Seizure and cognitive outcomes after resection of glioneuronal tumors in children.

Objective: Glioneuronal tumors (GNTs) are well-recognized causes of chronic drug-resistant focal epilepsy in children. Our practice involves an initial period of radiological surveillance and antiepileptic medications, with surgery being reserved for those with radiological progression or refractory seizures. We planned to analyze the group of patients with low-grade GNTs, aiming to identify factors affecting seizure and cognitive outcomes.

Interictal epileptiform discharges have an independent association with cognitive impairment in children with lesional epilepsy.

Objectives: The relative contribution of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) to cognitive dysfunction in comparison with the underlying brain pathology is not yet understood in children with lesional focal epilepsy.

Methods: The current study investigated the association of IEDs with intellectual functioning in 103 children with medication-resistant focal epilepsy. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to determine the independent contribution of IED features on intellectual functioning, after controlling for effects of lesional pathology, epilepsy duration, and medication.

Intelligence quotient improves after antiepileptic drug withdrawal following pediatric epilepsy surgery.

Objective: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have cognitive side effects that, particularly in children, may affect intellectual functioning. With the TimeToStop (TTS) study, we showed that timing of AED withdrawal does not majorly influence long-term seizure outcomes. We now aimed to evaluate the effect of AED withdrawal on postoperative intelligence quotient (IQ), and change in IQ (delta IQ) following pediatric epilepsy surgery.

Asymmetry of planum temporale constrains interhemispheric language plasticity in children with focal epilepsy.

Reorganization of eloquent cortex enables rescue of language functions in patients who sustain brain injury. Individuals with left-sided, early-onset focal epilepsy often show atypical (i.e.

Seizure outcome after extratemporal epilepsy surgery in childhood.

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe seizure outcome following surgery for focal extratemporal epilepsy and identify factors associated with prolonged postsurgical freedom from seizures.

Method: In this retrospective cohort study, children with drug-resistant focal extratemporal epilepsy were treated surgically and followed up in a single tertiary care centre between 1997 and 2008.

Results: Eighty children were identified for inclusion in the study (42 males, 38 females; median age 9y 1mo, range 3mo-18y 7mo).

Cognitive outcome after extratemporal epilepsy surgery in childhood.

Purpose: The present study aims to describe the cognitive profile of children with medically refractory extratemporal epilepsies who undergo focal surgery and to identify determinants for preoperative and postoperative cognitive level.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Children who underwent operations between 1997 and 2008 with a focal lesion in frontal, parietal, or occipital cortices and with a presurgical or postsurgical cognitive evaluation, were eligible for the study.

Advances in product release strategies and impact on bioprocess design.

Intracellular products such as recombinant insulin, which are typically produced in microbial host cells, demand a product release step to remove them from the cell. How this is performed determines the quantity of released contaminants, the particle size distribution of cell debris and the physical properties of the resultant process stream, which all impact on the performance of the downstream operations. Thus, achieving selective release of the desired product is crucial for improving the process economics.

Degradation of low rank coal by Trichoderma atroviride ES11.

A new isolate of Trichoderma atroviride has been shown to grow on low rank coal as the sole carbon source. T. atroviride ES11 degrades approximately 82% of particulate coal (10 g l(-1)) over a period of 21 days with 50% reduction in 6 days.

Pyridoxine-dependent seizures: a family phenotype that leads to severe cognitive deficits, regardless of treatment regime.

The neuropsychological and clinical histories of three male siblings affected by pyridoxine-dependent seizures with known homozygous antiquitin mutations are presented. Neuropsychological evaluation is reported from when the siblings were 11, 9, and 7 years of age. Two of the siblings had received early pyridoxine treatment (antenatal, 2-4 wks into pregnancy) and one had received late treatment (2mo postnatal).

Identification of population dynamics in sulfate-reducing consortia on exposure to sulfate.

The microbial population structure and function of a mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) maintained in anaerobic continuous bioreactors were tracked before and after a major perturbation, which involved the addition of sulfate to the influent of a bioreactor when operated at steady state at 35 degrees C, pH 7.8 and a 2.5 day residence time with feed stream containing 10 and 15 kg m(-3) sulfate as terminal electron acceptor and 19.

Exposure to sulfide causes populations shifts in sulfate-reducing consortia.

The shift in the community structure of a mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) at 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 1.