Association between Hematological Parameters and Severity of COVID-19 disease.

Background: This study aimed to determine the relationships between hematological parameters- hemoglobin, Total Leucocyte Counts (TLC), platelet counts, Absolute Neutrophil Counts (ANC), Absolute Lymphocyte Counts (ALC), Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index (SII), Neutrophil Monocyte Ratio (NMR), Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and the severity of COVID-19 disease and their use in predicting severity of COVID-19 disease.

Methods And Material: This was a prospective, observational, single-center study of 573 symptomatic adult inpatients of COVID 19 admitted to our tertiary care center.

Statistical Analysis Used: The above-mentioned hematological parameter levels were noted and compared between the two categories of COVID-19 disease, namely non-severe and severe COVID-19 using logistic regression methods.

Association between serum osteocalcin and atherosclerosis in Type-2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The past few decades have seen a marked increase in the macrovascular complications of Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) such as coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and cerebrovascular disease. This has been predominantly attributed to the increased atherosclerosis in these patients. Atherosclerosis usually remains an asymptomatic condition and this poses a significant challenge in its early diagnosis and timely intervention.

Osteocalcin and Metabolic Syndrome.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome which is a syndrome complex that is associated with insulin resistance. Osteocalcin (OC), a bone derived protein has been found to decrease insulin resistance and stimulate production of insulin from the pancreas. Serum osteocalcin levels correlate with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference.

Unveiling the masked native blood group following thalidomide therapy in a thalassemia patient: A 5 WHY analysis approach.

Blood grouping discrepancy in patients with hematological disorders can occur due to red cell sensitization following transfusion, transplantation, and pregnancy or pre-analytical errors. Prompt initiation of root cause analysis is vital to avoid complications of wrong blood transfusion. We present an unusual case of Rh mismatched grouping report of 24 year old female thalassemia patient being managed in our hospital since 2015.

Design of dual hormone blood glucose therapy and comparison with single hormone using MPC algorithm.

The complete automated control and delivery of insulin and glucagon in type 1 diabetes is the developing technology for artificial pancreas. This improves the quality of life of a diabetic patient with the precise infusion. The amount of infusion of these hormones is controlled using a control algorithm, which has the prediction property.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release as the initial presentation of adenocarcinoma of the colon.

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH) is a condition defined by the unsuppressed release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland or nonpituitary sources or its continued action on vasopressin receptors. Of the many causes of SIADH, an important one includes tumours that secrete ADH. We describe a rare case of a patient with colonic adenocarcinoma presenting initially as SIADH.

Predictive performance of traditional and novel lipid combined anthropometric indices to identify prediabetes.

Background And Aims: Diabetes mellitus is one of the critical public health challenges in the Indian healthcare scenario. Novel anthropometric indices are promising surrogate markers to detect prediabetes compared to the traditional anthropometric indices that only reflect gross obesity. Thus, the authors aim to analyse the potential of three novel lipid combined anthropometric indices in predicting prediabetes in the Asian Indian population.

Factors associated with outcomes in organophosphate and carbamate poisoning: a retrospective study.

Organophosphate and carbamate (OPC) poisoning is a major global health hazard requiring immediate medical intervention. Atropine (ATR) is an essential antidote in organophosphate and carbamate poisoning, with the inclusion of cholinesterase reactivators and other anticholinergics, namely pralidoxime (PAM) and glycopyrrolate (GPR). This study aimed to compare the efficacy of various treatment regimens and identify the factors affecting mortality.

Blood glucose regulation and control of insulin and glucagon infusion using single model predictive control for type 1 diabetes mellitus.

This study elaborates on the design of artificial pancreas using model predictive control algorithm for a comprehensive physiological model such as the Sorensen model, which regulates the blood glucose and can have a longer control time in normal glycaemic region. The main objective of the proposed algorithm is to eliminate the risk of hyper and hypoglycaemia and have a precise infusion of hormones: insulin and glucagon. A single model predictive controller is developed to control the bihormones, insulin, and glucagon for such a development unmeasured disturbance is considered for a random time.

Acute tension hydrothorax in chronic liver disease secondary to spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture.

Pleural effusion in liver cirrhotics is more commonly transudative. A transudative pleural effusion secondary to ascites in decompensated cirrhosis is also known as hepatic hydrothorax and is usually due to fluid seepage through congenital pores in the diaphragm. The patient, a known case of decompensated chronic liver disease, presented with a massive, left-sided, rapidly accumulating and transudative pleural effusion secondary to spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to hypercalcaemia: a rare cause.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological entity described by Hinchey in late 90's, characterised by variable associations of seizure activity, consciousness impairment ranging from confusion to coma, headaches, visual abnormalities, nausea/vomiting and focal neurological signs. Common causes are accelerated hypertension, eclampsia, preeclampsia, cytotoxic drug use and autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.We report a case of PRES in a 62-year-old female patient due to hypercalcemia secondary to vitamin D toxicity on treatment with calcium supplements and vitamin D for secondary hypoparathyroidism.

Clinical research training and capacity building for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases: A programme in India.

Background.: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs)-a term which includes diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and mental illness-are now the major cause of death in India and pose healthcare and economic challenges. There is an urgent need for enhanced clinical research training and capacity building for NCD prevention and control in India.

Body composition analysis, anthropometric indices and lipid profile markers as predictors for prediabetes.

Objectives: To compare different anthropometric indices, Body composition analysis and lipid profile markers in terms of their ability to predict prediabetes (PD).

Methods: We enrolled 83 subjects with PD and 84 normoglycemic subjects who were matched for age and gender. The diagnosis of prediabetes was done according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria.

A case of H3N2 complicated by acute kidney injury secondary to rhabdomyolysis.

H3N2 was first detected in July 2011 in the USA. It is responsible for sporadic cases of influenza and localised outbreaks and has not yet taken over on an epidemic or pandemic scale. An 84-year-old man presented with a dry cough, fever and myalgia for 3 days.

Escitalopram Induced SIADH in an Elderly Female: A Case Study.

Hyponatraemia is a well-established and potentially, a life-threatening adverse effect of selective serotonin receptor uptake inhibitors (SSRI). However, its occurrence secondary to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) with escitalopram, has been reported extremely sporadically. The reporting of such rare, but life-threatening adverse effects of escitalopram assumes immense significance in light of the fact that SSRIs presently form the mainstay of treatment of depressive disorders.

Recognition of possible risk factors for clinically significant drug-drug interactions among Indian people living with HIV receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy and concomitant medications.

Background: Greatest challenges for clinician is to recognize risk factors for clinically significant drug interactions (CSDIs). There is a lack of awareness about CSDIs among healthcare professionals in India.

Objective: To recognize all possible risk factors for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and to identify clinically significant drug interactions (CSDIs), the prevalence, pattern of occurrence of DDIs in People Living with HIV (PLW-HIV) receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and concomitant medications.

Effectiveness of self-management programmes in diabetes management: A systematic review.

Background: Diabetes is a major noncommunicable disease, which is increasing, and approximately 415 million people are affected around the globe. Since diabetes is a lifelong disease, patients require better understanding and knowledge of the condition to become self-reliant in making diabetes-related decisions.

Aims: This systematic review was performed to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management programs in people with type 2 diabetes.

Hemi-Chorea in a Patient with Ketotic Hyperglycemia: An Unusual Presentation.

Chorea has often been associated with lesions in the basal ganglia and in the sub thalamic nucleus. It is possible for a patient with chorea-ballismus to have hyperglycemia at the initial presentation. We hereby present a case of an 81-year-old female, who was on treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus and presented to us with sub acute onset of abnormal movements of right side of the body.

An Uncommon Presentation of Brucella Endocarditis Masquerading as Neurobrucellosis.

Brucella endocarditis is a rare but a severe complication of brucellosis, observed in less than 2% of cases. It is the main cause responsible for up to 80% of deaths in brucellosis. Herein, we present a case of brucella endocarditis that developed on a native aortic valve, but presented to us with fever for several months and acute neurological symptoms.

Excellent and durable response to radiotherapy in a rare case of spinal cord compression due to extra-medullary hematopoiesis in β-thalassemia intermedia: case report and clinicoradiological correlation.

Spinal cord compression (SCC) is an unusual sequale of extra-medullary hematopoiesis (EMH). We report a patient diagnosed with β-thalassemia intermedia at the age of 7 years presenting as a 24-year-old with symptoms suggestive of paraparesis. MR imaging revealed long masses of EMH opposite T5-T11 and L5-S2 vertebrae with cord compression at T6 vertebrae.