Publications by authors named "Sue S Yom"

Purpose: NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations have been validated for radiation resistance in cell-based assays and animal models. However, clinical validation of these biomarkers has been challenging due to multimodality treatment regimens. This study aims to investigate the association between NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations and patient outcomes, including local failure (LF), locoregional failures (LRF), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), using samples from a phase III trial in which patients were treated with radiation monotherapy at 2 controlled doses.

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  • The study investigates the effectiveness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for measuring plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral load in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), comparing it to traditional PCR methods.
  • Results show that mNGS has comparable sensitivity and specificity to BAMHI-W PCR, and outperforms LMP2 PCR, indicating its reliability in detecting EBV.
  • Additionally, mNGS correlates with cancer recurrence, suggesting its potential as a non-invasive tool for monitoring disease status in patients with infection-related cancers.
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Purpose: We sent surveys to a large number of radiation oncologists with active thoracic cancer practices and applied the Delphi method over 3 rounds to generate consensus dose-volume histogram metrics. We used these results to create consensus-based organs-at-risk dose constraints and target goal templates for practical implementation.

Methods And Materials: In this institutional review board-approved study, data were collected using REDCap electronic data capture on a secure server.

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Background: Management of patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) when cisplatin is contraindicated is controversial. We aimed to assess whether radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant durvalumab would improve outcomes compared with radiotherapy with cetuximab.

Methods: NRG-HN004 was designed as an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, phase 2/3 trial with safety lead-in conducted at 89 academic and community medical centres in North America.

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Purpose: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer with a 40% recurrence rate, lacking effective prognostic biomarkers and surveillance methods. This prospective, multicenter, observational study aimed to evaluate circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker for detecting MCC recurrence.

Methods: Plasma samples, clinical data, and imaging results were collected from 319 patients.

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  • Locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) poses significant treatment challenges due to the absence of standardized guidelines for postoperative re-irradiation (re-RT).
  • This article reviews international recommendations for managing resectable cases of locally recurrent NPC, focusing on re-RT strategies and addressing controversial issues like surgical margins and resectability criteria.
  • The consensus suggests a clearer definition of resectability, optimal re-RT doses around 60 Gy, and emphasizes the potential benefits of hyperfractionation to minimize treatment toxicity, aiming to improve patient outcomes.
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  • Robust definitions of time-to-event endpoints are essential for evaluating treatment effects and the clinical value of interventions in trials.
  • The Head and Neck Cancer International Group reviewed 92 phase 3 trials from 2008 to 2021 focused on curative treatments for mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
  • The study found significant variability in how core endpoint components, like overall survival and progression-free survival, were reported, emphasizing the need for standardization and collaboration among stakeholders for clearer endpoint reporting.
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Transparent and precise endpoint definitions are a crucial aspect of clinical trial conduct and reporting, and are used to communicate the benefit of an intervention. Previous studies have identified inconsistencies in endpoint definitions across oncological clinical trials. Here, the Head and Neck Cancer International Group assessed endpoint definitions from phase 3 trials or trials considered practice-changing for patients with recurrent or metastatic mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, published between 2008 and 2021.

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Extranodal extension of tumour on histopathology is known to be a negative prognostic factor in head and neck cancer. Compelling evidence suggests that extranodal extension detected on radiological imaging is also a negative prognostic factor. Furthermore, if imaging detected extranodal extension could be identified reliably before the start of treatment, it could be used to guide treatment selection, as patients might be better managed with non-surgical approaches to avoid the toxicity and cost of trimodality therapy (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy together).

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  • Detection of extranodal extension (ENE) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma indicates a poor prognosis, but there's currently a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and reporting methods in the literature.
  • The Head and Neck Cancer International Group organized a modified Delphi process involving 19 pathology experts to establish consensus recommendations for diagnosing and reporting ENE.
  • The resulting guidelines, supported by 19 organizations from 34 countries, aim to standardize the diagnosis and improve accuracy in data collection regarding histology detected extranodal extension.
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Background: The health-care industry is a substantial contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, yet the specific environmental impact of radiotherapy, a cornerstone of cancer treatment, remains under-explored. We aimed to quantify the emissions associated with the delivery of radiotherapy in the USA and propose a framework for reducing the environmental impact of oncology care.

Methods: In this multi-institutional retrospective analysis and simulation study, we conducted a lifecycle assessment of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for ten anatomical disease sites, adhering to the International Organization for Standardization's standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.

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Purpose: Adjuvant radiation therapy (ART) for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is recommended based on a number of wide-ranging clinicopathologic features, which encompass a broad array of patients. The 40-gene expression profile (GEP) test classifies cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma tumors into low (class 1), higher (class 2A), or highest (class 2B) risk of nodal and/or distant metastasis. This study's hypotheses are as follows: (1) local recurrence is associated with metastatic disease progression and (2) 40-GEP, by identifying high risk for metastasis, could predict a metastasis-specific benefit from ART.

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The MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), a measure of swallowing-related quality of life, has become the preferred patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) in contemporary clinical trials evaluating the experience of human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPVOPSCC) survivors. With many potentially practice-changing studies using the MDADI composite score as either a primary or coprimary endpoint, or as a key secondary endpoint, it is important to understand its psychometric properties as judged by contemporary PROM standards, with a particular focus on its application to contemporary HPVOPSCC populations. In this critical review, we evaluate contemporary HPVOPSCC studies reporting MDADI outcomes, followed by a detailed evaluation of the psychometric properties of the MDADI.

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Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the awareness among United States (US) oncologists about oral medicine (OM) as a specialty of dentistry, and their collaboration with OM providers.

Methods: An online survey was conducted, inviting 1350 US oncologists, with data collected on demographics, practice background, comfort level with diagnosing and treating oral conditions, referral practices for oral conditions, and more.

Results: Of the invited 1350 oncologists, 192 responded (14% response rate).

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Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), expressed in the tumor microenvironment of a variety of cancers, has become a target of novel PET tracers. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the imaging characteristics of Ga-FAP-2286, present the first-to our knowledge-dosimetry analysis to date, and compare the agent with F-FDG and FAPI compounds. Patients were administered 219 ± 43 MBq of Ga-FAP-2286 and scanned after 60 min.

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  • A study investigated the effectiveness of combining vismodegib, a hedgehog pathway inhibitor, with radiation therapy for treating locally advanced, unresectable basal cell carcinoma (LA BCC).
  • The combination treatment led to a 91% locoregional control rate after one year, with high overall survival rates and very few serious side effects reported.
  • Patients also experienced significant improvements in their quality of life, particularly in emotional well-being and daily functioning, which lasted for at least a year after treatment.
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Background: An international multidisciplinary panel of experts aimed to provide consensus guidelines describing the optimal intratumoral and intranodal injection of NBTXR3 hafnium oxide nanoparticles in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and cervical lymph nodes and to review data concerning safety, feasibility, and procedural aspects of administration.

Methods: The Delphi method was used to determine consensus. A 4-member steering committee and a 10-member monitoring committee wrote and revised the guidelines, divided into eight sections.

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The Head and Neck Cancer International Group (HNCIG) has undertaken an international modified Delphi process to reach consensus on the essential data variables to be included in a minimum database for HNC research. Endorsed by 19 research organisations representing 34 countries, these recommendations provide the framework to facilitate and harmonise data collection and sharing for HNC research. These variables have also been incorporated into a ready to use downloadable HNCIG minimum database, available from the HNCIG website.

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Background: Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation impacts outcomes in various cancers. We examined this association in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients using the area deprivation index (ADI).

Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective cohort study on NPC patients treated with definitive radiotherapy from 1980 to 2023.

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Purpose: The effect of climate-driven events, such as wildfires, on health care delivery and cancer care is a growing concern. Patients with cancer undergoing radiation therapy are particularly vulnerable to treatment interruptions, which have a direct effect on survival. We report the results of a study characterizing the effect of wildfires on radiation oncology clinics and their patients.

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