Simultaneous TIRF imaging of subplasmalemmal Ca dynamics and granule fusions in insulin-secreting INS-1 cells reveals coexistent synchronized and asynchronous release.

The basal and glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells is a tightly regulated process that is triggered in a Ca-dependent fashion and further positively modulated by substances that raise intracellular levels of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) or by certain antidiabetic drugs. In a previous study, we have temporally resolved the subplasmalemmal [Ca] dynamics in beta cells that are characterized by trains of sharply delimited spikes, reaching peak values up to 5 µM. Applying total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and synaptopHluorin to visualize fusion events of individual granules, we found that several fusion events can coincide within 50 to 150 ms.

The epidemiology of adults' eyelid malignancies in Germany between 2009 and 2015; An analysis of 42,710 patients' data.

Purpose: We report the incidence of malignant tumors of the eyelid in Germany between 2009 and 2015.

Methods: Data pertaining to the period between 2009 and 2015 were extracted from the German Cancer Registry. The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology-3 codes for tumors of the eyelid or canthus were used to identify incidence rates and survival probabilities.

Integrin alpha5beta1 function is regulated by XGIPC/kermit2 mediated endocytosis during Xenopus laevis gastrulation.

During Xenopus gastrulation alpha5beta1 integrin function is modulated in a temporally and spatially restricted manner, however, the regulatory mechanisms behind this regulation remain uncharacterized. Here we report that XGIPC/kermit2 binds to the cytoplasmic domain of the alpha5 subunit and regulates the activity of alpha5beta1 integrin. The interaction of kermit2 with alpha5beta1 is essential for fibronectin (FN) matrix assembly during the early stages of gastrulation.