Real-world Effectiveness of Single-Agent Enfortumab Vedotin in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is a nectin-4-directed antibody and microtubule inhibitor conjugate indicated for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who have received prior platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/L1 inhibitors or are ineligible for cisplatin-containing regimens and have undergone at least 1 prior line of therapy. EV is also indicated in combination with pembrolizumab in the first-line setting. However, real-world effectiveness of EV based on treatment line and impact of prior therapy remains unclear.

Are mesenchymal stem cells still effective in acute GvHD management?

Objective: Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a common and serious complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), significantly impacting transplant efficacy. In the treatment of GvHD, numerous therapeutic approaches have been explored, with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) emerging as a prominent immunomodulatory option. We aimed to evaluate efficacy and outcomes of using MSCs for steroid refractory acute GVHD (SR-aGvHD) management.

The role of ruxolitinib in the management of acute GVHD.

Background And Objectives: Following an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT), a primary cause of morbidity and mortality is still steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-aGVHD). Recently, ruxolitinib, an oral inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, was approved for use in individuals suffering from SR-aGVHD. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and toxicity of ruxolitinib in the real world.

What is the role of alpha-1 antitrypsin in the management of acute graft versus host disease?

Objective: Acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurs in 20-80 % of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Of these patients, 40 % will be resistant to steroids, which is the standard first-line approach. There is no standard second line treatment approach for patients with steroid refractory acute GVHD (SR-aGVHD).

Is there a relationship between vitamin D levels and graft versus host disease?

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is common in adult patients undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Since vitamin D is an important regulatory factor for the immune system, vitamin D deficiency may have effects on antitumor activity, relapse rates, graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurrence and infection rates in allo-HSCT. We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D levels on the outcome of allo-HSCT.

Efficacy of Ruxolitinib in the management of chronic GVHD.

Objectives: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for hematological diseases, with success rates improving due to advancements in conditioning regimens and new anti-graft versus host disease (GVHD) drugs. Ruxolitinib, an oral selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 inhibitor has been used to mitigate the effects of various inflammatory and myeloproliferative syndromes, given the JAK kinase pathway's central role in cytokine signaling during inflammatory and immune processes. In this study we aimed to assess ruxolitinib's efficacy in patients with chronic GVHD (cGVHD).

Effectiveness of ibrutinib in the management of chronic GVHD.

Objectives: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) represents a significant adverse event that may ensue following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT). In patients resistant to corticosteroids, which is the first-line treatment for cGVHD, ibrutinib is being evaluated as a potential treatment option. In this study, we aimed to share the findings of our multicenter study regarding the outcomes of ibrutinib treatment in patients with corticosteroid-resistant cGVHD who had previously received multiple systemic therapies.

What should be the optimal dose of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide for GVHD prophylaxis in allogeneic stem cell transplantation?

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare the engraftment days, graft versus host disease (GVHD) development, relapse and overall survival (OS) rates in patients using variable intensity conditioning regimens with two different post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) doses for hematological malignancies.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 162 patients who have had PTCy at a dose of 25 mg/kg × 2 and 50 mg/kg × 2 between 2018 and 2024. Patients were divided in 2 groups; PTCy dose with 25 mg/kg × 2 (Group 1, n = 45) and PTCy dose with 50 mg/kg × 2 (Group 2, n = 117).

Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Work-Related Questionnaire for Upper Extremity Disorders (WORQ-UP).

Background: The Work-Related Questionnaire for Upper Extremity Disorders (WORQ-UP) serves as a patient-reported outcome measure to identify work-related limitations in individuals with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to adapt the WORQ-UP into Turkish and subsequently evaluate its validity and reliability.

Methods: The Turkish WORQ-UP, along with the previously validated Turkish Quick DASH, were administered to 136 patients.

Can Kinesiotaping Reduce Pain in Rib Fractures?: A Randomized Prospective Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of kinesiotaping on pain scores in patients with rib fractures following isolated thoracic trauma.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized prospective study, patients with isolated thoracic trauma and rib fractures were randomized into kinesiotaping and control groups between January 24, 2024, and October 1, 2024. Patients in the control group received standard analgesic treatment.

Early and Unplanned Readmission of Patients After Thoracic Surgery Operations.

Background Thoracic surgery patients face unique postoperative challenges, particularly those undergoing lung resections. This study aimed to identify common complications and their management within the 30-day postoperative period, as well as investigate the relationship between early postoperative complications and unplanned outpatient follow-ups. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 947 patients who underwent thoracic surgery between January 2020 and December 2023.

Testosterone suppression and recovery in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with intermittent androgen deprivation therapy with relugolix.

Background And Objectives: Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (iADT) may result in measurable improvements in quality of life over continuous ADT in patients with advanced prostate cancer (aPC). Here, we studied time to castration and testosterone recovery in real-world patients with aPC undergoing iADT with relugolix.

Methods And Design: Eligibility criteria for this retrospective study were histologically confirmed through the diagnosis of aPC and initiation of iADT with relugolix.

Survival Outcomes of Patients with Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia in the Era of Proteasome Inhibitors and Immunomodulatory Agents: A Real-Life Multicenter Analysis.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to obtain real-life data on the use of antimyeloma agents, which significantly increase overall survival (OS) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients, in primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) patients with poor prognosis.

Materials And Methods: Data from 53 patients who were diagnosed with pPCL between 2011 and 2020 and who used at least one proteasome inhibitor (PI) and/or immunomodulatory (IMID) agent were analyzed retrospectively. Depending on the year of the pPCL diagnosis, 20% leukocytes or ≥2x10/L plasma cells in the peripheral blood was used as a diagnostic criterion.

Transforming emergency triage: A preliminary, scenario-based cross-sectional study comparing artificial intelligence models and clinical expertise for enhanced accuracy.

Introduction: This study examines triage judgments in emergency settings and compares the outcomes of artificial intelligence models for healthcare professionals. It discusses the disparities in precision rates between subjective evaluations by health professionals with objective assessments of AI systems.

Material And Method: For the analysis of the efficacy of emergency triage; 50 virtual patient scenarios had been created.

Analysis of the Stockholm Public Health Cohort: Exploring How Ultraviolet Radiation and Other Factors Associate with Skin Cancer.

Objective: The primary aims of the study were to (1) explore the association of skin cancer and four ultraviolet radiation (UVR) indicators (sunbed use, healthcare data on diagnosed melanocytic nevi (MN) and actinic keratosis (AK), and latitude of birthplace), and (2) find factors other than UVR that could explain the increasing trend in incidence of skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM).

Methods: This population-based cohort study used self-reported questionnaire data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort, encompassing 103 questions, merged with data from Swedish national registers. The study population included almost 35,000 Swedish-born people aged 30-66 years in 2014.

Incidence of Graves' Disease with Validation and Completeness of the Diagnosis for Registry Extracts in the Danish National Patient Register.

Purpose: Graves' disease (GD) is one of the most common causes of thyrotoxicosis. It has been proposed to identify incident GD by using the GD-specific code, E05.0, of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) in the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR).

Postoperative surgical margin results of the phyllodes tumors from a tertiary hospital.

Objective: Phyllodes tumors in the breast are exceptionally uncommon fibroepithelial tumors. In the literature, they are typically categorized as benign phyllodes tumor, borderline phyllodes tumor, and malignant phyllodes tumor. This study aims to assess and present the clinical and surgical outcomes of patients diagnosed with phyllodes tumor.

Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Psychological Responses and Performance in Virtual and Real Archery.

Background: This study examines the psychophysiological differences between virtual reality (VR) and real archery. It explores whether VR archery induces heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and breathing rates similar to those experienced in real archery. Additionally, the study assesses differences in perceived anxiety, difficulty, confidence, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and shooting performance between the two modalities, providing insights into the efficacy of VR as a training tool for archery.

The effect of total size, area, and volume of lesions in multifocal/multicentric breast cancers and unifocal breast cancers on survival: An observational study.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of the classifications made according to the stage of the largest lesion diameter (T-max stage) and of the sum of the longest diameters of the lesions (T-sum stage), the largest area stage (A-max stage), the sum of the largest areas (A-sum stage), the highest volume stage (V-max stage), the sum of the highest volume (V-sum stage) on disease-free survival, and overall survival (OS) in multifocal/multicentric breast cancers (MMBCs) and unifocal breast cancers (UBCs). The study included a total of 769 patients either with MMBC (n = 128) or UBC (n = 641) who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2015. In the analysis, the median age of 769 patients was 53.

Assessment of BDNF and sialic acid levels in children with ADHD: Relation of chronotypes.

Objective: Evaluation of the biomarkers and their relations with sleep in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is important for understanding the impairments in cognitive functioning. In this study, we aimed to investigate the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and sialic acid (Sia) levels, and their possible relations with chronotypes in ADHD.

Methods: The study included 100 drug-naive children with ADHD and 74 healthy children as controls.