An adolescent male with persistent urinary symptoms.

An 11-year-old male child who presented with increased frequency of urination, thirst and feeling of incomplete void was initially diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) based on elevated blood sugar. Polyuria and polydipsia were confirmed even after normalisation of blood sugar. A standardised water deprivation test showed presence of central diabetes insipidus (DI) and patient was started on desmopressin.

Novel CRISPR/Cas technology in the realm of algal bloom biomonitoring: Recent trends and future perspectives.

In conjunction with global climate change, progressive ocean warming, and acclivity in pollution and anthropogenic eutrophication, the incidence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) and cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) continue to expand in distribution, frequency, and magnitude. Algal bloom-related toxins have been implicated in human health disorders and ecological dysfunction and are detrimental to the national and global economy. Biomonitoring programs based on traditional monitoring protocols were characterised by some limitations that can be efficiently overdone using the CRISPR/Cas technology.

Mangiferin: the miraculous xanthone with diverse pharmacological properties.

Mangiferin (1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) oxan-2-yl] xanthen-9-one) is a bioactive component derived primarily from the mango tree. Belonging to the Xanthone family, its structure allows it to engage with a variety of pharmacological targets. The symmetric linked core of xanthones has a heterogeneous biogenetic background.

Biotechnological and endophytic-mediated production of centellosides in Centella asiatica.

In vitro culture of a plant cell, tissue and organ is a marvellous, eco-friendly biotechnological strategy for the production of phytochemicals. With the emergence of recent biotechnological tools, genetic engineering is now widely practiced enhancing the quality and quantity of plant metabolites. Triterpenoid saponins especially asiaticoside and madecassoside of Centella asiatica (L.

Dynamics of the alkyne → copper(I) interaction and its use in a heteroleptic four-component catalytic rotor.

The HETPYNE (HETeroleptic Phenanthroline and alkYNE metal) and DABCO·(zinc porphyrin) interactions were used to assemble the four-component nanorotor ROT-1 that exhibited a highly dynamic alkyne → copper(I) dissociation ( = 240 kHz) at 298 K. Quantitative click reaction transformed ROT-1 into the new rotor ROT-2 ( = 77 kHz) with a triazole → copper(I) linkage thus opening perspectives for bioorthogonal click strategies to biohybrid machinery.

Piper longum L.: A comprehensive review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and health-promoting activities.

Piper longum (family Piperaceae), commonly known as "long-pepper" or "Pippali" grows as a perennial shrub or as an herbaceous vine. It is native to the Indo-Malaya region and widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical world including the Indian subcontinent, Sri Lanka, Middle-East, and America. The fruits are mostly used as culinary spice and preservatives and are also a potent remedy in various traditional medicinal systems against bronchitis, cough, cold, snakebite, and scorpion-sting and are also used as a contraceptive.

Betelvine (Piper betle L.): A comprehensive insight into its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological, biomedical and therapeutic attributes.

Piper betle L. (synonym: Piper betel Blanco), or betel vine, an economically and medicinally important cash crop, belongs to the family Piperaceae, often known as the green gold. The plant can be found all over the world and is cultivatedprimarily in South East Asian countries for its beautiful glossy heart-shaped leaves, which are chewed or consumed as betelquidand widely used in Chinese and Indian folk medicine, as carminative, stimulant,astringent, against parasitic worms, conjunctivitis, rheumatism, wound, etc.

The effects of extended feeding of florfenicol coated medicated diets on the safety, serum biomarkers and blood cells morphology of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.).

Tilapia is one of the most consumed farmed fish, which requires the use of antibiotics in certain phases of its production. This study assessed the safety of 30 days of oral florfenicol (FFC) dosing at 0-10 times the therapeutic dose (1 × : 10 mg/kg biomass/day) in Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Behavioural changes, feed consumption, mortality and biomass were evaluated.

Anticancer Applications and Pharmacological Properties of Piperidine and Piperine: A Comprehensive Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.

Piperine and piperidine are the two major alkaloids extracted from black pepper (); piperidine is a heterocyclic moiety that has the molecular formula (CH)NH. Over the years, many therapeutic properties including anticancer potential of these two compounds have been observed. Piperine has therapeutic potential against cancers such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, gliomal cancer, lung cancer, oral squamous, chronic pancreatitis, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia.

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects.

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae) has been used as a traditional Rasayana herb for a long time. Traditional uses of this plant indicate its ameliorative properties against a plethora of human medical conditions, viz.

Advancing urban ethnopharmacology: a modern concept of sustainability, conservation and cross-cultural adaptations of medicinal plant lore in the urban environment.

The discipline 'urban ethnopharmacology' emerged as a collection of traditional knowledge, ancient civilizations, history and folklore being circulated since generations, usage of botanical products, palaeobotany and agronomy. Non-traditional botanical knowledge increases the availability of healthcare and other essential products to the underprivileged masses. Intercultural medicine essentially involves 'practices in healthcare that bridge indigenous medicine and western medicine, where both are considered as complementary'.

Dynamics of Hydrogen Bonding in Three-Component Nanorotors.

The dynamics of hydrogen bonding do not only play an important role in many biochemical processes but also in Nature's multicomponent machines. Here, a three-component nanorotor is presented where both the self-assembly and rotational dynamics are guided by hydrogen bonding. In the rate-limiting step of the rotational exchange, two phenolic O-H-N,N hydrogen bonds are cleaved, a process that was followed by variable-temperature H NMR spectroscopy.

Allosteric regulation of rotational, optical and catalytic properties within multicomponent machinery.

The reversible transformation of multicomponent nanorotors (ROT-1, k298 = 44 kHz or ROT-2, k298 = 61 kHz) to the "dimeric" supramolecular structures (DS-1 or DS-2, k298 = 0.60 kHz) was triggered by a stoichiometric chemical stimulus. Simple coordination changes at the central phenanthroline of the molecular device by altering metal ions (Cu+ → Zn2+) or stoichiometry (Cu+, 1 equiv.

Reversible Multicomponent AND Gate Triggered by Stoichiometric Chemical Pulses Commands the Self-Assembly and Actuation of Catalytic Machinery.

The present work demonstrates the operation of a reversible supramolecular gate, i.e., an ensemble of various components linked by chemical communication, which is triggered by stoichiometric chemical inputs and by obeying the AND truth table delivers a stoichiometric chemical signal.

Selective and reversible interconversion of nanosliders commanded by remote control via metal-ion signaling.

A multi-device network mainly consisting of two two-component nanosliders was formed by self-sorting of six components. Addition/removal of zinc(ii) ions reversibly reorganized the network by chemical signaling involving the translocation of copper(i) from a relay station followed by the selective disassembly/assembly of one of both multi-component devices. The thus liberated machine parts served to erect a three-component nanoslider alongside the other unchanged two-component nanoslider.

(Nano)mechanical Motion Triggered by Metal Coordination: from Functional Devices to Networked Multicomponent Catalytic Machinery.

A look at the elegance and efficiency of biological machines readily reveals that Nature masters the full gamut of chemical interactions to compose masterpieces of the living world. The present analysis singles out metal coordination for the actuation of nanomechanical motion. According to our analysis, metal coordination has a manifold of rewards, putting it primo loco in opportunities for putting nanomechanical systems into action: (i) its strength and dynamics can be properly modulated and fine-tuned by the choice of metal, redox state, and ligand(s), (ii) the high directionality of the interaction allows reliable design, and (iii) the emergence of novel self-sorting algorithms allows multiple of these interactions to be working in parallel.

Reversible Interconversion of a Static Metallosupramolecular Cage Assembly into a High-Speed Rotor: Stepless Adjustment of Rotational Exchange by Nucleophile Addition.

The self-assembled cage ROT-1 was prepared from the pyridine-terminated rotator 1, the phenanthroline-appended stator 2, DABCO, and copper(I) ions in a ratio of 1:1:1:4. This four-component assembly is held together by two pyridine→[Cu(phenAr)] as well as two DABCO→zinc porphyrin interactions (phenAr = 2,9-diarylphenanthroline) and does not show any motion on the NMR time scale ( k < 0.1 s, 298 K).

Machine Metathesis: Thermal and Catalyzed Exchange of Piston Rods in Multicomponent Nanorotor/Nanoslider Ensemble.

Three-component nanorotor R1 ( k = 80 kHz) and two-component slider-on-deck DS2 ( k = 440 kHz) were prepared from rotator S1 and stator [Cu(1)] and from S2 and deck D, respectively. Mixing of R1 with DS2 leads to clean metathesis, furnishing the slower nanodevices R2 ( k = 29.6 kHz) and DS1 ( k = 32.

Potent anti-proliferative activities of organochalcogenocyanates towards breast cancer.

The pharmacological importance, particularly the anti-cancer and chemopreventive potentials, of organochalcogen compounds has attracted wide research attention recently. Herein we describe the synthesis of a series of organochalcogenocyanates that have one or more selenocyanate or thiocyanate units in a single molecule. The anti-proliferative activity of these organochalcogenocyanates in different breast cancer cells shows that selenocyanates exhibit much higher anti-proliferative activities than thiocyanates in general.

Rotating Catalysts Are Superior: Suppressing Product Inhibition by Anchimeric Assistance in Four-Component Catalytic Machinery.

Three distinct four-component supramolecular nanorotors, prepared by varying the rotator's structure and keeping all other components constant, exhibit rotational frequencies that differ by almost 2 orders of magnitude. When the rotors were used as catalyst for two click reactions, the product yield correlated with the speed of the machine, e.g.

Influence of Rotator Design on the Speed of Self-Assembled Four-Component Nanorotors: Coordinative Versus Dispersive Interactions.

Four-component nanorotors are prepared by the self-assembly of stator [Cu(4)] with its four copper(I)-loaded phenanthroline stations and various rotators carrying one, two, or three pyridine terminals. The fourth component, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

Dietary ascorbic acid as a means to counter the stress of cypermethrin on the growth of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis.

Two months of experiments performed in outdoor vats in a 3 3 factorial design to evaluate the effects of three sublethal levels (0.0, 0.3 and 0.

Effects of cypermethrin on some biochemical parameters and its amelioration through dietary supplementation of ascorbic acid in freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis.

Static bioassays were made to evaluate efficiency of dietary supplementation of ascorbic acid to counter stress exerted by the pyrethroid pesticide, cypermethrin on freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Three levels, a control and two sub-lethal concentrations (0.3 and 0.