Clinical Predictors of Malignancy in Patients with Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.

Background And Purpose: Factors associated with malignancy in patients with pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumors, Pheo) and paraganglioma (extra-adrenal, PGL) are not well-defined and all patients require lifelong surveillance. The primary aim of our study was to determine genetic and clinical variables associated with malignancy in patients with Pheo/PGL.

Methods: Single institution retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent surgery (1/95-1/15) for Pheo/PGL.

Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas: Outcomes and Analysis of Remission Rates and Tumor Biochemical Activity with Respect to Tumor Invasiveness.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes and complications of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) performed on patients with Cushing disease at our Pituitary Center during the past 11 years.

Methods: Clinical information and imaging in electronic medical records were reviewed for patients who underwent EEA. Statistical analysis was performed with χ testing and Student's t-test.

A 23-year-old female with a mixed germ cell tumor of the pituitary infundibulum: the challenge of differentiating neoplasm from lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis-a case report and literature review.

The pathologic spectrum of diseases that infiltrate the pituitary infundibulum includes a broad variety of clinical entities. There are significant differences in the prevalence of these etiologies depending on the age of presentation. Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH) predominates over other causes of infundibular disease in adults over age 21.

Discordance between growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 after pituitary surgery for acromegaly: a stepwise approach and management.

Introduction: Follow-up management of patients with acromegaly after pituitary surgery is performed by conducting biochemical assays of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1). Despite concordant results of these two tests in the majority of cases, there is increasing recognition of patients who show persistent or intermittent discordance between GH and IGF1 (normal GH and elevated IGF1 or vice versa).

Method: In this narrative review, the last three decades materials on the issue of discrepancy between GH and IGF1 were thoroughly assessed.

Endoscopic endonasal approach for growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas: outcomes in 53 patients using 2010 consensus criteria for remission.

We report the outcomes of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for resection of growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas using 2010 consensus criteria. We also assess outcomes with additional medical therapy and radiosurgery (RS) for patients not achieving remission with EEA alone. A retrospective review of 53 patients who had follow up endocrinologic data at least 3 months post-surgery was performed among patients who were treated by EEA between 1998 and 2012.

Imaging of the pituitary.

In the appropriate clinical setting of pituitary hyperfunction or hypofunction, visual field deficit, or cranial nerve palsy, imaging of the pituitary is necessary. This article reviews the normal appearance of the pituitary and its surroundings, emphasizing magnetic resonance imaging. Typical and variant appearances of pituitary pathology are discussed.

Hyperthyroidism after parathyroid exploration.

Background: We hypothesized that hyperthyroidism after parathyroid exploration may be an underreported phenomenon with a course more severe than recognized previously.

Methods: We examined pre- and postoperative thyroid function and outcomes in 199 consecutive patients who, since March 2000, had parathyroid exploration for primary sporadic hyperparathyroidism (HPTH). We excluded patients with prior thyroid or parathyroid surgery, preoperative thyroid medication, concurrent total thyroidectomy, or follow-up <5 months.