Accuracy of Tumor Bed Biopsy for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response After Chemotherapy Among Women With Breast Cancer: Complete Responders in the Breast Study.

Purpose: With the advent of taxanes and targeted agents in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer, the rates for pathologic complete response (pCR) have been steadily increasing. Surgery in these women serves as a biopsy to confirm or negate a pCR.

Methods: All newly diagnosed patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer, planned for NACT, were screened.

Utility of GATA-3 and associated immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma.

Aims: The aims are to study the utility of GATA-3 along with panel of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers in the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma (UC).

Settings And Design: This is a prospective and retrospective observational study.

Subjects And Methods: Poorly differentiated carcinomas of urinary tract and metastatic sites from January 2016 to December 2017 were subjected to a panel of four IHC markers including GATA-3, p63, Cytokeratin (CK) 7, and CK20.

Frequency of Nucleophosmin 1 Expression by Immunohistochemistry in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutation is one of the most common recurring genetic abnormalities seen in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Immunohistochemistry serves as a cost effective and simple surrogate testing method for detection of NPM1 mutation. This study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of aberrant cytoplasmic nucleophosmin 1 expression in leukemic blast cells on formalin fixed bone marrow trephine biopsy (BMB) sections and also to correlate this data with the reference molecular method (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR and gene sequencing), where available.

Circulating tumor cell assay to non-invasively evaluate PD-L1 and other therapeutic targets in multiple cancers.

Biomarker directed selection of targeted anti-neoplastic agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies form an important aspect of cancer treatment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of the tumor tissue is the method of choice to evaluate the presence of these biomarkers. However, a significant barrier to biomarker testing on tissue is the availability of an adequate amount of tissue and need for repetitive sampling due to tumor evolution.

The core four - A panel of immunohistochemistry markers to diagnose and subtype testicular germ cell tumors.

Context: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) to differentiate germ cell tumors.

Aims: The aim of the study is to differentiate seminomatous and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (GCTs) with morphological overlap using a minimal and affordable panel of IHC markers.

Settings And Design: This is a retrospective observational study.

Primary intracranial extra-skeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of right lateral ventricle with EWSR1 gene fusion: a case report and review of literature.

Background: Primary intracranial malignancies with extra-skeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) features are extremely rare. EMC constitutes a distinct genomic entity characterised by reciprocal translocation of fusion genes, most commonly EWS RNA Binding Protein 1 (EWSR1) in 22q12 with Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 3 (NR4A3) in 9q2-q31.1.

Diagnosis of pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma of scapula on limited biopsy: A rare and challenging entity.

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is a soft-tissue tumor of intermediate malignant potential, recognized as a separate entity in the WHO (World Health Organization) classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone, in 2013. This is a case report of a 33-year-old man with intraosseous scapular PHE reported on small biopsy and immunohistochemistry. The patient presented with local recurrence and metastases even after wide local excision and adjuvant radiotherapy after 14 months.

GATA-3 Expression in all Grades and Different Variants of Primary and Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma.

Urothelial carcinoma has a varied and wide histological spectrum posing a diagnostic challenge in H&E examination alone. Immunohistochemical markers like GATA-3 along with other appropriate panel of IHC can be used. However, the percentage positivity and its intensity may vary in different variants and grades of primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Accuracy of digital mammography, ultrasound and MRI in predicting the pathological complete response and residual tumor size of breast cancer after completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is the standard of care for the treatment of locally advanced or non-metastatic breast cancer, which may increase the chances of breast conservative surgery (BCS) in place of radical mastectomy without compromising on the overall survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of mammography (MG), ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the complete response and to assess the extent of residual breast cancer in women treated with NACT.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six consecutive patients with stage II or III breast cancer, who underwent imaging evaluation of breast with digital mammogram, US, and MRI after NACT and before the breast surgery, were included in the study.

FISH for EWSR1 in Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors: Experience from a tertiary care cancer center.

Background: : Molecular confirmation of histologic diagnosis has become mandatory for the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT).

Aim: To validate the diagnosis made by morphology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) for EWSR1 rearrangement on formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. Settings and design: A retrospective and prospective observational study.

Plasmablastic Lymphoma: A Clinicopathological Study from a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in South India.

 Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare aggressive B cell lymphoma that is commonly encountered in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this case series, we describe the clinicopathological features of cases of PBL seen at a tertiary care center in South India.  Medical records of patients diagnosed with PBL between January 2009 and November 2017 were reviewed.

Ewing Sarcoma With Emphasis on Extra-skeletal Ewing Sarcoma: A Decade's Experience From a Single Centre in India.

Introduction: The diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT) is challenging, especially in adults and in extra-skeletal or visceral location. Several morphologic mimics with varied treatment options and prognosis confer diagnostic dilemmas. Application of ancillary diagnostic modalities in surgical pathology in clinical routine has enabled accurate diagnosis of ESFT in bone, soft tissues, and viscera.

Differentiation of renal cell tumors with morphological cocktails using a minimal panel of immunohistochemical markers.

Context: Morphological cocktails in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Aims: Minimal immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel to resolve the diagnosis of renal cell cacinoma (RCC) with morphological overlaps.

Settings And Design: RCC is the most common malignancy in kidney accounting for 90% of all kidney cancers.

Immunohistochemical and Molecular Characterization of Endometrial Stromal Sarcomas.

Introduction: Endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) are rare and characterized by translocations t(7;17)(p15;q11.2) and t(10;17)(q22;p13), resulting in and gene fusions used for defining low-grade (LG-ESS) and high-grade (HG-ESS) tumours.

Aim: The objective of the study was to characterize ESSs using immunohistochemical and molecular markers.

Gingival Angiosarcoma: A Case Report and Clinicopathologic Review of 32 Cases of Primary Gingival Angiosarcoma.

Angiosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin arising from vascular endothelium and most commonly involves extremities. Gingival angiosarcoma is a rare sporadic occurring tumor. We report a case of primary angiosarcoma of gingiva along with a review of 31 cases of primary gingival angiosarcoma reported in literature till 2018.

Isolated cerebral aspergillus abscess as a complication of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a child.

Background: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) poses a risk of opportunistic infections with a variety of organisms with being the most common pathogen followed by mycobacteria and fungi.

Case Presentation: A 7-year-old female child, presented with headache and multiple episodes of vomiting. There was no fever or altered sensorium.

The Impact of Stage and Molecular Subtypes on Survival Outcomes in Young Women with Breast Cancer.

Young women form a unique cohort in breast cancer, with evidence suggesting a later stage at presentation with more aggressive cancers. We aimed at evaluating the prognostic significance of young age and the impact of stage and molecular subtypes on survival. We conducted an audit of a prospectively maintained database at our institute between 2010 and 2014.

Uterine Sarcomas: Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Care Center from India.

Uterine sarcomas are uncommon and aggressive tumors comprising 3-7% of all uterine malignancies. The aim is to evaluate clinical presentation, histopathologic pattern, recurrence pattern, and outcome of patients with uterine sarcomas presenting to a tertiary care cancer center over an 8-year period. A total of 11 cases of uterine sarcoma were diagnosed.

Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Primary Surgery Versus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery in Gastric Carcinoma.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer can treat micro metastatic disease and can increase the resectability rate. The trial was to compare early outcomes after primary surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery in gastric adenocarcinoma. The primary aim of the study was to compare resectability and R0 resection rates in upfront surgery v/s chemotherapy followed by surgery arm.

Carcinosarcoma of Tongue with Predominant Osteosarcomatous Component.

Carcinosarcoma is exceedingly rare in the oral cavity and shows presence of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. We report a case of carcinosarcoma of tongue in a 51-year-old male with predominant osteosarcomatous and squamous cell carcinoma components. There was no evidence of regional or systemic metastatic disease.

Anorectal Malignant Melanoma-Defining the Optimal Surgical Treatment and Prognostic Factors.

Patients with anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM) have a poor prognosis. Optimal surgical treatment is not defined. The aim of the study was to define the surgical treatment for ARMM, to compare the overall survival (OS) of abdomino-perineal resection (APR) and wide local excision (WLE) and to study various prognostic factors.

Torsion Ovary, an Unusual Presentation of Carcinoma Appendix Detected in Whole-Body F-18 2-Fluoro 2-deoxy Glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scan.

Torsion ovary is one of the common emergencies in gynecology requiring surgery. Torsion ovary is generally caused by cystic lesions of ovary and benign tumors. Malignant tumors rarely present as torsion ovary.

Predicting the molecular subtype of breast cancer based on mammography and ultrasound findings.

Aim: To determine the correlation between mammography and ultrasound features of breast cancer with molecular subtypes and to calculate the predictive value of these features.

Materials And Method: This is a prospective study of consecutive patients with breast cancer presenting between January 2016 and July 2017, who underwent mammography and/or ultrasound of breast and excision of the breast mass. Patients with contralateral breast mass, metastases, h/o prior cancer treatment, and other malignancies were excluded.