Research issues and strategies for genomic and proteomic biomarker discovery and validation: a statistical perspective.

The development and validation of clinically useful biomarkers from high-dimensional genomic and proteomic information pose great research challenges. Present bottlenecks include: that few of the biomarkers showing promise in initial discovery were found to warrant subsequent validation; and biomarker validation is expensive and time consuming. Biomarker evaluation should proceed in an orderly fashion to enhance rigor and efficiency.