Functions of Differentially Regulated miRNAs in Breast Cancer Progression: Potential Markers for Early Detection and Candidates for Therapy.

Breast cancer remains a major global health concern, emphasizing the need for reliable biomarkers to enhance early detection and therapeutic interventions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNA (~22 nt in length) molecules, which are aberrantly expressed in cancer and seem to influence tumor behavior and progression. Specific miRNA dysregulation has been associated with breast cancer initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.

Non-fatal outcomes of COVID-19 disease in pediatric organ transplantation associates with down-regulation of senescence pathways.

This is a cross-sectional study examining kinetics and durability of immune response in children with solid organ transplants (SOTs) who had COVID-19 disease between November 2020 through June 2022, who were followed for 60-days at a single transplant center. Blood was collected between 1-14 (acute infection), and 15-60 days of a positive PCR (convalescence). SOT children with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cryopreserved before 2019 were non-infected controls (ctrls).

Assessment of Soft Tissue, Airway Dimension and Hyoid Bone Position in Class II Patients Treated by PowerScope Class 2 Corrector.

Aim: This study aims to assess the changes in the soft tissue, pharyngeal airway dimensions, and hyoid bone position in patients treated with PowerScope Class 2 corrector to correct the skeletal Class II pattern.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted on a sample of 20 cases diagnosed with Class II malocclusion. The lateral cephalograms were taken before (T1) and after functional appliance therapy (T2) and were traced.

Design, synthesis and anticancer evaluation of novel arylhydrazones of active methylene compounds.

Nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptor, tropomyosin kinase receptor kinase type A (TrkA) is emerging as an important target for Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. TrkA is the cancer biomarker majorly involved in tumor invasion and migration into nearby normal tissue. However, currently, available Trk inhibitors exhibit many adverse effects in cancer patients, thus demanding a novel class of ligands to regulate Trk signaling.

A novel EGFR inhibitor, HNPMI, regulates apoptosis and oncogenesis by modulating BCL-2/BAX and p53 in colon cancer.

Background And Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most lethal disease, with high mortality due to its heterogeneity and chemo-resistance. Here, we have focused on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as an effective therapeutic target in CRC and studied the effects of polyphenols known to modulate several key signalling mechanisms including EGFR signalling, associated with anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties.

Experimental Approach: Using ligand- and structure-based cheminformatics, we developed three potent, selective alkylaminophenols, 2-[(3,4-dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)(p-tolyl)methyl]phenol (THTMP), 2-[(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-1-yl)(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]phenol (THMPP) and N-[2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl(4'-methylphenyl)methyl]indoline (HNPMI).

HERV1-env Induces Unfolded Protein Response Activation in Autoimmune Liver Disease: A Potential Mechanism for Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are not terminally differentiated but can acquire effector properties. Here we report an increased expression of human endogenous retrovirus 1 (HERV1-env) proteins in Tregs of patients with de novo autoimmune hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis, which induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. HERV1-env-triggered ER stress activates all three branches (IRE1, ATF6, and PERK) of the unfolded protein response (UPR).

Programmed cell death detection methods: a systematic review and a categorical comparison.

Programmed cell death is considered a key player in a variety of cellular processes that helps to regulate tissue growth, embryogenesis, cell turnover, immune response, and other biological processes. Among different types of cell death, apoptosis has been studied widely, especially in the field of cancer research to understand and analyse cellular mechanisms, and signaling pathways that control cell cycle arrest. Hallmarks of different types of cell death have been identified by following the patterns and events through microscopy.

Study on Dry Sliding Wear and Friction Behaviour of Al7068/SiN/BN Hybrid Composites.

Hybrid aluminium metal matrix composites have the potential to replace single reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites due to improved properties. Moreover, tribological performance is critical for these composites, as they have extensive application areas, such as the automotive, aerospace, marine and defence industries. The present work aims to establish the tribological characteristics of Al7068/SiN/BN hybrid metal matrix composites prepared by stir casting route and studied using a pin-on-disc apparatus under dry sliding conditions.

Targeting Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor 17 with T0 Ligand Impairs Glioblastoma Growth.

Glioblastoma, an invasive high-grade brain cancer, exhibits numerous treatment challenges. Amongst the current therapies, targeting functional receptors and active signaling pathways were found to be a potential approach for treating GBM. We exploited the role of endogenous expression of GPR17, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), with agonist GA-T0 in the survival and treatment of GBM.

Voriconazole Induced Ocular Surface Dysplasia - Report of Two Cases.

Purpose: To report ocular surface dysplasia induced by voriconazole treatment in two patients with recalcitrant fungal keratitis.

Methods: Observational study.

Results: - A 49 year old female who was a known case of fungal keratitis and treated with prolonged topical voriconazole therapy, underwent penetrating keratoplasty and the histopathological examination of corneal specimen showed multiple keratin pearls with dyskeratotic cells suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma.

Demystifying the mist: Sources of microbial bioload in dental aerosols.

The risk of transmitting airborne pathogens is an important consideration in dentistry and has acquired special significance in the context of recent respiratory disease epidemics. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to examine (1) what is currently known regarding the physics of aerosol creation, (2) the types of environmental contaminants generated by dental procedures, (3) the nature, quantity, and sources of microbiota in these contaminants and (4) the risk of disease transmission from patients to dental healthcare workers. Most dental procedures that use ultrasonics, handpieces, air-water syringes, and lasers generate sprays, a fraction of which are aerosolized.

Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of indole derivative, N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl (4'-methylphenyl) methyl) indoline in breast cancer cells.

Indoline derivatives functions as an inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with the anticancer potential against various cancers. We aim to investigate anti-breast cancer effects and mechanism of action of novel indoline derivatives. Molecular docking of seven indoline derivates with EGFR revealed, N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl (4'-methylphenyl) methyl) indoline (HNPMI) as the top lead compound.

Computational Analysis of miRNA and their Gene Targets Significantly Involved in Colorectal Cancer Progression.

Background: Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in women and the fourth most common cancer in men. Dysregulation of small non-coding miRNAs have been correlated with colon cancer progression. Since there are increasing reports of candidate miRNAs as potential biomarkers for CRC, this makes it important to explore common miRNA biomarkers for colon cancer.

Idaein chloride induced p53 dependent apoptosis in cervical cancer cells through inhibition of viral oncoproteins.

Host dependent expression of early HPV oncoproteins, E6 and E7 play central role in the formation of cervical carcinoma. Presently, we have shown that the cyanidin analog, idaein chloride treatment induced dose dependent apoptosis (IC50 = 2.579 μg/ml) in HPV positive - HeLa cells.

Oral administration of veratric acid, a constituent of vegetables and fruits, prevents cardiovascular remodelling in hypertensive rats: a functional evaluation.

In our previous studies, veratric acid (VA) shows beneficial effect on hypertension and its associated dyslipidaemia. In continuation, this study was designed to investigate the effect of VA, one of the major benzoic acid derivatives from vegetables and fruits, on cardiovascular remodelling in hypertensive rats, primarily assessed by functional studies using Langendorff isolated heart system and organ bath system. Hypertension was induced in male albino Wistar rats by oral administration of N ω -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) (40 mg/kg body weight (b.

Molecular-interaction and signaling profiles of AM3677, a novel covalent agonist selective for the cannabinoid 1 receptor.

The cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) is one of the most abundant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the central nervous system. CB1R involvement in multiple physiological processes, especially neurotransmitter release and synaptic function, has made this GPCR a prime drug discovery target, and pharmacological CB1R activation has been demonstrated to be a tenable therapeutic modality. Accordingly, the design and profiling of novel, drug-like CB1R modulators to inform the receptor's ligand-interaction landscape and molecular pharmacology constitute a prime contemporary research focus.

Assessment of current practice and barriers to antimicrobial prophylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Existing Australasian and international guidelines outline antibiotic and antifungal measures to prevent the development of treatment-related infection in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Practice patterns and rates of PD-related infection vary widely across renal units in Australia and New Zealand and are known to vary significantly from guideline recommendations, resulting in PD technique survival rates that are lower than those achieved in many other countries. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between current practice and PD-related infection outcomes and to identify the barriers and enablers to good clinical practice.

Biogenic-production of SnO2 nanoparticles and its cytotoxic effect against hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2).

In this paper, we have established for the first time, the terrific efficiency of aqueous extract of agricultural waste dried peel of sugar apple (Annona squamosa) in the rapid synthesis of stable SnO2 nanoparticles. In topical years, the deployment of secondary metabolites from plant extract has emerged as a novel technology for the synthesis of various nanoparticles. In this paper, we have studied the potential of SnO2 nanoparticles assembly using agricultural waste source for the first time.

N-Acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase inhibition increases colon N-palmitoylethanolamine levels and counteracts murine colitis.

N-Palmitoylethanolamine or palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an anti-inflammatory compound that was recently shown to exert peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α-dependent beneficial effects on colon inflammation. The actions of PEA are terminated following hydrolysis by 2 enzymes: fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), and the less-studied N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA). This study aims to investigate the effects of inhibiting the enzymes responsible for PEA hydrolysis in colon inflammation in order to propose a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).

Vanillic acid prevents the deregulation of lipid metabolism, endothelin 1 and up regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in nitric oxide deficient hypertensive rats.

Hypertension is one of the main factors causing cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of vanillic acid against nitric oxide deficient rats. Hypertension was induced in adult male albino rats of Wistar strain, weighing 180-220g, by oral administration of N(ω)-nitro-l arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) 40mg/kg in drinking water for 4 weeks.

Vanillic acid: a potential inhibitor of cardiac and aortic wall remodeling in l-NAME induced hypertension through upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of vanillic acid on blood pressure, cardiac marker enzymes, left ventricular function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) induced hypertension in male albino Wistar rats. In hypertensive rats, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, cardiac marker enzymes and organ weight were increased. Impaired left ventricular function and decreased aortic eNOS expression was also observed in hypertensive rats.

Biosynthetic trends and future aspects of bimetallic nanoparticles and its medicinal applications.

Recently, in all over the world, nanotechnology plays a major role in various applications. Most of the researchers focused their work on bimetallic nanoparticles due to their several modes or mechanisms of synthesis such as chemical, physical, and biosynthesis methods. These nanoparticles are of great interest due to their enormous applications and catalytic activities.

Overexpression of circulating miRNA-21 and miRNA-146a in plasma samples of breast cancer patients.

Breast cancer is the second most common malignant disease affecting Indian women and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are remarkably stable in blood, which makes them novel and promising biomarkers for cancer detection and diagnosis. In this study, we investigated whether expression levels of circulating specific miRNAs, such as microRNA-21 (miR-21) and microRNA-146a (miR-146a) could be used as potential biomarkers in plasma of breast cancer patients and healthy individuals.

Case series: management of immature permanent teeth with pulpal necrosis: a case series.

The management of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps has changed in recent years from apexification techniques to regenerative endodontic procedures, which enable apexogenesis with physiologic maturation of the roots. This regenerative technique lies squarely in the endodontist's scope of practice, but children presenting with necrotic immature incisors may pose behavior management problems that endodontists are untrained and unwilling to handle. Treatment of these immature permanent teeth provides an excellent opportunity for collaboration and shared patient management between pediatric dentists and endodontists that can yield optimal clinical outcomes.