Incidence and Outcomes of Infectious Keratitis After Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Over 10 years From a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the incidence and outcomes of infectious keratitis after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) over 10 years in South India.

Methods: Patients who underwent CXL for progressive keratoconus between January 2011 and December 2020 and those with infectious keratitis were identified from an electronic database system. The clinical and microbiological profiles of those affected were extracted from the case files and included in the analysis, whereas viral keratitis was excluded.

Spectacle compliance postcataract surgery significantly improved vision function-related quality of life of adult patients in India: Evidence from a multicenter longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of avoidable blindness globally. This study aims to measure the changes in Vision function-related quality of life (VFQoL) before and after cataract surgery and identify the predictors of an improvement in these outcomes.

Methods: A multicenter, longitudinal cohort study was conducted.

Automated Image Segmentation of the Corneal Endothelium in Patients With Fuchs Dystrophy.

Purpose: To perform segmentation of specular microscopy (SM) images of the corneal endothelium for comparing average perimeter length (APL) between Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) patients and healthy subjects.

Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records of FECD patients and those with healthy endothelium was carried out to collect images of the endothelium. The images were segmented by modified U-Net, a deep learning architecture, followed by the Watershed algorithm to resolve merged cell borders (<5%).

Implications of Diagnostic Drops on Scheimpflug Tomography: The Proper Order for Clinical Testing.

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to study the impact of instillation of 1% fluorescein and mydriatics on measurements made by Scheimpflug imaging.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients who had measurements of corneal shape (maximum keratometry and best fit sphere of anterior and posterior corneal surfaces), pachymetry (at the pupil center, corneal apex, and thinnest location), and anterior chamber parameters (depth, volume, and angle of anterior chamber and corneal volume) using the Pentacam HR before and after the instillation of fluorescein and mydriatics. Group A had baseline measurements that were repeated 1.

Clinical Outcomes After Bilateral Implantation of a Trifocal Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lens in an Indian Population.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a presbyopia-correcting trifocal intraocular lens (IOL), AcrySof IQ PanOptix (TFNT00), in an Indian population.

Patients And Methods: This prospective, multicenter, observational, single-arm, post-marketing study included 67 patients undergoing cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of TFNT00 across five Indian sites. Postoperative outcomes were assessed at 3 months after second eye surgery.

Tube Obstruction of a Nonvalved Glaucoma Drainage Device by a Dislocated Soemmering's Ring.

The authors report a case of tube obstruction of a nonvalved glaucoma drainage device (Aurolab aqueous drainage implant; AADI) with a dislocated Soemmering's ring (SR) leading to a postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) spike after an initial IOP reduction. A 24-year-old man with bilateral aphakia, bilateral secondary glaucoma developed corneal decompensation in the left eye. The IOP in the left eye was 22 mm Hg with 3 topical IOP-lowering medications (timolol 0.

The effect of refractive surgery on blur thresholds.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure blur thresholds before and after refractive surgery.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary eye hospital in South India. Blur thresholds were measured for 30 young adult myopic patients 1 month prior to and after refractive surgery.

Extreme corneal flattening following collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus.

Purpose: To study the clinical, tomographic and densitometric features of eyes that showed >5 D of corneal flattening following collagen crosslinking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus and to identify preoperative predictive factors for such a response.

Methods: This was a retrospective case control study of 548 eyes with progressive keratoconus which had undergone epithelium-off CXL (Dresden protocol) with a follow-up of 1 to 10 years. Eyes that showed ⩾5 D corneal flattening in maximum keratometry (Kmax) following CXL (group A) were compared with one eye of the remaining patients in the same cohort (group B).

AcrySof IQ PanOptix Intraocular Lens Versus Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens and Trifocal Intraocular Lens: A Clinical Overview.

AcrySof IQ PanOptix Model TFNT00 (Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX) is a 1-piece aspheric hydrophobic presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens (IOL) launched in 2015. Unlike traditional trifocal IOLs that usually have an intermediate focal point of 80 cm, the PanOptix IOL is designed to have an intermediate focal point of 60 cm (arms-length), a more natural and comfortable working distance to perform functional tasks on computers, laptops, mobiles, among others. The non-apodized PanOptix IOL uses the ENhanced LIGHT ENergy (ENLIGHTEN; Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX) optical technology that provides high (88%) utilization of light energy, low dependence on pupil size in all lighting conditions, and a more comfortable near-to-intermediate range of vision than traditional trifocal IOLs.

Environmental factors in school classrooms: How they influence visual task demand on children.

Background: The key visual factors in a classroom environment include the legibility, angle subtended at the eye, illumination, contrast, and colour of the visual task. The study evaluated the visual environmental factors in the school classrooms.

Materials And Methods: The distance Visual Acuity (VA) demand was evaluated based on the size of visual task i.

Ocular Spot Fluorometer Equipped With a Lock-In Amplifier for Measurement of Aqueous Flare.

Purpose: To evaluate a custom-made ocular fluorometer for detection of intensity of light scatter (ILS) from the anterior chamber (A/C) as an objective measure of aqueous flare.

Methods: The fluorometer, equipped with a lock-in amplifier, was employed in the scatter mode to detect ILS from A/C. Measurements were performed with two illumination slit widths of 0.

Corneal epithelial permeability to fluorescein in humans by a multi-drop method.

Purpose: The permeability of the corneal epithelium to fluorescein Pdc is an indicator of the health of the ocular surface. It can be measured in a clinical setting by determining the accumulation of fluorescein in the stroma following administration of the dye on the ocular surface. Here we demonstrate a new multi-drop method for the measurement of Pdc by a spot fluorometer.

Are children with low vision adapted to the visual environment in classrooms of mainstream schools?

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the classroom environment of children with low vision and provide recommendations to reduce visual stress, with focus on mainstream schooling.

Methods: The medical records of 110 children (5-17 years) seen in low vision clinic during 1 year period (2015) at a tertiary care center in south India were extracted. The visual function levels of children were compared to the details of their classroom environment.

Do school classrooms meet the visual requirements of children and recommended vision standards?

Background: Visual demands of school children tend to vary with diverse classroom environments. The study aimed to evaluate the distance and near Visual Acuity (VA) demand in Indian school classrooms and their comparison with the recommended vision standards.

Materials And Methods: The distance and near VA demands were assessed in 33 classrooms (grades 4 to 12) of eight schools.

Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus in Pediatric Patients-Long-Term Results.

Purpose: To report the long-term outcome of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus in pediatric patients.

Methods: "Epithelium-off" CXL was performed in pediatric eyes with progressive keratoconus. Spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), retinoscopy, topography, and tomography were documented preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and annually thereafter.

Topographic, Tomographic, and Aberrometric Characteristics of Post-LASIK Ectasia.

Purpose: To report the refractive, topographic, tomographic, and aberrometric characteristics of post-LASIK ectasia; to compare these characteristics with normal post-LASIK controls; and to propose a comprehensive system to grade the severity of post-LASIK ectasia.

Methods: The refraction, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), magnitude, and location of the steepest and thinnest point on the cornea, the highest anterior and posterior surface elevation, the radius of best fit sphere, corneal asphericity, and corneal aberrations were measured in 50 eyes of 29 patients with post-LASIK ectasia. These were compared with corresponding parameters in 50 eyes that did not develop ectasia for more than 1 year after LASIK.

Utility values associated with diabetic retinopathy in Chennai, India.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate utility values associated with different severity stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in India by a direct elicitation method (time-trade off, TTO) and indirectly by questionnaire.

Methods: People with diabetes aged 40 years and over were recruited from an on-going DR epidemiology study and a laser clinic in Chennai, India. Utility values were elicited using the direct TTO method and indirectly through a validated questionnaire (EQ-5D).

Comparison of documentation time between an electronic and a paper-based record system by optometrists at an eye hospital in south India: a time-motion study.

Purpose: The adoption of electronic medical record (EMR) system is gradually increasing. However, various time-motion studies reveal conflicting data regarding time effectiveness on workflow due to computerization. One of the major issues for physicians is their uncertainty with EMRs' potential impact of time on workflow.