A Single-Arm Study.

Secondary stroke prevention after a high-risk, non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular event needs to be enhanced. The study was conducted to investigate whether remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is effective in preventing recurrent ischemic events within 3 months. This was a four-center, single-arm, open-label Phase IIa futility trial (PICNIC-One Study).

A Whole-Scope Evaluation of Cervicocephalic Atherosclerotic Burden is Essential to Predict 90-Day Functional Outcome in Large-Artery Atherosclerotic Stroke.

Aim: Cervicocephalic atherosclerosis (AS) of patients with large-artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke might be more closely correlated to the functional outcome than patients with stroke of other etiologies. We aimed to investigate whether a whole-scope evaluation of cervicocephalic AS condition was better at predicting the 90-day functional outcome of LAA stroke than evaluation of intracranial or cervical AS condition alone.

Methods: Patients with LAA stroke were consecutively enrolled in this study.

Profiles of Vertebral Artery Dissection with Congenital Craniovertebral Junction Malformation: Four New Cases and a Literature Review.

Objective: Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) combined with congenital craniovertebral junction malformation (CVJM) is rare. This study aimed to analyze the etiology, clinical and imaging features, treatment, and prognosis of VAD with CVJM.

Methods: Four new cases of VAD with congenital CVJM and 28 similar cases found in the literature were included.

The efficacy of transcranial alternating current stimulation for treating post-stroke depression: Study Protocol Clinical Trial (SPIRIT Compliant).

Background: The treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD) with anti-depressant drugs is partly practical. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offers the potential for a novel treatment modality for adult patients with PSD. In this study, we will assess the efficacy and safety of tACS for treating PSD and explore its effect on gamma and beta-oscillations involving in emotional regulation.

Bow Hunter's syndrome combined with ipsilateral vertebral artery dissection/pseudoaneurysm: case study and literature review.

Background: Bow hunter's syndrome (BHS), also known as rotational vertebral artery occlusion syndrome, is rare. Occasionally, it combines with dissection/pseudoaneurysm of the ipsilateral VA.

Methods: We report a case of BHS combined with ipsilateral VA dissection/pseudoaneurysm and review eight similar cases reported in the literature.

The Clinical and Vascular Characteristics of RNF213 c.14576G>A Variant-Related Intracranial Major Artery Disease in China.

Background And Purpose: Recently, several studies indicated the c.14576G>A variant on the ring finger protein 213 (RNF213), a founder variant of moyamoya diseases (MMD), was associated with non-MMD intracranial major artery stenosis/occlusion (non-MMD ICASO). We proposed that RNF213 variant-related ICASO including MMD might be a special entity with its own characteristics based on a genetic background.

The association between the ring finger protein 213 gene R4810K variant and intracranial major artery stenosis/occlusion in the Han Chinese population and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Background And Purpose: The ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) gene R4810K variant, a susceptibility locus for moyamoya disease (MMD), has recently been identified to be associated with intracranial major artery stenosis/occlusion (ICASO) without satisfying the diagnostic criteria of MMD in the Japanese population. However, further studies are needed to determine whether this variant is associated with ICASO in other populations and whether R4810K variant-related ICASO could be categorized as MMD. The aim of this study is to elucidate whether the R4810K variant was associated with ICASO among the Han Chinese population and potential histopathology of R4810K variant-related ICASO.

Isolated symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis in young adults: clinical prognosis and vascular change.

Background And Purpose: To investigate the clinical prognosis and vascular outcome of ischemic stroke patients with isolated symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis, and further analysis of the predictors associated with the results.

Methods: Ischemic stroke patients aged 18-55 years old with isolated symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis were evaluated and followed up prospectively for six months. Logistic regression was used to detect predictors of ipsilateral stroke recurrence, and factors associated with the dynamic changes of lesion vascular were analyzed.

Screening for Fabry's disease in young patients with ischemic stroke in a Chinese population.

Purpose: Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder frequently associated with cerebrovascular disease. Data regarding Fabry disease and ischemic stroke has been lacking in China. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of Fabry disease and the distribution of the alpha-galactosidase A (α-GalA) gene - GLA mutations in young stroke patients in the Chinese population and its association with stroke subtypes.

Diagnosis and treatment of dementia in neurology outpatient departments of general hospitals in China.

Introduction: The status of dementia diagnosis and treatment of neurology outpatients in general hospitals in China remains unclear.

Methods: From neurology outpatients at 36 randomly selected hospitals, we first collected baseline data concerning the number of dementia doctors, memory clinics, and patients diagnosed with dementia. In stage 2, we intervened based on drawbacks discovered in stage 1, implementing a dementia initiative program.

[Prevalence of ischemic stroke in young adults and Fabry disease].

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Fabry disease and GLA gene mutations in young patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: A total of 269 consecutive hospitalized patients of ischemic stroke, aged between 18-55 years, were recruited. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.

Association of polymorphisms in the LRP1 and A2M genes with Alzheimer's disease in the northern Chinese Han population.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein1 (LRP1) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) are candidate genes for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD). It is not clear whether the LRP1 exon 3 and A2M exon 24 polymorphisms are associated with SAD. In the present study, we used direct sequencing to genotype the LRP1 C766T (rs1799986) polymorphism in exon 3 and the A2M I1000V (rs669) polymorphism in exon 24 in 364 patients with SAD and 291 healthy control subjects from the Northern Chinese Han population.

Stable knockdown of MYCN by lentivirus-based RNAi inhibits human neuroblastoma cells growth in vitro and in vivo.

Neuroblastoma is the most common childhood solid tumor, yet current treatment approaches have not been able to effectively control this cancer. Amplification and overexpression of MYCN have been shown to be closely related with high risk and poor prognosis in neuroblastoma. This suggests that MYCN is an important target for the antitumor therapy.

Association between somatostatin gene polymorphisms and sporadic Alzheimer's disease in Chinese population.

Recent evidence has suggested that down-regulation of somatostatin (SST) expression in the human brain during early stages of aging leads to an elevation in the steady-state levels of Abeta and therefore may be involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. We hypothesized that alterations in the SST gene might alter its expression or function and also play a role in the pathogenesis of sporadic AD (SAD). First, we sequenced the entire SST gene in 25 randomly selected controls and 25 SAD patients and then screened for C/T polymorphisms (rs4988514) in the 3' un-translated region.

Cerebral diffusion tensor imaging in tuberous sclerosis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in cortical tubers and white-matter lesions in patients with tuberous sclerosis (TS) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Materials And Methods: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DTI were performed in 14 patients with clinically established TS. Based on these DT images, ADC and FA maps were generated.

Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry of white matter in medial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze whole-brain white matter changes in medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).

Materials And Methods: We studied 23 patients with MTLE and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) on T1-weighted 3D datasets. The seizure focus was right sided in 11 patients and left sided in 12.

Diffusion tensor imaging in medial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of the integrity of cerebral tissues. This study was undertaken to assess the changes of diffusion indices of hippocampal formation (HF) in patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).

Methods: Fourteen patients with MTLE and 14 healthy subjects were evaluated.

Hypoxia and reoxygenation increased BACE1 mRNA and protein levels in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, usually involved in hypoxia and reoxygenation, have been reported to increase the risk of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). beta-site amyloid protein precursor (APP)-cleaving enzymes (BACE1) have been identified to participate in the secretion of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta), and its expressive alteration would contribute to the AD neuropathology. We have investigated the effect of hypoxia (0% O(2), 24h) and reoxygenation (0h, 12h and 24h after 24h hypoxia) on BACE1 mRNA and protein levels in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Genetic association between Ubiquitin Carboxy-terminal Hydrolase-L1 gene S18Y polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease in a Chinese Han population.

Increasing evidence indicates that the dysfunction of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, Ubiquitin Carboxy-terminal Hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) plays an important role for the cellular clearance of abnormal proteins. Since a substitution of serine by tyrosine at codon 18, exon 3 (S18Y polymorphism) of the UCH-L1 gene exhibits a protective effect against the development of degenerative disease such as sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) in several different ethnic groups, we hypothesized that UCH-L1 gene S18Y polymorphism may have that same effect on the pathologic process of AD.