β-Caryophyllene attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in LPS induced acute lung injury by targeting ACE2/MasR and Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB axis.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is a clinical syndrome that can cause pulmonary edema, inflammation, oxidative stress, and immunological dysregulations. β-Caryophyllene (BCP), a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene, possesses a variety of pharmacological properties and has the potential to be a therapeutic agent. This study aimed to comprehend the effect of BCP on Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB and ACE2/MasR axis in a rat model of ALI by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the underlying mechanisms during this process.

Role of biomarkers and molecular signaling pathways in acute lung injury.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. When pathogens invade the lungs, the immune system responds by producing cytokines, chemokines, and interferons to promote the infiltration of phagocytic cells, which are essential for pathogen clearance. Their excess production causes an overactive immune response and a pathological hyper-inflammatory state, which leads to ALI.

ROCK Inhibitors as an Alternative Therapy for Corneal Grafting: A Systematic Review.

Currently, corneal blindness is affecting >10 million individuals worldwide, and there is a significant unmet medical need because only 1.5% of transplantation needs are met globally due to a lack of high-quality grafts. In light of this global health disaster, researchers are developing corneal substitutes that can resemble the human cornea and replace human donor tissue.

Tetramethylpyrazine contributes to the neuroprotection in a rodent epileptic model of pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling.

Objectives: In this study, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) was evaluated for its therapeutic potential as an alternative therapy for epileptogenesis and its associated comorbidities in rats.

Methods: The sub-convulsant dose of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (35 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was injected on alternative days to produce kindling for 32 days and observed for seizure score percent of kindled animals in each group. After kindling, the animals were evaluated in models of anxiety, memory and predictive of depression.

A prognostic study on the effect of post-traumatic stress disorder on cerebral ischaemia reperfusion-induced stroke.

Objectives: Previous studies have been established that persons who experienced a stroke are soon likely to develop several anxiety disorders. In which one of the major anxiety disorders is Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Yet, the likelihood of PTSD in conjunction with cerebral stroke has not been well described.