Loss rate of net primary productivity under drought stress on the Yinshanbeilu of Inner Mongolia, China.

Introduction: The increasing intensity and frequency of droughts seriously threaten the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. In order to ensure the normal play of ecosystem service function under future stress, the temporal and spatial characteristics of ecosystem productivity response to drought need to be explored.

Methods: The net primary production (NPP) of vegetation in the Yinshanbeilu was calculated using the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model, and subsequent study concentrated on the NPP's geographical and temporal variable characteristics.

Clot formation, structure, and fibrinolysis of pancreatic cancer patients.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) has the highest risk of venous thromboembolisms amongst all cancer types. If not degraded through a process known as fibrinolysis, thrombi will continue to restrict blood flow and the transport of nutrients to downstream organs, which can lead to heart attack or stroke. While PC patients are known to be hypercoagulable and thus have an elevated thrombosis risk, the mechanism behind this behavior is not fully understood.

Cancer Susceptibility Gene Testing in Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Implementation in a Cancer Center Oncology Clinic.

Purpose: Current guidelines recommend offering genetic susceptibility testing to individuals with pancreatic cancer regardless of family history, but previous studies have reported only moderate test uptake, highlighting the need for efficient and accessible clinical pathways for delivering pretest genetic education and testing. We evaluated gene testing uptake offered at the point-of-oncology care by a nongenetics provider in an outpatient setting.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with pancreatic cancer treated at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023.

Room temperature CRISPR diagnostics for low-resource settings.

Maintaining elevated reaction temperatures and multi-step sample preparations increases the costs and complexity of diagnostics, impeding their deployment in low-resource settings. Here, we develop a one-pot, room temperature recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-CRISPR reaction that removes these critical challenges. We show that RPA amplification is reduced by several orders of magnitude at 25 °C as compared to 37 °C.

Incidence and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Real-Life Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Treated With Oral Factor Xa Inhibitors: The Follow-Up Results of the ANATOLIA-AF Study.

Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the incidence and predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with AF treated with factor Xa inhibitors in a real-world setting.

Methods: The present study was a multicentre and observational study that included patients with AF who were treated with factor Xa inhibitors. The primary outcome was the composite of ischemic stroke, TIA, systemic embolism, major bleeding, and all-cause mortality.

Screening for Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Insights and Implications.

: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a monogenic dyslipidemia that leads to early cardiovascular events. Subclinical atherosclerosis refers to the formation of atheromatous plaques in arterial beds before any clinical events. In our study, we investigated the presence, extent, and independent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis among patients diagnosed with FH.

Characteristics of High Utilizer Patients in the Emergency Department at a University Hospital in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: Emergency departments (EDs) around the world are facing a crippling crisis of overcrowding, a complex problem caused by a variety of factors. One contributing factor is the overutilization of EDs by patients with frequent visits.

Objective: This study aims at measuring the prevalence of this phenomenon and better understanding the characteristics of high utilizers.

National Registry for Home Mechanical Ventilation in Children from Turkey.

Background: Advances in neonatal and pediatric intensive care have improved patient survival rates, emphasizing the need for respiratory support in cases of chronic respiratory failure, resulting in the establishment of the Turkish National Pediatric Patients Receiving Home Mechanical Ventilation (HMV) Support Registration System in 2023. This study aims to present the initial findings of the registry.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, epidemiological and demographic data were obtained from the registry and compared between invasive ventilation (IV) and non-IV (NIV) groups.

Epidemiology of Rectal Cancer Patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim And Background: As rectal cancer diagnosis becomes more prevalent due to the increased awareness caused by campaigns, this study aims to focus on the demographics of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on 184 patients diagnosed with primary or second primary rectal cancer. Stage and site of tumor at diagnosis, gender, BMI, family history, histology, and metastasis are discussed throughout the paper.

Chelidonic acid abrogates oxidative stress and memory dysfunction in experimental aging rats.

Background/aim: In an aging model established using male Wistar albino rats via the administration of D-galactose (D-gal), the aim of this study was to examine the effects of chelidonic acid (CA) on cognitive function and the levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two, three-month-old Wistar albino male rats (n = 8) were divided into four groups, as the control (C) group, CA group (2 mg/kg of CA via oral gavage), D-gal group (150 mg/kg of D-gal, subcutaneously), and D-gal + CA group (150 mg/kg of D-gal and 2 mg/kg of CA). Following overnight fasting, the 10-week trial was concluded with intramuscular injections of anesthetic drugs xylazine (8-10 mg/kg) and ketamine (80-100 mg/kg), and subsequently, the collection of cardiac blood.

Factors affecting fatigue progression in multiple sclerosis patients.

Fatigue is one of the most prevalent and disabling symptoms among patients with MS, but there is limited research investigating the longitudinal determinants of fatigue progression. This study aims to identify the sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics, and therapeutic regimens that are correlated with worsening fatigue over time in patients diagnosed with MS. This is a retrospective chart review of 483 patients.

Assessment of dyslipidemia management in Turkey using a Delphi panel.

This study evaluated the management of dyslipidemia in Turkey with the goal of understanding current diagnosis and treatment patterns, as well as identifying unmet needs in achieving effective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets. Using a Delphi panel consisting of nine expert cardiologists, the study reveals key gaps in dyslipidemia management, particularly in the underutilization of combination therapies, such as statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, which are crucial for achieving LDL-C targets in high-risk patients. The findings indicate that while many patients with very high cardiovascular risk are diagnosed, a significant proportion do not receive optimal treatment to reach LDL-C levels recommended by European guidelines.

Gastrointestinal Sequelae of COVID-19: Investigating Post-Infection Complications-A Systematic Review.

Gastrointestinal (GI) complications are significant manifestations of COVID-19 and are increasingly being recognized. These complications range from severe acute pancreatitis to colitis, adding complexity to diagnosis and management. A comprehensive database search was conducted using several databases.

Evaluation of potential links between phenotypic features and genetic variants in left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

This study aimed to identify the phenotypic features contributing to the development of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to evaluate the genotype‒phenotype relationship. This cross-sectional study included 96 patients diagnosed with HCM (mean age: 56.9 ± 13.

Real-world data on Empagliflozin and Dapagliflozin use in patients with HEART failure: The RED-HEART study.

Aims: We aimed to determine the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and to identify clinical factors associated with their use in patients with heart failure (HF) in a real-life setting.

Methods: Real-world data on Empagliflozin and Dapagliflozin use in patients with HEART failure: The RED-HEART study is a multicentre, cross-sectional and observational study that included HF patients in the outpatient setting regardless of ejection fraction from 19 cardiology centres between August 2023 and December 2023.

Results: The study population consisted of 1923 patients with HF, predominantly men (61.

Sleep Quality and Its Predictors among Dyspnea, Fatigue and Exercise Capacity in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: Poor sleep quality is an overlooked symptom in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), however it may significantly contribute to disease burden.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the sleep quality of patients with PAH and investigate its association with dyspnea, fatigue, and exercise capacity.

Methods: Forty-five patients were included.

Evaluation of preprocedural statin loading on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background And Aim: High-dose statin therapy before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is thought to reduce the occurrence of Peri-procedural Myocardial Infarction (PPMI), which is associated with increased mortality and prolonged hospitalization, especially in statin naïve patients. This study aims to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin loading dose on PPMI and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients undergoing elective PCI, considering their statin use.

Methods: One hundred sixty-five patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) without heart failure (HF) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) were included in the study.

Evaluation of upper extremity functional capacity and activities of daily living in patients with heart failure: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Considering the limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) and the impact of improvements in patients with heart failure (HF), appropriate assessment of upper extremity functional capacity and ADL is important.

Objectives: To evaluate upper extremity functional capacity and ADL in patients with HF and compare them with healthy controls.

Methods: This study included 30 HF patients and healthy controls.

Lam. Bark and Leaves: Extraction, Phytochemical Composition, Bioassays and Studies.

In this work, homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE) and maceration (MAE) were applied on leaves and bark of using water and methanol (MeOH) as solvents. HAE and MAE extracts were compared through liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and evaluating the antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Considering the phytochemical contents and the bioassays results, the HAE extracts resulted favorably with larger content of phenolics and higher antioxidant activity.

Different extraction methods shape the phenolic signature and biological activity of Morinda lucida extracts: A novel source of bioactive compounds preparing functional applications.

The extraction of bioactive compounds is based on the application of various extraction techniques. Therefore, the stem and root bark of the plant species Morinda lucida L. were used in this research, while the extraction procedure was performed using three extraction techniques: HAE (homogenizer extraction), UAE (ultrasound extraction) as modern, and MAC (maceration) as conventional extraction technique.

Kinetic dissection of pre-crRNA binding and processing by CRISPR-Cas12a.

CRISPR-Cas12a binds and processes a single pre-crRNA during maturation, providing a simple tool for genome editing applications. Here, we constructed a kinetic and thermodynamic framework for pre-crRNA processing by Cas12a in vitro, and we measured the contributions of distinct regions of the pre-crRNA to this reaction. We find that the pre-crRNA binds rapidly and extraordinarily tightly to Cas12a ( = 0.

Post-processing of quantitative 4D-CT for initial evaluation of scapholunate Instability: Assessment of simplified approaches to data analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of simplified post-processing approaches for quantitative wrist 4D-CT in the assessment of scapholunate instability (SLI).

Methods: A prospective monocentric case-control study included 60 patients with suspected post-traumatic scapholunate ligament (SLL) tears and persistent pain. Of these, 40 patients exhibited SLL tears, subdivided into two groups of 20 each: one group with completely torn ligaments and the other with partially torn ligaments.

Exact solutions for the Cahn-Hilliard equation in terms of Weierstrass-elliptic and Jacobi-elliptic functions.

Despite the historical position of the F-expansion method as a method for acquiring exact solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), this study highlights its superiority over alternative auxiliary equation methods. The efficacy of this method is demonstrated through its application to solve the convective-diffusive Cahn-Hilliard (cdCH) equation, describing the dynamic of the separation phase for ternary iron alloys (Fe-Cr-Mo) and (Fe-X-Cu). Significantly, this research introduces an extensive collection of exact solutions by the auxiliary equation, comprising fifty-two distinct types.