Alcohol and Cannabis Use Associated with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers among "All of Us" Cancer Survivors.

Background: Cancer survivors are at increased risk for cardiometabolic comorbidities following cancer treatment, which may be further exacerbated by cannabis and alcohol use. We aimed to examine the direct relationships of cannabis, alcohol, and the co-use of both substances with cardiometabolic risk factors and to explore disparities by race/ethnicity and sex.

Methods: Cross-sectional data were extracted from adult cancer survivors in the "All of Us" from 2018 to 2022.

Racial/Ethnic Disparities: Discrimination's Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life-An All of Us Cancer Survivors' Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Discrimination is associated with worse mental and physical health outcomes. However, the associations among cancer survivors are limited.

Objective: We examined whether discrimination is associated with HRQoL and whether adjusting for it reduces racial/ethnic disparities in HRQoL among cancer survivors.

Partners in vaccination: A community-based intervention to promote COVID-19 vaccination among low-income homebound and disabled adults.

Background: Care managers (CM) for low-income disabled clients may address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy with specific training.

Objective: To assess the Partners in Vaccination (PIV) that trained CMs of a homecare program for disabled adults to promote COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: We randomized 78 CMs to PIV intervention (N = 38) or control (N = 40).

Nativity differences in socioeconomic barriers and healthcare delays among cancer survivors in the All of Us cohort.

Purpose: We aimed to assess whether nativity differences in socioeconomic (SES) barriers and health literacy were associated with healthcare delays among US cancer survivors.

Methods: "All of Us" survey data were analyzed among adult participants ever diagnosed with cancer. A binary measure of healthcare delay (1+ delays versus no delays) was created.

Asian Ethnic Subgroup Disparities in Delays of Surgical Treatment for Breast Cancer.

Background: As Asian American breast cancer incidence rises, it is necessary to investigate the origins of differential breast cancer outcomes among Asian ethnic subgroups. This study aimed to examine disparities in delays of breast cancer surgery among Asian ethnic subgroups.

Methods: We obtained California Cancer Registry data on female breast cancer diagnoses and treatment from 2012 to 2017.

Bariatric surgery in patients with breast and endometrial cancer in California: population-based prevalence and survival.

Background: The number of bariatric surgeries performed in the United States has increased substantially since the 1990's. However, the prevalence and prognostic impact of bariatric surgery, or weight loss surgery (WLS), among patients with cancer are not known.

Objectives: We investigated the population-based prevalence of WLS in women with breast or endometrial cancer and conducted exploratory analysis to examine whether postdiagnosis WLS is associated with survival.

Insurance coverage change and survivorship care among young adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Objective: To (1) characterize change in type of insurance coverage among childhood cancer survivors from diagnosis to survivorship and (2) examine whether insurance change is associated with cancer-related follow-up care utilization.

Data Sources: Participants in this study were derived from the Project Forward study, a population-based, observational study of childhood cancer survivors in Los Angeles County that used California Cancer Registry data to identify participants.

Study Design: Multivariable logistic regression models incorporating survey nonresponse weights estimated the change in the marginal predicted probabilities of insurance change and survivorship care, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical covariates and clustering by treating hospital.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Allowing Additional Time in Cleaning Hospital Contact Precautions Rooms.

Increasing cleaning time may reduce hospital-acquired transmission of methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE). We constructed a cost-benefit model to estimate the impact of implementing an enhanced cleaning protocol, allowing hospital housekeepers an additional 15 minutes to terminally clean contact precautions rooms. The enhanced cleaning protocol saved the hospital $758 per terminally-cleaned room when accounting for only .

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and the Case to Cover Undocumented Immigrants in California.

Latinos have been affected at higher rates in California. These include undocumented immigrants who are the largest group of Californians that remains uninsured. This population has limited access to health care services and coverage options.

Evaluation of a Digital Diabetes Prevention Program Adapted for Low-Income Patients, 2016-2018.

Introduction: We examined the effects of a digitally delivered, type 2 diabetes mellitus prevention program (DPP) for a low-income population.

Methods: We conducted a nonrandomized clinical trial with matched controls. The intervention group was offered a digital DPP, a web-based and mobile-based program including 52 weeks of participation in an educational curriculum, health coaching, and peer support.

Insurance Coverage, and Having a Regular Provider, and Utilization of Cancer Follow-up and Noncancer Health Care Among Childhood Cancer Survivors.

The objective of this study was to assess the role of health insurance coverage on patterns of health care utilization and access to cancer-related follow-up and non-cancer care among childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Cross-sectional survey design was used. Childhood cancer survivors were from 2 large hospitals in Los Angeles County.

Evaluation of a digital diabetes prevention program adapted for the Medicaid population: Study design and methods for a non-randomized, controlled trial.

Previous studies have shown that lifestyle modification can successfully prevent or delay development of type 2 diabetes. This trial aimed to test if an underserved, low-income population would engage in a digital diabetes prevention program and successfully achieve lifestyle changes to reduce their risk of type 2 diabetes. Participants were recruited from three health care facilities serving low-income populations.

A Survey of Self-Management and Intrusiveness of Illness in Native Americans with Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as an important focus of national public health efforts because of the rapid increase in the burden of this disease. In particular, DM disproportionately affects Native Americans. Adequate management of DM requires that patients participate as active partners in their own care and much of patient activation and empowerment can be attributed to their experience with DM and self-care.

Telephone care management's effectiveness in coordinating care for Medicaid beneficiaries in managed care: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: To test the effectiveness of a telephone care management intervention to increase the use of primary and preventive care, reduce hospital admissions, and reduce emergency department visits for Medicaid beneficiaries with disabilities in a managed care setting.

Data Source: Four years (2007-2011) of Medicaid claims data on blind and/or disabled beneficiaries, aged 20-64.

Study Design: Randomized control trial with an intervention group (n = 3,540) that was enrolled in managed care with telephone care management and a control group (n = 1,524) who remained in fee-for-service system without care management services.

Colorectal cancer screening: what do women from diverse ethnic groups want?

Background: Little is known about factors associated with willingness to undergo colorectal cancer (CRC) screening for personal or public health benefit among women from diverse race/ethnic groups.

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with willingness to undergo CRC screening for personal and public health benefit among women from diverse race/ethnic groups.

Methods: We interviewed women aged 50 to 80 from four racial/ethnic groups from primary care clinics in 2003-2005.

Willingness to use tamoxifen to prevent breast cancer among diverse women.

Use of chemoprevention to prevent development of breast cancer among high-risk women has been limited despite clinical evidence of its benefit. Our goals were to determine whether knowledge of the benefits and risks of tamoxifen affects a woman's willingness to take it to prevent breast cancer, to define factors associated with willingness to take tamoxifen, and to evaluate race/ethnic differences. Women, ages 50-80, who identified as African American, Asian, Latina, or White, and who had at least one visit to a primary care physician in the previous 2 years, were recruited from ambulatory practices.

Using visual displays to communicate risk of cancer to women from diverse race/ethnic backgrounds.

Objective: This study evaluated how well women from diverse race/ethnic groups were able to take a quantitative cancer risk statistic verbally provided to them and report it in a visual format.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey was administered in English, Spanish or Chinese, to women aged 50-80 (n=1160), recruited from primary care practices. The survey contained breast, colorectal or cervical cancer questions regarding screening and prevention.

Does telephone care management help Medicaid beneficiaries with depression?

Objectives: While telephone care management has shown promise as a cost-effective approach to manage patients with depression, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of this method for Medicaid beneficiaries in managed care. This study examines a 1-year telephone care management intervention designed to help this low-income, hard-to-reach population enter and remain engaged with treatment.

Study Design: A randomized controlled trial of 499 Rhode Island Medicaid managed care beneficiaries with depression (all parents, average age of 35, and 90% women).

Influence of language barriers on outcomes of hospital care for general medicine inpatients.

Background: Few studies have examined whether patients with language barriers receive worse hospital care in terms of quality or efficiency.

Objective: : To examine whether patients' primary language influences hospital outcomes.

Design And Setting: Observational cohort of urban university hospital general medical admissions between July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2003.

Prevalence of obesity among children with chronic conditions.

New evidence suggests that children with chronic conditions may be predisposed to overweight and obesity. This study provides prevalence estimate of obesity for children and adolescents with select chronic conditions. We analyzed reported height and weight and the corresponding BMI from 46,707 subjects aged 10-17 years collected by the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH-2003).

Who is at risk for special health care needs: findings from the National Survey of Children's Health.

Objective: A conceptual model of risk factors for special health care needs in childhood was presented previously. This article uses that conceptual model to identify candidate variables for an exploratory empirical examination of the effects of factors that may increase or decrease the risk of developing a special health care need.

Methods: The National Survey of Children's Health was used for our analysis (N = 102 353).

Preferences for human papillomavirus testing with routine cervical cancer screening in diverse older women.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is increasingly being used to determine the optimal cervical cancer screening interval in older women. Little is known about women's attitudes toward HPV testing or how these attitudes may influence medical discussions about cervical cancer screening.

Methods: Preferences for HPV and concomitant Papanicolaou (Pap) testing were assessed through in-person interviews with diverse women aged 50 to 80 years recruited from community and university-based practices.

Association between cancer risk perception and screening behavior among diverse women.

Background: We measured the perception of breast, cervical, and colon cancer risks and screening in diverse women to examine the association between risk perception and screening behavior.

Methods: Cross-sectional telephone and in-person interviews of women aged 50 to 80 years were conducted in English, Spanish, or Chinese. The women were recruited from primary care practices in San Francisco, California (academic general internal medicine, family medicine, women's health practices, a community-based clinic in Chinatown, and the Community Health Network Clinics, which is affiliated with the San Francisco Department of Public Health), with at least 1 visit within the previous 2 years.

Preventive health care for children with and without special health care needs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the receipt of preventive health services for children with and without special health care needs and to identify predictors of these health services for children with special health care needs using nationally representative data.

Methods: Data from the 2002 and 2003 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys were analyzed. A total of 18,279 children aged 3 to 17 years were included in our study.