Incidence of vertebral fractures in calcium and vitamin D-supplemented postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteopenia or osteoporosis: data from Arzoxifene Generations Trial.

Objective: Vertebral fracture is the most common osteoporotic fracture, affecting quality of life and increasing mortality. Epidemiological data on incidence of vertebral fracture are scarce in Brazil and throughout Latin America. Our aim was to determine vertebral fracture incidence and risk factors in a female Brazilian population.

Food and Nutrition Surveillance System/SISVAN: getting to know the feeding habits of infants under 24 months of age.

The objective of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) is to monitor the food intake of individuals attended by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). The objective of this research was to identify the feeding practices of children under 24 months of age who were attended at Primary Healthcare Units (UBS), using SISVAN, and to assess the relationship with maternal sociodemographic profiles. A cross-sectional study was conducted in order to evaluate 350 children using the Food Consumption Marker Form of SISVAN, and maternal demographic data to identify sociodemographic profiles by exploratory factor analysis.

Incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê indigenous people of the Xingu, Central Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011.

The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression.

BMI gain and insulin resistance among school-aged children: a population-based longitudinal study in the Brazilian Amazon.

Investigation of the determinants of metabolic outcomes associated with non-communicable diseases is increasingly important in developing countries, but such parameters have not been explored extensively during childhood. The present study assessed the impact of weight gain, measured as BMI-for-age Z-scores, on glucose and insulin concentrations, homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure during school years among Amazonian children. A population-based prospective study of 696 children aged >4 to ≤ 10 years with complete anthropometric information at baseline (51% females and 86% of mixed race) was carried out; 411 children had data on metabolic parameters after a median follow-up period of 2.

Validation of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire developed to under graduate students.

A validity test of a Food Frequency Questionnaire was carried out using 50 students of health occupation in São Paulo, Brazil. Therefore, a three day dietary record was used as reference method and variables such as energy, macronutrients and dietary fiber were analyzed. The accordance between the Food Frequency Questionnaire and average data from dietary record was tested with kappa statistics and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC).

[Association of processed meat intake and obesity in a population-based study of Japanese-Brazilians].

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the consumption of processed meat with overall, abdominal, and overall with abdominal obesity in a Japanese-Brazilian population, which is known to be at cardiometabolic risk.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 329 men and 443 women aged ≥ 30 years were evaluated in a cross-sectional population-based survey. Diagnosis of overall obesity and abdominal obesity were based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for Asians.

[Degree of physical activity and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study among the Khisêdjê group in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Brazil].

This study aimed to verify the existence of an association between degree of physical activity and presence of metabolic syndrome in the Khisêdjê indigenous group. The authors evaluated 170 individuals 20 years or older, based on demographic data, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The data were analyzed with the chi-square test (p < 0.

Breast-feeding and childhood-onset type 1 diabetes: a pooled analysis of individual participant data from 43 observational studies.

Objective: To investigate if there is a reduced risk of type 1 diabetes in children breastfed or exclusively breastfed by performing a pooled analysis with adjustment for recognized confounders.

Research Design And Methods: Relevant studies were identified from literature searches using MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Authors of relevant studies were asked to provide individual participant data or conduct prespecified analyses.

A behavioral intervention in a cohort of Japanese-Brazilians at high cardiometabolic risk.

Objective: To assess the effect of a health promotion program on cardiometabolic risk profile in Japanese-Brazilians.

Methods: A total of 466 subjects from a study on diabetes prevalence conducted in the city of Bauru, southeastern Brazil, in 2000 completed a 1-year intervention program (2005-2006) based on healthy diet counseling and physical activity. Changes in blood pressure and metabolic parameters in the 2005-2006 period were compared with annual changes in these same variables in the 2000-2005 period.

[Spatial evolution of cardiovascular mortality in Paraná State, Brazil: 1989-1991 and 2006-2008].

This ecological study aimed to describe the spatial distribution of cardiovascular mortality in Paraná State, Brazil (1989-1991 and 2006-2008) and its correlation with socioeconomic variables, using mortality data from the DATASUS database and population data from IBGE. Mortality rates were adjusted by the local empirical Bayesian method. Correlation analysis used the Moran I index and Spearman coefficient.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in elderly Japanese-Brazilians.

Background: Prevalence of individuals with a high cardiovascular risk is elevated in elderly populations. Although metabolic syndrome (MS) increases cardiovascular risk, information is scarce on the prevalence of MS in the elderly. In this study we assessed MS prevalence in a population of elderly Japanese-Brazilians using different MS definitions according to waist circumference cutoff values.

[Food groups for the investigation of risk of type 2 diabetes and associated diseases].

Introduction: The food groups conventionally applied in activities of nutritional counseling were established according to their macronutrient content. However, it does not consider recent scientific evidences of the association between food consumption and risk of developing non-communicable chronic diseases.

Objective: To propose food groups for the investigation of the association between food consumption and risk of developing type 2 diabetes and associated diseases among Japanese-Brazilians.

Abdominal obesity in Japanese-Brazilians: which measure is best for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality?

This study aimed to verify which anthropometric measure of abdominal obesity was the best predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Japanese-Brazilians. The study followed 1,581 subjects for 14 years. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, metabolic, and anthropometric data were collected.

Overweight and obesity related factors in schoolchildren in Santa Catarina State, Brazil.

The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation of socioeconomic, dietary, and anthropometric-nutritional variables of parents and their children to overweight (including obesity) in schoolchildren in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. This is a transversal study conducted on 4,964, 6 to 10-year-old schoolchildren registered in 345 Santa Catarina elementary schools. The following data were acquired: the children's current weight and height, birth weight and length, duration of breastfeeding, age at which water, herbal tea and other foods were introduced to their diet; parental income, education level, age, weight and height were also obtained.

[Factors associated with interruption of exclusive breastfeeding in low birth weight infants receiving primary care].

This study aimed to identify factors associated with interruption of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in low birth weight infants receiving primary care. This was a cross-sectional study of 170 infants treated at primary care units on the urban periphery of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample included infants with birth weight ≤ 2,500g (including twins) and 5-minute Apgar ≥ 7, followed until the third month of life, and excluded infants/mothers with complications that would impede EBF, besides infant/maternal deaths.

[Impact of a lifestyle intervention program on metabolic, anthropometrical and dietary profile of Japanese-Brazilians with and without metabolic syndrome].

Objective: We evaluated the changes in biochemical and nutritional profiles of Japanese-Brazilians with and without metabolic syndrome after two years of participation in the intervention program.

Materials And Methods: It was a non-controlled experimental study. The biochemical and clinical assessments were conducted at baseline (2005), after a year (2006) and after two years (2007) of intervention.

[Dietary patterns and correlates in adults living in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil: the OBEDIARP Project].

This study aimed to identify and analyze correlates of dietary patterns in residents of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study including both men and women aged > 30 years (n = 930, weighted sample = 2,197). Factor analysis was applied to identify food consumption patterns, using a semi-quantitative questionnaire.

Hyperuricemia and associated factors: a cross-sectional study of Japanese-Brazilians.

This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and associated risk factors among Japanese-Brazilians. We obtained data on demographic, health history, food intake, and laboratory variables. Chi-square and prevalence ratios were used as measures of association.

Assessing food dietary intakes in Japanese-Brazilians using factor analysis.

We describe the use of factor analysis for assessing food habits in Japanese-Brazilians. Dietary data from 1,283 participants of a cross-sectional study were used. Besides statistical criteria, we also used the conceptual meaning of identified profiles to obtain scores for dietary patterns (Japanese or Western profile).

Birth order and childhood type 1 diabetes risk: a pooled analysis of 31 observational studies.

Background: The incidence rates of childhood onset type 1 diabetes are almost universally increasing across the globe but the aetiology of the disease remains largely unknown. We investigated whether birth order is associated with the risk of childhood diabetes by performing a pooled analysis of previous studies.

Methods: Relevant studies published before January 2010 were identified from MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE.

Fruit and vegetable intake by adults in Ribeirão Preto, Southeastern Brazil.

Objective: To assess fruit and vegetable intake by adults and identify sociodemographic and life style variables associated with this intake.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was performed in the urban area of the city of Ribeirão Preto, Southeastern Brazil, in 2006. Sample was selected using three-stage cluster sampling, with census tracts as primary units.

Predictive factors of non-deterioration of glucose tolerance following a 2-year behavioral intervention.

Aim: To identify predictive factors associated with non-deterioration of glucose metabolism following a 2-year behavioral intervention in Japanese-Brazilians.

Methods: 295 adults (59.7% women) without diabetes completed 2-year intervention program.

[Predictors of goal achievement in an intervention program among Japanese-Brazilians].

The aim of this study was to identify baseline factors associated with achieving goals after a 12-month lifestyle intervention program in a Japanese-Brazilian population, using adjusted logistic regression models. In 2005, 321 participants were overweight. The odds [OR (IC95%)] of reaching the goals after 12 months of intervention were directly related to female gender [2.

[Diabetes mellitus prevalence and associated factors in adults in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, 2006: OBEDIARP Project].

To identify diabetes mellitus prevalence and associated factors, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was developed including participants aged 30 years and older living in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil. Using three-stage cluster sampling, probability weights were applied, resulting in a weighted sample of 2,197 participants. Diabetes mellitus diagnosis was based on previous medical history or World Health Organization (WHO) cut-offs after oral glucose tolerance test.