A review of local global health education in post-graduate medical education.

Background: Global health (GH) education is offered in post-graduate medical education (PGME) programs and local experiences are desired by trainees and educators. This scoping review aimed to map the literature on local GH education in PGME, to describe curricular components, factors facilitating successes, and challenges to implementation using a validated education intervention checklist and inclusion of seven components of local GH programming.

Methods: A decolonization conceptual framework informed a 5-step scoping review.

Direct breastfeeding frequency of late preterm and term infants in the neonatal intensive care unit and availability of mother's own milk at six months of age. a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Mother's Own Milk (MOM) reduces the risk of complications in premature infants. Breastfeeding rates for late preterm and term infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are significantly lower than that of breastfed healthy term newborns at 6 months of age.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort study of neonates born at 34 weeks 0 days or later.

Latching Medical Students onto a Virtual Breastfeeding Elective During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

To describe the implementation of a successful two-week virtual breastfeeding elective for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic and characterize student demographics, objective knowledge, and perspectives on breastfeeding before and after the elective. We adapted the Santa Rosa Kaiser Permanente Family Medicine breastfeeding residency curriculum to create a two-week virtual medical student elective using Kern's six steps of curriculum development and a competency-based education framework. Educational components included self-paced modules, shadowing experiences, and group didactics.

Association Between Length of Maternity Leave and Breastfeeding Duration in the United States: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To perform a systematic review to assess the association between the length of maternity leave and breastfeeding duration in the United States.

Data Sources And Methods Of Study Selection: This review was conducted with a five-stage model for reviews. We included publications from 2000 to 2023, U.

Global Health Education Revamped: Implementation of a Cross-Cultural Virtual Elective Through Continuous Improvement Methods.

Introduction: Virtual platforms can increase access to global health (GH) education and cross-cultural communication. The Cleveland-Cusco Connection (CCC) is a virtual GH elective between medical schools in the USA and Peru. This elective was held annually from 2020 to 2023, with monthly virtual sessions held in English and Spanish to facilitate bidirectional learning about healthcare systems, culture, and barriers to care in both nations.

Decolonizing Global Child Health Education for More Equitable and Culturally Safe Collaborations.

Global health (GH) as an academic field is fraught with both historical and present systemic injustice, including unilateral partnerships, power asymmetry in grant funding and research agenda setting, lack of acknowledgment of low- and middle-income countries' contributions, and bias toward high-income countries' institutions. Reflecting on colonialism and White supremacy's legacy is vital for training pediatricians to actively work to create more bidirectional partnerships to improve the health of all children worldwide. In this review, we discuss the present challenges within academic GH and offer four key action steps to decolonize GH education: (1) reflecting on the history of global child health; (2) creating a new language framework; (3) reviewing cultural humility, antiracism, and decolonization curricula; and (4) discussing institutional action steps to decolonize and sustain culturally safe global child health education.

More Than Just a Passport: Resources and Implementation Strategies to Optimize Preparation for Global Health Work.

During the past decade, many resources have been developed to support trainees and clinicians seeking to prepare for global health work. For time-constrained health care providers, figuring out how to prepare can be overwhelming. Given the wide variation in types of travelers and work plans, there is not a "one size fits all" preparation resource.

Decolonizing Global Child Health Education for More Equitable and Culturally Safe Collaborations.

Global health (GH) as an academic field is fraught with both historical and present systemic injustice, including unilateral partnerships; power asymmetry in grant funding and research agenda setting; lack of acknowledgment of contributions from low- and middle-income country collaborators; and disadvantageous bias toward low- and middle-income country institutions. Reflecting on the legacies of colonialism and White supremacy is vital for training pediatricians to actively work to improve the health of all children worldwide, within bidirectional and culturally safe partnerships in which power dynamics and ethnocentrism are dismantled. In this article, we discuss the present challenges within academic GH education (GHE) and offer four key action steps to decolonize GHE: (1) reflecting on the history of global child health; (2) creating a new language framework on pertinent concepts in GHE; (3) developing cultural humility, antiracism, and decolonization curricula; and (4) intentional institutional action steps to decolonize and sustain culturally safe global child health education.

A new policy update on breastfeeding: What all clinicians need to know.

Although the 2022 policy statement on breastfeeding from the American Academy of Pediatrics primarily addresses clinicians caring for pediatric patients, the Academy urges clinicians of all disciplines who may interact with breastfeeding mothers and babies to increase their understanding of breastfeeding and their ability to support this population. Studies published since the 2012 update continue to reinforce the cumulative short-term and long-term infant and maternal health benefits of breastfeeding and human milk consumption.

When Global Becomes Virtual: A Survey of Virtual Global Health Education Activities During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Pediatric Educators.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, global health education activities were disrupted. Transitioning to virtual options has allowed educators and trainees to continue global health education and partnerships, though the acceptability and implementation of this transition is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate current and planned virtual global health education activities (VGHEAs) of a group of US global health educators during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess perceived benefits and challenges of VGHEAs.

Establishing a Virtual Global Health Education Partnership: The Cleveland-Cusco Connection.

Introduction: The Cleveland-Cusco Connection (CCC) elective was created during the COVID-19 pandemic to continue global health (GH) education for Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) and Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC) medical students. The CCC elective was held over Zoom and aimed to promote international collaboration, knowledge about health systems, and perspectives in GH with synchronous and asynchronous learning.

Methods: Peruvian and US medical students participated in six monthly sessions consisting of student presentations and large and small group discussions.

Virtual global health in graduate medical education: a systematic review.

Objectives: To synthesize recent virtual global health education activities for graduate medical trainees, document gaps in the literature, suggest future study, and inform best practice recommendations for global health educators.

Methods: We systematically reviewed articles published on virtual global health education activities from 2012-2021 by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I. We performed bibliography review and search of conference and organization websites.

Weakness, Numbness and Urinary Incontinence in an 11-Year-Old Female.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) affects the central nervous system (CNS) via a rapid and auto-immune process. It has been associated to viral and bacterial infections, as well as after immunization. Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, reports of COVID 19 infection have been linked to ADEM.

Perceived roles, benefits and barriers of virtual global health partnership initiatives: a cross-sectional exploratory study.

Background: Virtual global health partnership initiatives (VGHPIs) evolved rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure partnership continuity. However the current landscape for VGHPI use and preference is unknown. This study aimed to increase understanding of GH partners' perspectives on VGHPIs.

Elucidating a Silent Illness: Hepatitis B Knowledge Among Asian Individuals in an Urban Center.

Background: Despite comprising less than 6% of the US population, Asian individuals make up more than half of the approximately 1.6 million chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in the United States. The purpose of this investigation was to identify characteristics associated with HBV knowledge in this disproportionately affected population.

Non-Hispanic Black Adolescents' Self-Reported Health Behaviors Associated With Childhood Obesity in an Urban Clinic.

Background: The prevalence of children with overweight or obese weight status in the United States is ~30%. Limited data exist on urban adolescents' self-reported health behaviors and their perceptions to healthy living.

Objectives: To examine adolescents' self-reported health behaviors and perceived barriers and their associations with weight status.

Plasma Selenium Concentrations Are Sufficient and Associated with Protease Inhibitor Use in Treated HIV-Infected Adults.

Background: Selenium is an essential constituent of selenoproteins, which play a substantial role in antioxidant defense and inflammatory cascades. Selenium deficiency is associated with disease states characterized by inflammation, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although HIV infection has been associated with low selenium, the role of selenium status in HIV-related CVD is unclear.

Bilateral medial foot compartment syndrome after an aerobics class: a case report.

The authors present an unusual case of bilateral medial foot compartment syndrome in a healthy woman after a low-intensity aerobics exercise class. The majority of compartment syndrome cases have occurred after trauma, such as combat crush injuries and motor vehicle accidents. We wish to call attention to a rare situation in which compartment syndrome occurs in a healthy young adult after low-intensity exercise and highlight the necessity of a high clinical suspicion and a low threshold for fasciotomies to prevent irreversible muscle damage as a result of extremely high pressures.