18F-FDG metabolic abnormalities precede perfusion and atrophic changes in diagnosis of early frontotemporal dementia: study from a tertiary care university hospital.

Objective: Diagnosis of early onset dementia is critical for initiating management. Although structural MRI is an established procedure for dementia evaluation, early cases may be missed. Neurodegenerative diseases lead to reductions in glucose consumption and grey matter volume loss.

Pictorial Essay: 18F FDG Brain PET-MR in Congenital Brain Anomalies Presenting With Seizures.

Brain development is a very complex process that starts within first 20 days of gestation. By the third week, prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain), and rhombencephalon (hindbrain) appear. Failure of brain development can occur at any level.

Diagnostic performance of simultaneous PET-MR versus PET-CT in oncology with an overview on clinical utility and referral pattern of PET-MR: a single institutional study.

Background: PET-Magnetic Resonance (PET-MR) imaging is an upcoming investigative modality with a few installations in Asia and only three in India. PET-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) is an established diagnostic cornerstone for oncological indications but with limited resolution for small lesions due to low soft-tissue contrast and additional radiation exposure.

Objective: Our primary objective was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of simultaneous PET-MR and PET-CT in lesion detection in oncological practice.

Incidental diagnosis of intestinal perforation on a Tc DTPA renogram.

Perforation of the bowel can be a life-threatening condition and is usually clinically diagnosed when a patient presents with such features as severe abdominal pain, tenderness, and tachycardia. Bowel perforation may be corroborated by various conventional imaging modalities, including X-ray, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Nuclear medicine imaging modalities seldom have a role to play in these settings.

F-FDG PET CT in cardiac device infections - A Case series.

With the increasing number of interventional cardiology procedures, the number of cardiac device infections (including pacemakers, prosthetic valves, coronary and aortic stents) have also increased. These infections can cause significant morbidity and can even lead to mortality if not managed promptly. If suspected clinically the first-line imaging modality is Trans-Thoracic Echocardiography, while Transesophageal Echocardiography is also used in selected cases.

18F-FDG PET imaging for treatment response assessment and management guidance in patients with skull base osteomyelitis.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of hybrid 18F-FDG PET for treatment response assessment and management guidance in patients with skull base osteomyelitis.

Materials And Methods: Retrospectively, 33 patients, with at least a baseline and follow-up PET (computed tomography/MRI) scan, were included. Parameters like standardized uptake value (SUV) max, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (initial, follow-up, percentage change) were analysed and outcomes based on 18F-FDG PET reports were classified into resolution (a), partial response (b), progression (c) and stable disease (d).

Role of F-FDG-PET/CT in an AML-M5a Subtype Patient with Rare Constellation of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis & Bilateral Multiple Breast Chloromas.

We report a treated case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M5a subtype) with monocytic differentiation (AMoL) presenting with fever and body pains. Initial F-FDG-PET/CT ( F-flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography) identified multiple lymph nodal, and marrow lesions. Biopsy confirmed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

Factors predicting remission in hyperthyroid patients after low-dose I-131 therapy: 20 years retrospective study from a tertiary care hospital.

Objective: To assess the therapeutic outcome and factors predicting remission in hyperthyroid patients treated with low-dose I-131 (radioactive iodine) from a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Methods: This 20-year single-institutional retrospective study was carried out on 3891 hyperthyroid adult patients. Only those patients with complete clinical records were audited.

Are Semiquantitative Methods Superior to Deauville Scoring in the Monitoring Therapy Response for Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Tailoring treatment in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is paramount to maximize outcomes while avoiding unnecessary toxicity. We aimed to compare the performance of SUV reduction (ΔSUV) and the PET ratio (rPET) versus the Deauville score (DS) for assessing the chemotherapy response in pediatric HL patients undergoing F-FDG PET-CT. Fifty-two patients with biopsy-proven HL (aged 8-16 years) were enrolled at baseline, interim (after the second or third chemotherapy round) and post-therapy (on completion of first-line chemotherapy).

Utility of Fluorine-18-Labeled Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Erdheim-Chester Disease with Multisystemic Involvement.

Erdheim‒Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans' cell histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown origin with multisystemic predilection. It commonly affects adults in the fifth-seventh decades of life, with male preponderance, and has nonspecific clinical manifestations. Presence of characteristic radiological findings and demonstration of CD68 positive xanthogranulomatous infiltrates in histology clinches the diagnosis.

Atypical Presentation of Marginal Zone Lymphoma as Isolated Diffuse Bone Marrow Involvement: Utility of F-18 FDG PET/CT in Diagnosis and Response Assessment.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with secondary bone marrow involvement is relatively common. However, isolated involvement of bone marrow in marginal zone type of NHL is atypical and rare. Here, we describe a patient of atypical marginal zone lymphoma with isolated bone marrow involvement who presented with weight loss and bicytopenia, where F-18 FDG PET/CT (fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography) imaging played a pivotal role in establishing the diagnosis when conventional imaging modalities were unremarkable.

F-FDG Whole-Body PET-MR in Primary Hepatic Lymphoma Mimicking Focal Nodular Hyperplasia.

Primary hepatic lymphomas are rare hepatic malignancies which are often misdiagnosed preoperatively. Early accurate diagnosis is essential as the patients can be treated successfully with chemotherapy, eluding the need for surgery. We present a case of primary hepatic lymphoma which mimicked as focal nodular hyperplasia with normal biochemical tumor markers, and F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( F-FDG) whole-body positron emission magnetic resonance showed intense FDG uptake in the large hepatic lesion.

Recurrent Intra Articular Osteochondroma of Left 4 Finger.

Osteochondromas are common benign bone tumors arising from metaphyseal region of long bones. They are notorious for undergoing malignant transformation. We present a case of a middle aged woman with recurrent episodes of swelling in the middle of left 4th finger post excision.

Early Demonstration of Spontaneous Perinodal Lymphangiogenesis by Lymphoscintigraphy after Vascularized Lymph Node Transplantation - A Pilot Study.

Background: Despite the lymphatic system being so important and extensive, the field of lymphatic diseases, research is still very young. Lymphedema is a progressively debilitating condition with no known "cure." Specific pathologies that could benefit from improved lymphatic drainage by advanced super surgical techniques or engineered tissue transfer are being sought.

Extrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma on F FDG PET CT.

Background: To determine locations, relative frequencies, imaging features, and pattern of distribution of extrahepatic metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) PET CT.

Methods: FDG PET CT scans of 224 consecutive patients of HCC acquired between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. Fifty-six patients detected with extrahepatic metastasis on FDG PET CT were retrospectively analyzed.

Asymptomatic Large Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Masquerading as a Metastatic Deposit in a Patient with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Adult cases of congenital arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the mediastinum are extremely rare, and because of their varied clinical presentations, they pose a diagnostic challenge. There is no reported association of pulmonary AVM and papillary thyroid carcinoma. We describe a 38-year-old female with a large right lung AVM, multinodular goiter, and high serum thyroglobulin (Tg) with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Precision Radiotherapy: F-FDG PET-based radiotherapy planning in Head and Neck cancers.

Precision medicine is gaining importance in this era of molecular imaging where the molecular features of a disease can be noninvasively assessed and treated with personalized medicine. This is especially suited for head and neck cancers (HNCa). Early stage HNCa are ideally managed with radiotherapy (RT) or surgery.

Predictive value of sentinel lymph node imaging and biopsy in early cervical cancers: correlation with scintigraphic uptake patterns and histology.

Aim: This study was designed to 1) assess the feasibility, standardization of sentinel lymph node imaging (SLNI) and biopsy in early cervical cancers and also to determine the detection rates. 2) To analyze the SLN uptake pattern and correlate the findings with the histological grades of tumor.

Materials And Methods: 52 early cervical cancer patients underwent same-day Tc sulfur colloid (filtered) SLNI and biopsy with gamma probing.

Gamma Probe-Guided Surgery in Postoperative Recurrent Osteoid Osteoma of Left Index Finger.

Osteoid osteomas are painful benign osteoblastic tumors that usually affect the metaphysis or diaphysis of long bones. Hands are rarely involved. Identification of recurrent lesion by anatomical imaging modalities is a challenge especially in postoperative setting.

Does myocardial viability detection improve using a novel combined 99mTc sestamibi infusion and low dose dobutamine infusion in high risk ischemic cardiomyopathy patients?

Objective: Early identification of viable myocardium in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients is essential for early intervention and better clinical outcome. 99mTechnetium (99mTc) sestamibi gated myocardial perfusion imaging (gMPI) is a well-established technique for myocardial viability evaluation. Detection of potentially viable segments is a predictor of hibernating myocardium.

Dual Thyroid Ectopia and Heterotopic Thyroid Autotransplantation.

Ectopic thyroid gland can be detected at any age. It is a developmental defect that results from abnormal migration of the primitive thyroid bud. Dual ectopia is very rare, and only a few cases have been reported in literature.

In the evaluation of patients with skull base osteomyelitis, does 18F-FDG PET CT have a role?

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of regional fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in patients with skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) and to compare with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) whenever available.

Materials And Methods: A total of 77 patients (male:female = 56:21; mean age 66.4 ± 9.

In primary lymph nodal staging of patients with high-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, how critical is the role of Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography?

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography (Ga-PSMA PET-CT) in primary lymphnodal staging of patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk prostate cancer and to compare it with multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) whenever available.

Materials And Methods: Ga-PSMA PET-CT scans of 51 patients (average age 66.0 ± 7.