Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacogenetic Predictors of Major Bleeding Events in Patients with an Acute Coronary Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Combined Antithrombotic Therapy.

This study's objective was to evaluate the effects of pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic factors on major bleeding in patients with ACS and non-valvular AF receiving combined antithrombotic therapy consisting of rivaroxaban, clopidogrel, and aspirin as part of dual or triple therapy. A prospective observational study was conducted in two PCI centers in Moscow, the Russian Federation, from 2017 to 2018. One hundred patients with ACS and AF were enrolled.

[Safety performance of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and advanced chro-nic kidney disease].

Aim To evaluate safety of using rivaroxaban in patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) or transient, stable decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to 15-29 ml /min / 1.73 m2 in the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods This multicenter prospective, randomized study included patients admitted to cardiology departments from 2017 through 2019.

Controlling the Local Electronic Properties of Si(553)-Au through Hydrogen Doping.

We propose a quantitative and reversible method for tuning the charge localization of Au-stabilized stepped Si surfaces by site-specific hydrogenation. This is demonstrated for Si(553)-Au as a model system by combining density functional theory simulations and reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy experiments. We find that controlled H passivation is a two-step process: step-edge adsorption drives excess charge into the conducting metal chain "reservoir" and renders it insulating, while surplus H recovers metallic behavior.

Magnesium K-Edge NEXAFS Spectroscopy of Chlorophyll a in Solution.

The interaction of the central magnesium atom of chlorophyll a (Chl a) with the carbon and nitrogen backbone was investigated by magnesium K near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy in fluorescence detection mode. A crude extract of Chl a was measured as a 1 × 10 mol/L ethanol solution (which represents an upper limit of concentration without aggregation) and as dried droplets. For the first time, the investigation of Mg bound to Chl a in a liquid environment by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated.

[Comparison of the efficacy and safety of electrical cardioversion and pharmacological cardioversion with nibentan in patients with persisting atrial fibrillation and flutter].

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of pharmacological cardioversion (PC) by nibentan, a class III antiarrhythmic agent, and electrical cardioversion (EC) in patients with persisting atrial fibrillation (AFib) and atrial flutter (AFI) receiving basic antiarrhythmic therapy. Ninety-seven patients with persisting AFib and AFI were included in the trial (45 patients constituted PC group, and 52 constituted EC group). Both groups were comparable according to basic demographic and clinical parameters as well as antiarrhythmic therapy being applied.

[Anginal States provoked by psychogenic stimuli. To the problem of psychosomatic reactions in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Two types of vulnerability of coronary vessels damaged by atherosclerosis were proposed basing on results of a study of 94 patients with psychosomatic reactions accompanied with ischemia or myocardial infarction. First variant (35 patients) was characterized by stable course of the disease (high effort angina without coronary catastrophes, episodes of unstable angina, etc.) and selective sensitivity to definite key affect of high personal value.

[Psychosomatic reactions comorbid with ischemic heart disease: psychogenically provoked infarctions and myocardial ischemia].

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) with psychogenic provoked myocardial infarctions (MI) and myocardial ischemic disease (MID) is considered as a psychosomatic disorder. Seventy patients, 17 female and 53 male, aged between 39-77 years, mean age 61.2 +/- 9.

[Relationship between the cyclic nucleotide content of blood plasma and the clinical course of chronic alcoholism].

In patients with chronic alcoholism out of abstinence the plasma cAMP concentration was shown to decrease and that of cGMP to increase, cAMP/cGMP ratio was 1.8 in contrast to control value of 4.2.

[Phospholipid characteristics of the HDLP2 and HDLP3 composition in dysalphalipoproteinemia].

There has been determined the phospholipid composition in HDLP2 and HDLP3 obtained from the blood plasma of males with different cholesterol (CS) level of HDLP. An increase in CS of HDLP is shown to be associated with the increase in a percentage of phosphatidylcholine, a proportion of phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin and a reduction of the percentage of sphingomyelin (mainly in HDLP2) and to a lesser extent--in HDLP3. A direct correlation has been established between the level of CS of HDLP obtained from the blood plasma of males living in 3 different geographical zones of the USSR and the indices of the phospholipid composition of HDLP2.

[Effect of hyperalphalipoproteinemia on structural characteristics of plasma lipoproteins according to electron paramagnetic resonance spin probe findings].

Spin probe, a stearic acid derivative, was used to study the structural features of different lipoproteins (LP) from plasma of subjects with different plasma level of high density LP (HDLP). Access of spin probe located in the internal nonpolar regions of HDLP for the reducer, ascorbic acid, was higher in hyperalphalipoproteinemia than in mean values of HDLP cholesterol concentration. An analogous effect was seen in subjects with LP of very low density.

[Collagen metabolism indices, and plasma concentrations of lipids, cyclic 3',5'-AMP, and certain hormones in 40-59-year-old men].

Concentrations of protein-bound hydroxyprolin, free hydroxyproline, cholesterol, alpha-cholesterol, triglycerides, testosterone, estradiol, insuline and 3',5'-cAMP were estimated in blood plasma of 40-59 years old men. The persons thus examined were divided into three groups depending on the content of protein-bound hydroxyproline. Only in blood plasma of persons with low concentration of the protein-bound hydroxyproline a direct correlation was found between cAMP and testosterone, cAMP and alpha-cholesterol, between cAMP and the ratio of the cholesterol from atherogenous lipoproteins to the cholesterol from alpha-lipoproteins, as well as reciprocal correlation--between cAMP and insulin.

[Structural characteristics of plasma lipoproteins studied with spin-labelled fatty acids].

As shown by means of electrone paramagnetic resonance of spin probes, a magnitude of ordering of lipoprotein molecular arrangement both internal and external parts of molecule was decreased in a following sequence: high density lipoproteins greater than low density greater than very low density lipoproteins. Permeability towards a reducing agent - ascorbic acid - was altered similarly in the lipoprotein surface monolayer.

[Lipid peroxides and atherosclerosis. The enzymatic detoxication of lipid peroxides in the blood in ischemic heart disease due to coronary artery arteriosclerosis].

It was established that in blood of patients with ischemic heart disease due to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries (the diagnosis was verified in selective coronaroangiography) the content of acylhydroperoxides grows while the activity of glutathione-peroxidase II decreases. In blood of patients with no damage to the coronary vessels (according to the results of angiography), glutathione-peroxidase II activity does not differ significantly from the values in the control group. The decrease of glutathione-peroxidase II activity was most marked in patients with ischemic heart disease and hypercholesterolemia.

[Changes in the quality of hormones in blood plasma and ischemic heart disease risk factors in 40--59-year-old men].

Testosterone, estradiol, hydrocortisone, total cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol of alpha-lipoproteins (alpha-CS) were estimated in blood plasma of 124 40--59 years old men examined in the course of an epidemyolodical study (representative selection). Content of insulin was estimated in 112 persons and of growth hormone--in 102 persons. Disbalance of steroid hormones (decrease in alpha-CS) was observed in men with one factor of risk of heart ischemic impairment.

[Thrombocyte aggregating capacity in ischemic heart disease caused by coronary arteriosclerosis].

A distinct increase in the aggregative property of blood platelets, displayed by an increased degree of aggregation and enlargement of the platelet aggregates, was revealed in patients with ischemic disease of the heart. The more severe the atherosclerotic process in the coronary arteries (according to the findings of selective coronarography), the more is the aggregative property of platelets intensified. The stimulating effect of smoking on platelet aggregation was also established.

[Spin label study of plasma lipoproteins].

Lipoprotein structure was studied by means of EPR-spectroscopy of spin probes--iminoxyl derivatives of stearic acid and of androstane--in blood plasma of 40-59 years old men. The mode of wrapping of external monolayer of lipoprotein particles, the type of their intermolecular interactions were similar to corresponding characteristics of bilayer in biological and model membranes. Correlation was observed between concentration of separate lipoproteins in blood plasma and the structural parameters of the probe distribution in hydrophobic and polar regions of the lipoprotein preparations.

[New approaches to the evaluation of the cholesterol content of plasma lipoprotein fractions in normo- and hyperlipoproteinemias].

The examination of 1073 males ranging in age from 40 to 59 living in Moscow and Leningrad, and of 146 patients with ischemic heart disease showed a decrease in the alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol level and an increase in the cholesterol content of atherogenic fractions (beta- and pre-beta-lipoproteins) in individuals with ischemic heart disease in the absence of hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). In combination of ischemic heart disease with hyperlipoproteinemia these changes are pronounced to a larger degree. From the analysis of the results of the studies it is suggested that the coefficient (see article) is determined to reveal disorders in lipoprotein metabolism particularly in the absence of hyperlipoproteinemia.

[Study of low density lipoproteins in hyperlipoproteinemia by the method of double immunodiffusion].

By way of gel double immunodiffusion a certain heterogeneity of low density lipoproteins was observed to manifest itself in an additional band of immunoprecipitation. The incidence of this additional band does not exceed 1/3 of the cases of low density lipoproteins studies in normal individuals, while in those with ischaemic heart disease the additional band is found twice-thrice as often, the highest incidence being noted in patients with ischaemic heart disease and Type IIb hyperlipoproteinemia (93% of cases). The revealed immunochemical heterogeneity of low density lipoproteins was shown to be not connected with the appearance of any new, additional antigen in their structure.

[Free hydroxyproline content of the blood serum in patients with coronary arteriosclerosis].

In 47 patients with atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries the concentration of the blood serum free oxyproline was up by comparison with the normal figure and it depended not so much on the stage of the disease, but rather upon the character of hyperlipoproteinemia. A higher oxyproline concentration was revealed in the blood serum of patients presenting the IIb and IV types of hyperlipoproteinemia. The results of experimental investigations suggest that the activation of the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in patients with atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries results in a more intensive catabolism of the vascular wall collagen and in attending it rise of the blood serum free oxyproline concentration.