Healing of a tooth with an overinstrumented apex, extensive transportation and periapical lesion using a 5 mm calcium hydroxide apical plug: an 8-year follow-up report.

Besides the risk of filling material extrusion throughout the apex, a satisfactory apical seal can be difficult to achieve in canals with open apices or iatrogenic enlargements of the apical constriction. These situations pose a challenge to root canal filling. This paper describes the root canal filling of a maxillary right canine with an overinstrumented apex, complete loss of the apical stop, extensive canal transportation and apical periodontitis.

Apical third enlargement of the root canal and its relationship with the repair of periapical lesions.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the apical third enlargement of root canal is the determinant factor for the repair of periapical lesions in endodontic treatment.

Methods: Eighty upper and lower incisors, canines and premolars with periapical lesions were randomly divided in 2 groups and were treated by undergraduate students. Canals were instrumented with up to 3 files in group I (n = 40) and up to 4 files in group II (n = 40) 1 mm short of the apex and were filled with a calcium hydroxide dressing.

Influence of apical foramen lateral opening and file size on cemental canal instrumentation.

Since instrumentation of the apical foramen has been suggested for cleaning and disinfection of the cemental canal, selection of the file size and position of the apical foramen have challenging steps. This study analyzed the influence of apical foramen lateral opening and file size can exert on cemental canal instrumentation. Thirty-four human maxillary central incisors were divided in two groups: Group 1 (n=17), without flaring, and Group 2 (n=17), with flaring with LA Axxess burs.

Relationship between files that bind at the apical foramen and foramen openings in maxillary central incisors--a SEM study.

Considering that instrumentation of the apical foramen has been suggested for root canal infection control, this study analyzed the relationship between the files that bind at the apical foramen and the foraminal openings in 50 maxillary central incisors. After preparation of the pulp chamber, access to the canal was obtained with #1 and 2 LA Axxess and K-files with tip cut were inserted up to the apical foramen until binding was felt. The files were fixed with methyl cyanoacrylate and the tooth-file sets were cross-sectioned 10 mm short of the apex.

Apical limit of root canal filling and its relationship with success on endodontic treatment of a mandibular molar: 11-year follow-up.

Objective: This article discusses the relationship between apical limit of root canal filling and success on endodontic treatment of a mandibular molar.

Study Design: A mandibular right first molar with vital pulp was endodontically treated, and 3 years later periapical lesions on mesial and distal roots were detected. The canals were retreated and obturated to the same levels as in the previous treatment.