Overexpression of Phytoglobin1 in Rice Leads to Enhanced Nitrogen Use Efficiency via Modulation of Nitric Oxide.

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the byproducts of nitrogen metabolism. Excess amount of NO is scavenged by phytoglobins. The role of phytoglobin mediated NO homoeostasis in modulation of nitrate transporters was investigated using NO scavenger cPTIO, phytoglobin overexpressing rice and Arabidopsis.

The interplay between LHCSR and PSBS proteins provides photoprotection in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii pgr5 mutant under high light.

Cyclic electron transport (CET) is a vital alternative route that protects against photodamage and aids in energy production. This process depends on proton gradient regulation 5 (PGR5) and PGRL1-dependent pathways associated with CET. The exact roles of these proteins in photosystem I photochemistry under prolonged high light conditions are not fully understood.

Mild osmotic stress offers photoprotection in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under high light.

The exposure of autotrophs to high light intensities significantly impacts their photosynthetic performance. When combined with unpredictable climate changes, the lethality of these effects is exacerbated and, often surpassing the organisms' threshold for tolerance. In this regard, our study centres on examining the mitigating effects of mild osmotic stress induced by 2% Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in conjunction with high-light conditions, using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model system.

Quinazolinone-Hydrazine Cyanoacetamide Hybrids as Potent Multitarget-Directed Druggable Therapeutics against Alzheimer's Disease: Design, Synthesis, and Biochemical, In Silico, and Mechanistic Analyses.

The discovery of effective multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) against multifactorial Alzheimer's disease (AD) remnants has been focused in an incessant drug discovery pursuit. In this perception, the current study explores the rational design, synthesis, and evaluation of 26 quinazolinone-hydrazine cyanoacetamide hybrids , , and as MTDLs against AD. These new compounds were synthesized in four-step processes using simple phthalimide as the starting material without any major workup procedures and were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques.

11th International Conference on "Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability".

All aerobic life on Earth depends on oxygenic photosynthesis, occurring in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. This process can be divided into light reactions and carbon fixation. This special issue is a result of the International Conference on "Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability 2023," held in honor of Robert Blankenship, Győző Garab, Michael Grätzel, Norman Hüner, and Gunnar Öquist.

Plastid-expressed AdDjSKI enhances photosystem II stability, delays leaf senescence, and increases fruit yield in tomato plants under heat stress.

Heat stress substantially reduces tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growth and yield globally, thereby jeopardizing food security. DnaJ proteins, constituents of the heat shock protein system, protect cells from diverse environmental stresses as HSP-70 molecular co-chaperones. In this study, we demonstrated that AdDjSKI, a serine-rich DnaJ III protein induced by pathogens, plays an important role in stabilizing photosystem II (PSII) in response to heat stress.

Exploring LHCSR3 expression and its role in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under osmotic stress: Implications for non-photochemical quenching mechanism.

Plants have a protective mechanism called non-photochemical quenching to prevent damage caused by excessive sunlight. A critical component of this mechanism is energy-dependent quenching (qE). In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the protein expression called light-harvesting complex stress-related protein 3 (LHCSR3) is crucial for the qE mechanism.

Differential stability of bacterial photosynthetic apparatus of strain JA916 under alkaline and light environment.

In purple bacteria, photosynthesis is performed by densely packed pigment-protein complexes, including the light-harvesting complexes known as RC-LH1 and LH2, with carotenoids to assist in the functioning of photosynthesis. Most photosynthetic bacteria are exposed to various abiotic stresses such as light, temperature, alkalinity-acidity, and salinity. was discovered from the alkaline pond; here, we report the comparative study of the photosynthetic apparatus of in various light intensities in relation to its high pH tolerance ability.

International conference on "Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability-2023": in honor of Robert Blankenship, Győző Garab, Michael Grätzel, Norman Hüner and Gunnar Öquist.

The 11th International Photosynthesis Conference on Hydrogen Energy Research and Sustainability 2023 was organized in honor of Robert Blankenship, Győző Garab, Michael Grätzel, Norman Hüner, and Gunnar Öquist, in Istanbul, Türkiye at Bahçeşehir University Future Campus from 03 to 09 July 2023. It was jointly supported by the International Society of Photosynthesis Research (ISPR) and the International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE). In this article we provide brief details of the conference, its events, keynote speakers, and the scientific contribution of scientists honored at this conference.

Molecular interaction studies of P3CL on bovine serum albumin through biophysical approach.

In the fields of pharmacology and life sciences, it is essential to study how prescribed drugs interact with carrier proteins in human serum albumin. The current study has evaluated the binding properties of rhodanine derivative; (z)-2-(4-(5-((3-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)benzamido)acetic acid (P3CL) on bovine serum albumin (BSA) by biophysical approach. BSA is a homology model of Human serum albumin.

Deciphering the binding mechanism of gingerol molecules with plasma proteins: implications for drug delivery and therapeutic potential.

Ginger is a highly valued herb, renowned globally for its rich content of phenolic compounds. It has been traditionally used to treat various health conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, digestive issues, migraines, Alzheimer's disease, tumor reduction and chronic inflammation. Despite its potential medicinal applications, the therapeutic effectiveness of ginger is hindered by its limited availability and low plasma concentration levels.

Metabolomic response to high light from pgrl1 and pgr5 mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Chlamydomonas (C.) reinhardtii metabolomic changes in cyclic electron flow-dependent mutants are still unknown. Here, we used mass spectrometric analysis to monitor the changes in metabolite levels in wild-type, cyclic electron-deficient mutants pgrl1 and pgr5 grown under high-light stress.

High light-induced changes in whole-cell proteomic profile and its correlation with the organization of thylakoid super-complex in cyclic electron transport mutants of .

Light and nutrients are essential components of photosynthesis. Activating the signaling cascades is critical in starting adaptive processes in response to high light. In this study, we have used wild-type (WT), cyclic electron transport (CET) mutants like Proton Gradient Regulation (PGR) (), and to elucidate the actual role in regulation and assembly of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes under high light.

Photosynthetic efficiency and transcriptome analysis of under hypersaline: a retrograde signaling mechanism in the chloroplast.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of environmental salinity stress tolerance and acclimation strategies by photosynthetic organisms facilitates accelerating the genetic improvement of tolerant economically important crops. In this study, we have chosen the marine algae , a high-potential and unique organism that shows superior tolerance against abiotic stresses, especially hypersaline conditions. We have grown the cells in three different salt concentrations 1.

Development of quinazolinone and vanillin acrylamide hybrids as multi-target directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease and mechanistic insights into their binding with acetylcholinesterase.

In view of Multi-Target Directed Ligand (MTDL) approach in treating Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a series of novel quinazolinone and vanillin cyanoacetamide based acrylamide derivatives () were designed, synthesized, and assessed for their activity against a panel of selected AD targets including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), amyloid β protein (Aβ), and also 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and neuroprotective activities. Five of the target analogs , , , and showed elevated AChE inhibitory activity with IC values of 1.058 ± 0.

Long- and short-term acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to salinity in . The role of Stt7 protein kinase.

Salt stress triggers an Stt7-mediated LHCII-phosphorylation signaling mechanism similar to light-induced state transitions. However, phosphorylated LHCII, after detaching from PSII, does not attach to PSI but self-aggregates instead. Salt is a major stress factor in the growth of algae and plants.

Synthesis and anti-Alzheimer potential of novel α-amino phosphonate derivatives and probing their molecular interaction mechanism with acetylcholinesterase.

Pleiotropic interference may be a prerequisite for the efficient limitation of the progression of multi-factorial diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Concept of designing the single chemical entity acting on two or more targets of interest has potential advantage in AD therapy. In line with this, rational design and synthesis of frame work of hybrids bearing 2,3-disubstituted quinazolinone, vanillin and α-amino phosphonate scaffolds (5a─v) were carried out.

Elucidation of binding mechanism of rhodanine derivative P4OC on bovine serum albumin.

Rhodanine is an important scaffold in medicinal chemistry and it act as potent anticancer agent and other pharmacological effects. In pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics studies of the drug, the drug binding properties on serum protein is crucial for producing better drug. This study was designed to explore the binding interactions between the Rhodanine derivative (P4OC) on Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA).

Honoring two stalwarts of photosynthesis research: Eva-Mari Aro and Govindjee.

On behalf of the entire photosynthesis community, it is an honor, for us, to write about two very eminent scientists who were recently recognised with a Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society of Photosynthesis Research (ISPR) on August 5, 2022; this prestigious Award was given during the closing ceremony of the 18th International Congress on Photosynthesis Research in Dunedin, New Zealand. The awardees were: Professor Eva-Mari Aro (Finland) and Professor Emeritus Govindjee Govindjee (USA). One of the authors, Anjana Jajoo, is especially delighted to be a part of this tribute to professors Aro and Govindjee as she was lucky enough to have worked with both of them.

Reversible changes in structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus of pea (Pisum sativum) leaves under drought stress.

The effects of drought on photosynthesis have been extensively studied, whereas those on thylakoid organization are limited. We observed a significant decline in gas exchange parameters of pea (Pisum sativum) leaves under progressive drought stress. Chl a fluorescence kinetics revealed the reduction of photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS)II and PSI.

High light-induced changes in thylakoid supercomplexes organization from cyclic electron transport mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

The localization of carotenoids and macromolecular organization of thylakoid supercomplexes have not been reported yet in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii WT and cyclic electron transport mutants (pgrl1 and pgr5) under high light. Here, the various pigments, protein composition, and pigment-protein interactions were analyzed from the cells, thylakoids, and sucrose density gradient (SDG) fractions. Also, the supercomplexes of thylakoids were separated from BN-PAGE and SDG.

Temperature-induced reversible changes in photosynthesis efficiency and organization of thylakoid membranes from pea (Pisum sativum).

High temperature can induce a substantial adverse effect on plant photosynthesis. This study addressed the impact of moderately high temperature (35 °C) on photosynthetic efficiency and thylakoid membrane organization in Pisum sativum. The Chl a fluorescence curves showed a significant change, indicating a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency when pea plants were exposed to moderate high-temperature stress.

Chebulinic and chebulagic acid binding with serum proteins: biophysical and molecular docking approach.

Chebulinic acid (CHN) and chebulagic acid (CHG) have been known for centuries for their anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, HIV and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the interaction of these phytochemicals CHN/CHG, with the two major transport proteins for various drugs, human serum albumin (HSA) and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), was unraveled by using several spectroscopic techniques and computational methods. The binding of CHN/CHG quenches the HSA/AGP fluorescence intensities, and also these phytochemicals are bound strongly to HSA/AGP proteins.

Change in the photochemical and structural organization of thylakoids from pea (Pisum sativum) under salt stress.

Salt can induce adverse effects, primarily on the photosynthetic process, ultimately influencing plant productivity. Still, the impact of salt on the photosynthesis process in terms of supercomplexes organization of thylakoid structure and function is not understood in Pea (Pisum sativum). To understand the structure and function in the leaves and thylakoids under salt (NaCl) treatment, we used various biophysical and biochemical techniques like infrared gas analyzer, chlorophyll a fluorescence, circular dichroism, electron microscopy, blue native gels, and western blots.

Autophagy Induced Accumulation of Lipids in and of Under High Light.

is a potential microalga for lipid production. Autophagy-triggered lipid metabolism in microalgae has not being studied so far from a mutant of proton gradient regulation 1 like (PGRL1) and proton gradient regulation 5 (PGR5). In this study, cells (wild-type CC124 and cyclic electron transport dependant mutants and ) were grown photoheterotrophically in high light 500 μmol photons m s, where growth was retarded due to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS).