Assessment of the effect of two different doses of intranasal nitroglycerine spray on attenuation of haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic surgeries: A randomised, double-blinded study.

Background And Aims: The stress response to pneumoperitoneum can be deleterious due to its effects on haemodynamics, thereby increasing the morbidity. We intended to compare different doses of nitroglycerine nasal spray to obtund these responses and to look for any side effects.

Methods: After ethical committee clearance and clinical trials registration, 70 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were recruited.

A Comparative Study of Effect of 0.25% Levobupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine versus 0.25% Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block.

Context: Dexmedetomidine, an α-agonist, has been studied widely as an adjuvant to local anesthetics in regional anesthesia techniques to enhance the quality and duration of analgesia (DOA). It was hypothesized that addition of dexmedetomidine 0.5 ug.

Comparison of effects of volume-controlled and pressure-controlled mode of ventilation on endotracheal cuff pressure and respiratory mechanics in laparoscopic cholecystectomies: A randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: One of the pathophysiological consequences of pneumoperitoneum is variations in endotracheal cuff pressure (ETTc). Volume-controlled mode and pressure-controlled mode of ventilation being two modes of ventilatory strategies; we intended to find out variations in ETTc governed by respiratory mechanics between these two modes during laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

Methods: After obtaining ethics committee approval, this randomised (1:1), active-controlled, parallel-assigned study was done on 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

A new second-generation supraglottic airway device (Ambu AuraGain) versus intubating laryngeal mask airway as conduits for blind intubation - A prospective, randomised trial.

Background And Aims: The Ambu AuraGain is a new single-use supraglottic airway device with gastric channel, designed to facilitate intubation. The study aimed to assess the success rates of proper placement and intubation using Ambu AuraGain compared with intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA).

Methods: One hundred and twenty patients (18-60 years) were enrolled into this prospective, randomised, comparative study.

Development and validation of a questionnaire for a survey on perioperative fasting practices in India.

Background And Aims: Perioperative fasting guidelines have been published and updated to standardise practices. Hence, Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists decided to conduct a survey to assess the fasting practices and the food habits across India, which would be subsequently used for developing preoperative fasting guidelines for the Indian population. We detail and discuss herewith the content validity of the questionnaire developed for the survey.

Clonidine as a Sole Epidural Adjuvant in Combined Spinal-epidural: Clinical Study.

Background And Aims: Clonidine has been used as an epidural adjuvant along with local anesthetics; however, its use as a sole epidural adjuvant in combined spinal-epidural (CSE) anesthesia has not been explored; thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of clonidine as a sole epidural adjuvant in CSE on sensory and motor characteristics of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine given by subarachnoid route.

Methodology: A total of 60 patients belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classes I and II aged 18-60 years were randomized in two groups; group G300 and group GNS.

A Cyclometalated Ir Complex as a Lysosome-Targeted Photodynamic Therapeutic Agent for Integrated Imaging and Therapy in Cancer Cells.

Organelle-targeted photosensitizers (PSs) having luminescence properties are potential theranostic agents for simultaneous luminescence imaging and photodynamic therapy. Herein, we report a water-soluble luminescent cyclometalated Ir complex, Ir-Bp-Ly, as a lysosome-targeted theranostic probe. Ir-Bp-Ly exhibits exceptional photophysical properties, with good triplet-state quantum yield (0.

An Unsymmetrical Squaraine-Dye-Based Chemical Platform for Multiple Analyte Recognition.

The design of fluorescent molecular platforms capable of responding to multiple analytes is a topic of great interest. Herein, the use of a Zn -complexed unsymmetrical squaraine dye, Sq-Zn , as a chemical platform for recognizing structurally distinct analytes is reported. The squaraine ring is substituted on one side with a dipicolylamine unit, which acts as the metal ion receptor, whereas the other part of the molecule carries a dibutylaniline moiety, which is an electron donor.

A protein-dye hybrid system as a narrow range tunable intracellular pH sensor.

Accurate monitoring of pH variations inside cells is important for the early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer. Even though a variety of different pH sensors are available, construction of a custom-made sensor array for measuring minute variations in a narrow biological pH window, using easily available constituents, is a challenge. Here we report two-component hybrid sensors derived from a protein and organic dye nanoparticles whose sensitivity range can be tuned by choosing different ratios of the components, to monitor the minute pH variations in a given system.

Effect of melatonin on duration of delirium in organophosphorus compound poisoning patients: A double-blind randomised placebo controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Organophosphate compound poisoning (OPCP) is associated with high incidence of delirium. Melatonin has been tried in the treatment of delirium and has shown a beneficial effect in OPCP. This study was conducted to know the effect of melatonin on duration of delirium and recovery profile in OPCP patients.

"Antihemophilic factor is not the only answer for all factor VIII deficiencies." Case report of odontogenic infection in a patient with hemophilia A, complicated by factor VIII inhibitors, and managed by transfusion of antihemophilic factor and factor VIII inhibitor bypass activity.

Dental extraction in hemophiliacs with acquired inhibitors is always a risky procedure, which often presents a lot of problems associated with bleeding. A known case of hemophilia A complicated with factor VIII inhibitors and having odontogenic infection was successfully managed by transfusion of factor VIII inhibitor bypass activity (FEIBA) and antihemophilic factor. Past medical history was significant for multiple factor VIII transfusions.

How to write a research proposal?

Writing the proposal of a research work in the present era is a challenging task due to the constantly evolving trends in the qualitative research design and the need to incorporate medical advances into the methodology. The proposal is a detailed plan or 'blueprint' for the intended study, and once it is completed, the research project should flow smoothly. Even today, many of the proposals at post-graduate evaluation committees and application proposals for funding are substandard.

EFFECT OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE ON HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS DURING EXTUBATION. A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND STUDY.

Background: Extubation is known to produce significant hemodynamic disturbances. There is a need to avoid increase in heart rate and blood pressure in hypertensive and cardiac patients and in vascular, neuro and intraocular surgeries.

Aims: To study the ability of dexmedetomidine to attenuate the hemodynamic responses during extubation.

THE EFFECT OF A SINGLE DOSE OF MAGNESIUM SULPHATE AS AN ADJUVANT TO EPIDURAL BUPIVACAINE FOR INFRAUMBILICAL SURGERIES: A PROSPECTIVE DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL.

Context: Epidural anesthesia provides the advantage of segmental blockade and many adjuvants have been added to shorten the onset of action, improve the quality of analgesia and prolong the duration of analgesia. Magnesium sulphate(MgSO4) by virtue of its anti-iociceptive property has been administered by various routes.

Aim: To assess the effect of MgSO4 on the duration of onset of action of injection bupivacaine for epidural anesthesia in infraumbilical surgeries.

"ANESTHETIC SPARING EFFECT OF INTRAOPERATIVE LIGNOCAINE OR DEXMEDETOMIDINE INFUSION ON SEVOFLURANE DURING GENERAL ANESTHESIA".

Background: Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine are known to blunt the stress response to surgery, and have anesthetic sparing activity. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the anesthetic sparing effect of intravenous lidocaine with Dexmedetomidine infusion during sevoflurane based general anesthesia and also to assess their effects on hemodynamic parameters.

Methods: Forty-eight ASA I-II patients aged between 18-55 yr, scheduled for abdominal surgery lasting less than 2 h, performed under general anesthesia were enrolled and they were randomly allocated to Lidocaine(L), Dexmedetomidine (D) and Saline (S) groups of 16 each.

Comparative study of two doses of intrathecal dexmedetomidine as adjuvant with low dose hyperbaric bupivacaine in ambulatory perianal surgeries: A prospective randomised controlled study.

Background And Aims: Dexmedetomidine (DMT), as intrathecal adjuvant has been shown to successfully prolong duration of analgesia but delay the motor recovery. Hence, this study was designed to find out the dose of DMT which can provide satisfactory analgesia without prolonging motor block.

Methods: A total of 50 patients scheduled for elective perianal surgeries were randomly allocated to Groups C or D (n = 25).

Source investigation of the tar balls deposited along the Gujarat coast, India, using chemical fingerprinting and transport modeling techniques.

Deposition of tar balls (TBs) along the south Gujarat coast, situated on the west coast of India (WCI), commonly occurs during the southwest monsoon season. Several offshore oil fields off the Mumbai-Gujarat coast, and refineries along the coast might be sources of oil spills/leakages and lead to the formation of TBs. To identify the sources, we collected 12 TB samples from the beaches of Gujarat (Tithal, Maroli, Umbergam, and Nargol) during 15-17 July 2012 as well as samples of crude oils, namely, Cairn, NIKO, MSC Chitra, and two at Bombay High (BH).

Why do satellite imageries show exceptionally high chlorophyll in the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Bay during the Norteast Monsoon?

The Gulf of Mannar (GoM) and the Palk Bay (PB) are two least studied marine environments located between India and Sri Lanka. Exceptionally high chlorophyll a concentration in the GoM and the PB during the Northeast Monsoon (November-February) is a consistent feature in satellite imageries, which has been attributed to the intrusion of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) waters. The analyses of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and field chlorophyll data collected from 30 locations in the Indian sector of the GoM and the PB in January 2011 showed significant overestimations in the satellite data.

Effect of intraoperative Dexmedetomidine infusion on Sevoflurane requirement and blood glucose levels during entropy-guided general anesthesia.

Background: Dexmedetomidine has been shown to blunt the stress response to surgery. Hence a study was designed to evaluate the effect of intravenous (IV) Dexmedetomidine infusion during general anesthesia for abdominal surgeries on blood glucose levels and on Sevoflurane requirements during anesthesia.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients scheduled for abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were divided into Dexmedetomidine (D) group and Placebo (P) group of 20 each.

Effect of supplementation of low dose intravenous dexmedetomidine on characteristics of spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine.

Aims: Intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine with excellent sedative properties has been shown to reduce analgesic requirements during general anaesthesia. A study was conducted to assess the effects of IV dexmedetomidine on sensory, motor, haemodynamic parameters and sedation during subarachnoid block (SAB).

Methods: A total of 50 patients undergoing infraumbilical and lower limb surgeries under SAB were selected.

Thermohaline structure of an inverse estuary--The Gulf of Kachchh: measurements and model simulations.

The Gulf of Kachchh (GoK) is situated in the northeastern Arabian Sea. The presence of several industries along its coastal belt makes GoK a highly sensitive coastal ecosystem. In the present study, an attempt is made for the first time to study GoK thermohaline structure and its variability, based on field measurements and model simulations.