Characterization of () homologue gene in WSP-V2 and its regulation by the biocontrol agent OKC.

() is a protein kinase and plays an important role in the energy homeostasis of glucose repressible gene transcription. It derepresses glucose repressed genes and associated with pathogenesis and production of cell wall degrading enzymes in fungal species. In the present study, we identified and characterized homologue in the strain WSP-V2.

Global-level population genomics reveals differential effects of geography and phylogeny on horizontal gene transfer in soil bacteria.

Although microorganisms are known to dominate Earth's biospheres and drive biogeochemical cycling, little is known about the geographic distributions of microbial populations or the environmental factors that pattern those distributions. We used a global-level hierarchical sampling scheme to comprehensively characterize the evolutionary relationships and distributional limitations of the nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbionts of the crop chickpea, generating 1,027 draft whole-genome sequences at the level of bacterial populations, including 14 high-quality PacBio genomes from a phylogenetically representative subset. We find that diverse taxa perform symbiosis with chickpea and have largely overlapping global distributions.

Metallic glass ultrathin films with hierarchical structure and their dynamic and thermodynamic behavior.

Metallic glass (MG) ultrathin films with hierarchical structure were in situ grown and characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy. A reversible dynamic behavior is observed at 77 K indicating a high mobility within the Fe85Sc15 MG ultrathin films. The complete scheme of the phase transition from amorphous solid to supercooled liquid and further to the crystalline phase is depicted.

Graphene tailored by FeO nanoparticles: low-adhesive and durable superhydrophobic coatings.

This study reports stable superhydrophobic FeO/graphene hybrid coatings prepared by spin coating of the FeO/graphene/PDMS mixed solution on titanium substrates. By tailoring graphene sheets with FeO nanoparticles, the superhydrophobicity of graphene platelets was largely enhanced with a water contact angle of 164° and sliding angle <2°. FeO nanoparticles interact with FLG sheets Fe-O-C covalent link, to form a graphene micro-sheet pinned strongly by nano-sized FeO.

Trichoderma mediate early and enhanced lignifications in chickpea during Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris infection.

Lignifications in secondary cell walls play a significant role in defense mechanisms of plants against the invading pathogens. In the present study, we investigated Trichoderma strain specific lignifications in chickpea plants pre-treated with 10 potential Trichoderma strains and subsequently challenged with the wilt pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.

Compatible Rhizosphere-Competent Microbial Consortium Adds Value to the Nutritional Quality in Edible Parts of Chickpea.

Chickpea is used as a high-energy and protein source in diets of humans and livestock. Moreover, chickpea straw can be used as alternative of forage in ruminant diets. The present study evaluates the effect of beneficial microbial inoculation on enhancing the nutritional values in edible parts of chickpea.

Enhanced intravenous transgene expression in mouse lung using cyclic-head cationic lipids.

Herein, we report enhanced intravenous mouse lung transfection using novel cyclic-head-group analogs of usually open-head cationic transfection lipids. Design and synthesis of the new cyclic-head lipid N,N-di-n-tetradecyl-3,4-dihydroxy-pyrrolidinium chloride (lipid 1) and its higher alkyl-chain analogs (lipids 2-4) and relative in vitro and in vivo gene transfer efficacies of cyclic-head lipids 1-4 to their corresponding open-head analogs [lipid 5, namely N,N-di-n-tetradecyl-N,N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride and its higher alkyl-chain analogs, lipids 6-8] have been described. In stark contrast to comparable in vitro transfection efficacies of both the cyclic- and open-head lipids, lipids 1-4 with cyclic heads were found to be significantly more efficient (by 5- to 11-fold) in transfecting mouse lung than their corresponding open-head analogs (5-8) upon intravenous administration.