Global trends and future directions on carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) research: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis (2020-2024).

The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) poses a significant threat to public health. CRE, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae, is associated with high morbidity and mortality owing to limited treatment options. This study identifies current research trends, major topics, and future directions in the scientific field of CRE.

Secondary prevention therapies following percutaneous coronary intervention or acute coronary syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) promotes atherosclerosis, leading to increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Diabetics represent a challenging subset of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a subset characterized by higher rates of recurrent ischemic events compared with non-diabetics. These events are caused by both patient-related accelerated atherosclerotic disease progression and worse stent-related adverse clinical outcomes translating into a higher risk for repeat revascularization.

Analyzing Pulse Compression Performance and Image Quality Metrics of Different Excitations in MAET With Magnetic Field Measurements.

This study investigates the pulse compression technique to improve the performance of magneto-acousto-electrical tomography (MAET) with magnetic field measurements through numerical studies. Emphasizing the effects of specific coil configuration on MAET measurements, the study conducts evaluations using a linear phased array (LPA) transducer and numerical breast models with tumor inclusion. It provides feasibility and a detailed comparative analysis of various excitations, including linear frequency modulated (LFM), Barker code, and Golay code excitations in MAET.

Gender-sensitive and intersectionality-informed health indicators for health reporting: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Gender is a well-established social determinant of health and health (in)equality. Gender-sensitive health indicators for health monitoring and health reporting can support gender mainstreaming in relevant policy areas and inform strategies to promote gender equality. They generally lack theoretical approaches to explain gender inequalities in health in the context of individual, social and structural circumstances.

Diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among older adults: an individual participant data analysis of five prospective studies.

Background: Guidelines and studies provide conflicting information on whether type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be considered a coronary heart disease risk (CHD) equivalent in older adults.

Methods: We synthesized participant-level data on 82,723 individuals aged ≥65 years from five prospective studies in two-stage meta-analyses. We estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of T2D (presence versus absence) on a primary composite outcome defined as cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality.

Safety of beta-blocker discontinuation after acute coronary syndromes with preserved or mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: a target trial emulation from a real-world cohort.

Aims: The benefit of long-term beta-blocker therapy after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) without heart failure in the reperfusion era is uncertain. Two recent randomized trials found conflicting results. The present study assessed the safety of beta-blocker discontinuation within 12 months following ACS with LVEF ≥40%.

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Versus Polymyxin-Based Combination Therapies: A Study on 30-Day Mortality in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections in an OXA-48-Endemic Region.

: Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is recommended as first-line treatment for Oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48) β-Lactamase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections, while polymyxin-based combination therapies (PBCTs) are used as a last resort when CAZ-AVI is unavailable. Research comparing the effectiveness of CAZ-AVI and PBCT in CRE blood stream infections (CRE-BSIs) is limited, mostly focusing on carbapenemase (KPC)-producing isolates. In Turkey, OXA-48 is endemic and OXA-48-Like is common.

The effect of Mobile-Assisted training and counseling on nurses' ventrogluteal injections application of nursing: A mixed method study.

Background: Nurses often administer intramuscular (IM) injections. However, they do not use the ventrogluteal (VG) site, although it is highly recommended.

Aim: This study investigated whether a mobile-assisted training and counseling program (intervention) encouraged nurses to use the VG site to administer IM injections.

[Gender-sensitive health indicators for health reporting at the Robert Koch Institute (GBE-GI)-a pilot project as part of the Joint Action PreventNCD project].

Health reporting (GBE) based on gender-sensitive indicators can provide information on gender inequalities, improve health promotion and healthcare, promote gender mainstreaming, and provide relevant information for gender equality measures. To date, there is no set of gender-sensitive health indicators for Federal Health Reporting at the Robert Koch Institute. As part of the Joint Action Prevent Non-Communicable Diseases, gender-sensitive health indicators are to be identified, evaluated, and integrated into the Robert Koch Institute's health reporting website in a pilot project.

The ameliorative effect of carvacrol on sodium arsenite-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: Possible role of Nrf2/HO-1, RAGE/NLRP3, Bax/Bcl-2/Caspase-3, and Beclin-1 pathways.

Arsenic is a toxic environmental pollutant heavy metal, and one of its critical target tissues in the body is the liver. Carvacrol is a natural phytocompound that stands out with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. The current study aims to investigate the protective feature of carvacrol against sodium arsenite-induced liver toxicity.

The benefits of ventriculoperitoneal shunting in normal pressure hydrocephalus patients-a follow-up of three years.

Objective: The ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is an established approach in treating normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). This study aims to examine the long-term effects of VPS regarding clinical and radiological outcomes, to explore interdependencies with comorbidities and medication, and to determine a suitable opening pressure of the programmable valve.

Methods: 127 patients with VPS were retrospectively evaluated.

Protective role of transforming growth factor-Β3 (TGF-Β3) in the formation of radiation-induced capsular contracture around a breast implant: In vivo experimental study.

Postmastectomy radiotherapy causes capsular contracture due to fibroproliferation of the capsular tissue around the implant. In fibrosis, unlike normal wound healing, structural and functional disorders are observed in the tissues caused by excessive/irregular accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. It has been reported that transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) prevents and reverses fibrosis in various tissues or provides scarless healing with its antifibrotic effect.

Routine beta-blocker therapy after acute coronary syndromes: The end of an era?

Background: Beta-blocker therapy, a treatment burdened by side effects including fatigue, erectile dysfunction and depression, was shown to reduce mortality and cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the pre-coronary reperfusion era. Potential mechanisms include protection from ventricular arrhythmias, increased ischaemia threshold and prevention of left ventricular (LV) adverse remodelling. With the advent of early mechanical reperfusion and contemporary pharmacologic secondary prevention, the benefit of beta-blockers after ACS in the absence of LV dysfunction has been challenged.

A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT and Medical Faculty Graduates in Medical Specialization Exams: Uncovering the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education.

Background This study aims to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in the medical specialization exam (MSE) that medical graduates take when choosing their postgraduate specialization and to reveal how artificial intelligence-supported education can increase the quality and academic success of medical education. The research aims to explore the potential applications and advantages of artificial intelligence in medical education and examine ways in which this technology can contribute to student learning and exam preparation. Methodology A total of 240 MSE questions were posed to ChatGPT, 120 of which were basic medical sciences questions and 120 were clinical medical sciences questions.

Lipocalin-2 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma and its association with clinicopathological characteristics.

Purpose: The present study aimed to assess Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and to compare it with multinodular goitre (MNG). We also investigated the correlation between LCN2 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics.

Methods: This retrospective study included 63 surgically treated adult patients with papillary carcinoma and 65 adult patients with a MNG.

Caring is not always sharing: A scoping review exploring how COVID-19 containment measures have impacted unpaid care work and mental health among women and men in Europe.

Introduction: Unpaid care work is mainly performed by women, whose mental health is more affected by caregiving burden and work-family conflict compared to men. COVID-19 containment measures may have exacerbated existing gender inequalities in both unpaid care work and adverse mental health outcomes. This scoping review provides an overview of recent evidence on the impact of COVID-19 containment measures on unpaid care work and mental health for subgroups of caregivers at the intersection of gender and other social differences (e.

The Value of Ultrasonography in Detecting Gastric Haemorrhage.

Unlabelled: Gastric intramural haematoma is a very infrequent condition. It can occur due to clotted gastric haemorrhage as a result of peptic ulcer disease, or following trauma, oral anticoagulant therapy and bleeding disorders. It is usually suspected with the symptoms of gastrointestinal haemorrhage such as haematemesis, melena and haematochezia, and detected by endoscopy.

Retrospective analysis of serologic test requests in the diagnosis of viral hepatitis: Inappropriate test requests and cost.

The rational laboratory use and implementation of test ordering procedures aim to reduce unnecessary test requests. This study aimed to determine the financial burden caused by inappropriate serological test requests for viral hepatitis and to investigate physicians' reasons for making unnecessary test requests. We performed a retrospective evaluation of inappropriate requests for hepatitis serology testing and the financial burden they caused at a tertiary care hospital over a 1-year period.

Readability analysis of ChatGPT's responses on lung cancer.

For common diseases such as lung cancer, patients often use the internet to obtain medical information. As a result of advances in artificial intelligence and large language models such as ChatGPT, patients and health professionals use these tools to obtain medical information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the readability of ChatGPT-generated responses with different readability scales in the context of lung cancer.

Alterations of ceramide synthesis induce PD-L1 internalization and signaling to regulate tumor metastasis and immunotherapy response.

Programmed death ligand 1, PD-L1 (CD274), facilitates immune evasion and exerts pro-survival functions in cancer cells. Here, we report a mechanism whereby internalization of PD-L1 in response to alterations of bioactive lipid/ceramide metabolism by ceramide synthase 4 (CerS4) induces sonic hedgehog (Shh) and transforming growth factor β receptor signaling to enhance tumor metastasis in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), exhibiting immunotherapy resistance. Mechanistically, data showed that internalized PD-L1 interacts with an RNA-binding protein, caprin-1, to stabilize Shh/TGFBR1/Wnt mRNAs to induce β-catenin signaling and TNBC growth/metastasis, consistent with increased infiltration of FoxP3 regulatory T cells and resistance to immunotherapy.