Pigments from pathogenic bacteria: a comprehensive update on recent advances.

Bacterial pigments stand out as exceptional natural bioactive compounds with versatile functionalities. The pigments represent molecules from distinct chemical categories including terpenes, terpenoids, carotenoids, pyridine, pyrrole, indole, and phenazines, which are synthesized by diverse groups of bacteria. Their spectrum of physiological activities encompasses bioactive potentials that often confer fitness advantages to facilitate the survival of bacteria amid challenging environmental conditions.

Quorum sensing inhibition and antibiofilm action of triterpenoids: An updated insight.

Development of biofilm is a protective strategy for invading bacterial pathogens against host immune response and administered antimicrobials. Quorum sensing (QS) mediated alteration of gene expression profile have been identified as the key modulator of biofilm dynamics. In the context of rapid and prompt emergence of antimicrobial resistance and tolerance, there is an urgent demand to develop alternatives to available interventions to control biofilm associated infections.

Quorum quenching activity of pentacyclic triterpenoids leads to inhibition of biofilm formation by .

The quorum quenching (QQ) potential of three pentacyclic triterpenoids, glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA), ursolic acid (UA) and betulinic acid (BA), representing distinct groups of compounds, was evaluated. Violacein production by and pyocyanin production by were severely affected by GRA, UA and BA, suggesting a perturbation of N-acyl homoserine lactone (ASL) based signaling. Molecular docking analysis revealed a possible interaction between ASL-synthase and ASL-dependent transcriptional activator homologs from and with common binding pockets for GRA, UA and BA.

A comprehensive and comparative study on the action of pentacyclic triterpenoids on Vibrio cholerae biofilms.

While serving as environmental reservoir for V. cholerae infection, biofilms are also crucial for intestinal colonization of the pathogen. Triterpenoids, a group of bioactive phytochemicals, have been tested for antibiofilm activity against model biofilm forming bacteria in recent times.