Clinical and Psychological Impact of Chronic Pain in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: The presence of pain can be associated with an exaggerated negative cognitive and emotional response, leading to worsening of existing symptoms. This study aimed to describe the multifaceted impact of chronic pain on cognition, emotional and physical health in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and to explore the clinical impact of pain.

Patients And Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional multicenter study was carried out in 68 people with COPD (COPD group) and 65 community-dwelling age-matched participants (control group).

Endurance cycle ergometry tests performed at a sub-maximal work rate elicit peak physiological and symptom responses in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Time to symptom limitation (T ) achieved during constant work rate tests is considerably more responsive to change than measures commonly recorded during ramp-based tests, such as peak rate of oxygen uptake and maximal work rate (W ). There is limited literature on the use of, and physiological and symptom responses to, constant work rate cycle ergometry tests in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The results of this study provide evidence that the constant work rate cycle ergometry test, when conducted at 80% of the W , elicits peak physiological and symptom responses and appears to be safe in adults with CF.

Increasing Walking Speed to Achieve a Pre-training Endurance Shuttle Walk Time of 5-10 min May Improve Test Responsiveness in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: The endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) was used to evaluate ground-based walking training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. During pre-training testing, those who walked 5-10 min on the first ESWT with minimal symptoms performed additional ESWTs at increasing speeds until they were at least moderately symptomatic and terminated the test between 5 and 10 min. This report compares participant characteristics and test responsiveness with participants grouped according to whether or not faster walking speeds were selected for the ESWT during pre-training testing.

Survivors of Acute Lung Injury Have Greater Impairments in Strength and Exercise Capacity Than Survivors of Other Critical Illnesses as Measured Shortly After ICU Discharge.

Purpose: To compare the physical function on ICU discharge in adults who survived an ICU admission for acute lung injury (ALI) with those admitted for a critical illness other than ALI.

Materials And Methods: Two groups were recruited, (i) those who survived an ICU admission for ALI and, (ii) those who survived an ICU admission for a critical illness other than ALI. Within 7 days of discharge from ICU, in all participants, measures were collected of peripheral muscle strength, balance, walking speed and functional exercise capacity.

High-Intensity Interval Training Is Effective at Increasing Exercise Endurance Capacity and Is Well Tolerated by Adults with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: To optimize outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), guidelines recommend 30 to 60 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on most days. Accumulating this volume of exercise contributes importantly to the substantial treatment burden associated with CF. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on exercise capacity in people with CF.

Use of supplemental oxygen during exercise testing and training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a survey of Australian pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine, in Australian pulmonary rehabilitation programs for people with COPD: (1) whether oxygen saturation (SpO) was monitored during exercise testing; (2) whether supplemental oxygen was available during exercise testing and/or training; (3) whether oxygen was prescribed during exercise training; and the reason for providing oxygen; (4) whether a protocol was available for supplemental oxygen prescription during exercise training.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional multi-center study using a purposed-designed survey. De-identified survey data were analyzed and the absolute number and percentage of responses were recorded for each question.

Using and implementing care bundles for patients with acute admission for COPD: qualitative study of healthcare professionals' experience in four hospitals in England.

Background: Care bundles are sets of evidence-based interventions to improve quality of hospital care at admission and discharge. Within a wider multi-method evaluation of care bundles for adults with an emergency admission for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a qualitative study was conducted. The aim was to evaluate how bundles were used, and healthcare professionals' experiences of the impact of bundles on the process of care delivery.

Effect of Using a Wheeled Walker on Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomised Cross-Over Trial.

Purpose: To determine the effects of providing a wheeled walker (WW) for use in the home and community, on daily physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: A randomised cross-over study in which participants with COPD characterised by a 6-min walk distance ≤ 450 m, who had recently finished pulmonary rehabilitation, completed two 5-week phases. During one phase, participants were provided a WW to use, whereas during the other phase, the WW was not available.

Variable agreement between wearable heart rate monitors during exercise in cystic fibrosis.

In people with cystic fibrosis (CF), greater cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with improved survival and quality of life. Wearable activity monitors are a popular method of monitoring exercise, with measures of heart rate used to indicate exercise intensity. We assessed the agreement of heart rate recordings obtained using the Fitbit Charge HR, Polar® H7 heart rate sensor and Masimo SET® Rad-5v pulse oximeter with the three-lead ECG during continuous and interval exercise.

A smartphone application for reporting symptoms in adults with cystic fibrosis improves the detection of exacerbations: Results of a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Respiratory exacerbations impair lung function and health-related quality of life in people with CF, with delayed identification of exacerbations often resulting in worse outcomes. We developed a smartphone application (app) for adults with CF to report symptoms to the CF team, and investigated its impact on antibiotic use and other outcomes.

Methods: Participants were randomised to intervention (use of the app weekly or sooner if symptoms had worsened) or control (usual care).

People With COPD Who Respond to Ground-Based Walking Training Are Characterized by Lower Pre-training Exercise Capacity and Better Lung Function and Have Greater Progression in Walking Training Distance.

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics that distinguish responders from nonresponders to ground-based walking training (GBWT) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: An analysis was undertaken of data collected during a trial of GBWT in people with COPD. Responders to GBWT were defined in 2 ways: (1) improved time on the endurance shuttle walk test of ≥190 sec (criterion A); or (2) improved ability to walk, perceived by the participant to be at least "moderate" (criterion B).

Evaluation of 'care bundles' for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a multisite study in the UK.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounts for 10% of emergency hospital admissions in the UK annually. Nearly 33% of patients are readmitted within 28 days of discharge. We evaluated the effectiveness of implementing standardised packages of care called 'care bundles' on COPD readmission, emergency department (ED) attendance, mortality, costs and process of care.

Abnormal Exercise Responses in Survivors of Acute Lung Injury During Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Purpose: This study compared exercise responses in individuals who had recently survived an admission to the intensive care unit for acute lung injury (ALI) with healthy controls.

Methods: Ten patients with ALI were recruited at 2 Australian hospitals. Six weeks after hospital discharge, participants completed lung function measures and a laboratory-based cardiopulmonary exercise test.

Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Decreased exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are common in people following lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Exercise training has been demonstrated to confer gains in exercise capacity and HRQoL for people with a range of chronic conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure, as well as in people with prostate and breast cancer. A programme of exercise training may also confer gains in these outcomes for people following lung resection for NSCLC.

Implementation of an ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Bypass Protocol in the Northern United Arab Emirates.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the translation of an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) bypass protocol to the outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Emirate of Ras al-Khaimah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted, which included all patients who had a prehospital 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) performed by ambulance crews. Analysis of those who were identified as having STEMI and who subsequently underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed.

Effects of Ongoing Feedback During a 12-Month Maintenance Walking Program on Daily Physical Activity in People with COPD.

This multi-centred, randomised controlled trial explored the effects of adding ongoing feedback to a 12-month unsupervised maintenance walking program, on daily physical activity (PA) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Participants were randomised to either an intervention group (IG) or a usual care group (UCG). During the maintenance program, the IG received ongoing feedback (telephone calls, biofeedback provided via pedometer and progressive goal setting) and the UCG received no feedback.

Higher Levels of Education Are Associated With Full-Time Work in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: This study sought to explore factors in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) that predicted whether (i) someone was engaged in full-time paid work, and (ii) those engaged in paid work reported problems with absenteeism and/or presenteeism.

Methods: Adults with cystic fibrosis who live in Western Australia completed absenteeism and presenteeism questions from the World Health Organization's Health Performance Questionnaire. The participants were grouped by work status (full time vs part time or unemployed) and by self-reported absenteeism and presenteeism (evidence of vs no evidence of).

Oxygen compared to air during exercise training in COPD with exercise-induced desaturation.

Almost half the patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) desaturate during exercise. Although oxygen supplementation may ameliorate oxygen desaturation, the effects on outcomes of exercise training have not been rigorously evaluated. This study aimed to determine whether supplemental oxygen during exercise training was more effective than medical air in improving exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with COPD.

The minimal detectable difference for endurance shuttle walk test performance in people with COPD on completion of a program of high-intensity ground-based walking.

Background: In people with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the minimal detectable difference (MDD) in endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) performance following exercise training is unclear. We sought to determine the MDD for ESWT performance following supervised ground-based walking training using anchor- and distribution-based approaches and report whether these values exceeded random variation in test performance.

Methods: Participants with COPD trained for 30-45 min, 2-3 times weekly for 8-10 weeks.

Effects of high intensity interval training on exercise capacity in people with cystic fibrosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: In people with cystic fibrosis (CF), higher exercise capacity is associated with better health-related quality of life (HRQoL), reduced risk of hospitalisation for a respiratory infection and survival. Therefore, optimisation of exercise capacity is an important treatment goal. The Australian and New Zealand clinical practice guidelines recommend that people with CF complete 30 to 60 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on most days of the week.

Behaviour change techniques to optimise participation in physical activity or exercise in adolescents and young adults with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions: a systematic review.

Participation in regular physical activity decreases the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease. However, the proportion of people who participate in the recommended amount of physical activity is low, with common barriers including competing interests and inclement weather. In people with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions, participation in physical activity is reduced further by disease-specific barriers, time burden of treatment and unpleasant symptoms during physical activity.

Walking-based activity and sedentary behavior in Saudi males with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: To compare walking-based activity and sedentary behavior between males with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy controls and to examine the association between dyspnea with time spent in walking-based activity and sedentary behavior in males with COPD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study of 30 males with COPD (age 62.0±5.

A smartphone application for reporting symptoms in adults with cystic fibrosis: protocol of a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: In people with cystic fibrosis (CF), exacerbations have been shown to have profound and prolonged negative effects such as reducing physical activity and health-related quality of life, increasing the rate of decline of lung function and healthcare costs, and ultimately increasing the risk of mortality. Delayed initiation of treatment following the signs of an exacerbation has been shown to be associated with failure to recover to baseline. Therefore, the late identification and treatment of an exacerbation due to delayed presentation will potentially worsen short-term and long-term outcomes.