Congenital pulmonary airway malformation in a 5 month old boy, complicated by pneumonia.

Congenital cystic lesions of the lung are rare. The most common congenital anomaly among them, involving the lower respiratory tract, is congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM), currently referred to as congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). They may be incidentally detected on prenatal or postnatal imaging.

Outcomes of urgent coronary artery bypass grafting in patients who have recently recovered from COVID-19 infection, with a median follow-up period of twelve months: our experience.

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a worldwide pandemic in 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Certain individuals are at higher risk, (age > 65 years, pre-existing lung or heart conditions, diabetes and obesity) especially those requiring cardiac surgery, including Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Here we present a case series of 11 patients, operated between April 2020 and April 2022, all of whom had recently recovered from COVID-19, who presented with unstable angina, and therefore required urgent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG).

COVID-19 presenting after Elective Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Lessons Learned.

Background: Cases of COVID-19 presenting after elective cardiac surgery are rare. Published literature suggests that such cases have a high morbidity and mortality rate. Here, we report a case of COVID-19 presenting after an elective, isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB).

Outcomes of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in non-dialysis-dependent patients with stage 2 and stage 3 chronic kidney disease.

Purpose: To assess the short-term outcomes in non-dialysis-dependent patients with stage 2 and stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD), undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB). To examine whether there was a difference in mortality between stage 2 and stage 3 CKD patients and whether mortality in diabetics was different compared to non-diabetics. Outcomes would be judged on the basis of possible cardiovascular, pulmonary, infective, neurological and renal complications, duration of stay at the intensive therapy unit (ITU), and overall duration of stay at the hospital.

Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Childhood Cancer.

Outcome of childhood cancer in low middle-income countries continues to be poor. One of the proposed reasons for this poor outcome is increased time spent in diagnosis and initiation of treatment. The present study was done to quantify the magnitude and types of time intervals in management of childhood cancer.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its association with adverse outcomes during induction phase of treatment.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy. Vitamin D inadequacy is now an internationally recognized health problem. Some relation has been observed between Vitamin D insufficiency and poor outcome in ALL though evidence is limited.