Prevalence and risk factors of pre-frailty and frailty in hemodialysis patients in central China.

The current study was to explore the prevalence and risk factors elements of pre-frailty and frailty among patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in central China. A cross-sectional, multi-institutional investigation was conducted. From March to May 2024, using the convenience sampling method, a total of 408 HD patients from four hospitals in Xiangyang, China, were recruited for this study.

Repeated high-dose esketamine in early postnatal rats leads to behavioural deficits with long-term modifications in white matter microstructural integrity.

Esketamine is commonly used for sedation or general anaesthesia in infants and young children. However, repeated esketamine administration during periods of rapid brain growth and development may result in various pathophysiological and cognitive changes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of recurrent esketamine exposure on long-term behavioural and white matter consequences.

Rosiglitazone Promotes Oligodendrocyte Development and Myelin Formation of Repeated Neonatal Sevoflurane Exposure via PPARγ Signaling.

Sevoflurane is one of the most commonly used general anesthetics for children and infants. Recent research indicates that repeated exposure to sevoflurane in neonates induces cognitive and fine motor deficits. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonists have garnered significant attention as potential therapies for a variety of neurological conditions.

Interaction between Oligodendrocytes and Interneurons in Brain Development and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders.

A variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders have recently been shown to be highly associated with the abnormal development and function of oligodendrocytes (OLs) and interneurons. OLs are the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system (CNS), while interneurons are important neural types gating the function of excitatory neurons. These two types of cells are of great significance for the establishment and function of neural circuits, and they share similar developmental origins and transcriptional architectures, and interact with each other in multiple ways during development.

ITPR2 Mediated Calcium Homeostasis in Oligodendrocytes is Essential for Myelination and Involved in Depressive-Like Behavior in Adolescent Mice.

Ca signaling is essential for oligodendrocyte (OL) development and myelin formation. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 (ITPR2) is an endoplasmic reticulum calcium channel and shows stage-dependent high levels in postmitotic oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The role and potential mechanism of ITPR2 in OLs remain unclear.

Risk Factors Analysis of Phantom Limb Pain in Amputees with Malignant Tumors.

Purpose: Postamputation neuropathic pain is a common disease in patients with malignant tumor amputation, seriously affecting amputees' quality of life and mental health. The objective of this study was to identify independent risk factors for phantom limb pain in patients with tumor amputation and to construct a risk prediction model.

Methods: Patients who underwent amputation due to malignant tumors from 2013 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into phantom limb pain group and non-phantom limb pain group.

Insights on therapeutic potential of clemastine in neurological disorders.

Clemastine, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound, is recognized as a first-generation, widely available antihistamine that reduces histamine-induced symptoms. Evidence has confirmed that clemastine can transport across the blood-brain barrier and act on specific neurons and neuroglia to exert its protective effect. In this review, we summarize the beneficial effects of clemastine in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neurodegenerative disease, neurodevelopmental deficits, brain injury, and psychiatric disorders.

Eligibility for elective surgery in patients recovering from mild COVID-19: A propensity-matched analysis.

Objective: To study the timing of surgery after a recent Omicron variant infection, to provide a reference for policymakers, clinicians, and patients.

Methods: This single-center propensity-matched analysis was designed and reported according to the EQUATOR-STROBE guidelines. Patients recovering from COVID-19 infection were divided into three groups based on the period from disappearance of respiratory symptoms to surgery: ≤7 days, 8-14 days, and >14 days groups.

LXA4 attenuates perioperative neurocognitive disorders by suppressing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication that increases morbidity and mortality in elderly patients undergoing surgery. Abnormal microglia activation causes neuroinflammation and contributes to the development of PND. Growing evidence shows that lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a lipid mediator, possesses potent anti-inflammatory activities.

Inhibition of interleukin-6 trans-signaling improves survival and prevents cognitive impairment in a mouse model of sepsis.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) manifests clinically as acute and chronic cognitive impairments, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is consistently up-regulated in sepsis. IL-6 initiates proinflammatory effects after binding to soluble IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) through trans-signalling, which requires the transducer gp130.

Lipoxin A4 methyl ester attenuated ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells via regulating leptin pathway.

Ketamine, the widely used intravenous anesthetic, has been reported to cause neurotoxicity and disturbs normal neurogenesis. However, the efficacy of current treatment strategies targeting ketamine's neurotoxicity remains limited. Lipoxin A4 methyl ester (LXA4 ME) is relatively stable lipoxin analog, which serves an important role in protecting against early brain injury.

Preexposure to heat stress attenuates sepsis-associated inflammation and cognitive decline in rats.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction due to an infection, leading to cognitive impairments. Studies have shown that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) exhibited a neuroprotective effect. In this study we used mild heat stress to induce expression of HSP70, aiming to detect the effect of HSP70 on neurocognitive deficits associated with sepsis and explored the underlying mechanisms.

A Composite Hydrogel Containing Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded With Extract for Improving Chronic Wound Healing.

Chronic wounds are a major health problem with increasing global prevalence, which endangers the physical and mental health of those affected and is a heavy burden to healthcare providers. extract (AE) has excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this research, we developed AE loaded composite hydrogel scaffold based on methacrylate gelatin (GelMA)/methacrylate hyaluronic acid (HAMA) and mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) as sustained-release drug carrier vehicles for the treatment of chronic wounds.

ErbB2 promotes breast cancer metastatic potential via HSF1/LDHA axis-mediated glycolysis.

ErbB2 is overexpressed in approximately 25% of breast cancer cases and promotes metastatic potential. We previously reported that ErbB2 promoted glycolysis via heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)/lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) axis and ErbB2-mediated glycolysis was required for the growth of breast cancer cells. However, the importance of HSF1/LDHA axis-mediated glycolysis in ErbB2-enhanced metastatic potential remains to be elucidated.

mPEG-icariin nanoparticles for treating myocardial ischaemia.

Icariin (ICA), a major active ingredient from Chinese medicine, has unique pharmacological effects on ischaemic heart disease. However, its hydrophobic property limits its administration and leads to poor efficacy. This work aimed to change its hydrophobic property and improve the treatment efficacy.

Ketamine destabilizes growth of dendritic spines in developing hippocampal neurons in vitro via a Rho‑dependent mechanism.

The safety of anesthetics on the developing brain has caused concern. Ketamine, an N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate receptor antagonist, is widely used as a general pediatric anesthetic. Recent studies suggested that ketamine alters the plasticity of dendritic spines in the developing brain and may be an important contributing factor to learning and cognitive impairment.

Effects of propofol on cancer development and chemotherapy: Potential mechanisms.

Propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol) is the commonly used intravenous sedative-hypnotic agent. Accumulating evidence shows that propofol affects cancer development by direct and indirect ways. In this review, we will provide an overview of the effects of propofol on cancer development and chemotherapy, with a special focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms involved.

Ketamine-induced neurotoxicity blocked by N-Methyl-d-aspartate is mediated through activation of PKC/ERK pathway in developing hippocampal neurons.

Ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is widely used in pediatric clinical practice. However, prolonged exposure to ketamine results in widespread anesthetic neurotoxicity and long-term neurocognitive deficits. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this important event are poorly understood.

[Heregulin-β1-induced Glycolysis Promotes Migration of Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF7].

Objectives: To explore whether heregulin-β1 (HRG-β1) can induce glycolysis and the role of HRG-β1-induced glycolysis in the migration of human breast cancer cell line MCF7.

Methods: MCF7 cells were treated with PBS (PBS group) or HRG-β1 for 12, 24 and 48 h. Culture media were harvested for glucose uptake and lactate production assays, and cells were collected and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) protein levels were detected by using Western blot.

FASN, ErbB2-mediated glycolysis is required for breast cancer cell migration.

Both fatty acid synthase (FASN) and ErbB2 have been shown to promote breast cancer cell migration. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood and there is no reported evidence that directly links glycolysis to breast cancer cell migration. In this study, we investigated the role of FASN, ErbB2-mediated glycolysis in breast cancer cell migration.

Multifaceted roles of HSF1 in cancer.

Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is the master regulator of the heat shock response. Accumulating evidence shows that HSF1 is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, is associated with cancer aggressiveness, and could serve as an independent diagnostic or prognostic biomarker. In this review, we will provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of HSF1 in cancer, with a special focus on the four underlying molecular mechanisms involved.

[Expression of fatty acid synthase and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and the relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics in human infiltrating ductal breast cancer].

Objective: To study the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) in human infiltrating ductal breast cancer (IDC) tissues and hunman breast cancer cells and the relationship with the clinicopathogical characteristics. To further explore the relationship between FASN and A-FABP, and the relevance of the invasion in cancer cell.

Methods: The expression of FASN and A-FABP was detected in 58 cases of human infiltrating ductal breast cancer and 12 cases of human normal breast tissues by immunohistochemistry technique, calculated positive expression percentage according to the number of positive cells percentage and the staining degree of positive sediment.