Beta Spectral Power during Passive Listening in Preschool Children with Specific Language Impairment.

Introduction: Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties in different speech and language domains. Electrophysiological studies have documented that auditory processing in children with SLI is atypical and probably caused by delayed and abnormal auditory maturation. During the resting state, or different auditory tasks, children with SLI show low or high beta spectral power, which could be a clinical correlate for investigating brain rhythms.

Arterial Presumed Perinatal Ischemic Stroke: A Mini Review and Case Report of Cognitive and Speech-Language Profiles in a 5-Year-Old Girl.

Arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke is a type of perinatal stroke that emerges due to late or delayed diagnostics of perinatal or neonatal arterial ischemic stroke. It is usually recognized before one year of life due to hemiparesis. This injury may lead to cognitive, behavioral, or motor symptoms, and life-long neurodevelopmental disabilities.

Speech-language pathologists' professional stress level and factors affecting it in the Republic of Serbia.

Background: In the Republic of Serbia, to our knowledge, there has been no research dedicated to the professional stress faced by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Since speech therapy belongs to the helping professions, SLPs might experience professional stress.

Objective: To examine the levels of professional stress in SLPs concerning sociodemographic characteristics and terms of the workplace.

EEG Correlates of Cognitive Functions in a Child with ASD and White Matter Signal Abnormalities: A Case Report with Two-and-a-Half-Year Follow-Up.

This research aimed to examine the EEG correlates of different stimuli processing instances in a child with ASD and white matter signal abnormalities and to investigate their relationship to the results of behavioral tests. The prospective case study reports two and a half years of follow-up data from a child aged 38 to 66 months. Cognitive, speech-language, sensory, and EEG correlates of auditory-verbal and auditory-visual-verbal information processing were recorded during five test periods, and their mutual interrelation was analyzed.

Resting-state EEG alpha rhythm spectral power in children with specific language impairment: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study investigated EEG alpha rhythm spectral power in children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and compared it to typically developing children to better understand the electrophysiological characteristics of this disorder. Specifically, we explored resting-state EEG, because there are studies that point to it being linked to speech and language development.

Methods: EEG recordings of 30 children diagnosed with specific language impairment and 30 typically developing children, aged 4.

Comparing Anxiety Levels during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Mothers of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly burdened families, perhaps even more for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. This research aims to determine the anxiety levels in mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders (autism spectrum disorder and specific language impairment) and mothers of typically developed children. The cross-sectional study comprised 280 mothers from the period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia.

Importance of Early Intervention in Reducing Autistic Symptoms and Speech-Language Deficits in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The intervention focused on starting treatment at an early age to develop the child’s full potential, which is known as early intervention. Given that autistic symptoms and language deficits occur at an early age and affect other areas of development in children with autistic spectrum disorder, we wanted to examine if early intervention is more effective in the reduction in autistic symptoms and language deficits in children aged 36−47 months old when compared to children 48−60 months old. The sample consisted of 29 children diagnosed with ASD who were admitted for integrative therapy.

Maternal Anxiety and Its Associated Factors During the First and Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim: The COVID 19-pandemic affects people differently, while pregnant women are among the most sensitive populations. The data about maternal mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak are in some ways consistent but also country-specific.

Purpose: The study aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women's anxiety and identify its associated factors.

Maternal Distress during Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Underlying Mechanisms and Child's Developmental Outcomes-A Narrative Review.

Maternal mental health may be considered a determining factor influencing fetal and child development. An essential factor with potentially negative consequences for a child's psychophysiological development is the presence of maternal distress during pregnancy and the postpartum period. The review is organized and presented to explore and describe the effects of anxiety, stress, and depression in pregnancy and the postpartum period on adverse child developmental outcomes.

Electroen cephalography correlates of word and non-word listening in children with specific language impairment: An observational study20F0.

Auditory processing in children diagnosed with speech and language impairment (SLI) is atypical and characterized by reduced brain activation compared to typically developing (TD) children. In typical speech and language development processes, frontal, temporal, and posterior regions are engaged during single-word listening, while for non-word listening, it is highly unlikely that perceiving or speaking them is not followed by frequent neurones' activation enough to form stable network connections. This study aimed to investigate the electrophysiological cortical activity of alpha rhythm while listening words and non-words in children with SLI compared to TD children.

Can EEG Correlates Predict Treatment Efficacy in Children with Overlapping ASD and SLI Symptoms: A Case Report.

Evaluation of the rehabilitation efficacy may be an essential indicator of its further implementation and planning. The research aim is to examine whether the estimation of EEG correlates of auditory-verbal processing in a child with overlapping autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) symptoms may be a predictor of the treatment efficacy in conditions when behavioral tests do not show improvement during the time course. The prospective case report reports follow-up results in a child aged 36 to 66 months.

The Impact of Maternal Anxiety on Early Child Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Maternal prenatal anxiety is among important public health issues as it may affect child development. However, there are not enough studies to examine the impact of a mother's anxiety on the child's early development, especially up to 1 year. The present prospective cohort study aimed to examine whether maternal trait anxiety, perceived social support, and COVID-19 related fear impacted speech-language, sensory-motor, and socio-emotional development in 12 months old Serbian infants during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Neuroinflammation in Autism and Supplementation Based on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests and activities. The maternal status of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) regulates microglial activity and neuroinflammatory pathways during a child's brain development. In children with ASD, the metabolism of PUFA is thought to be deficient or abnormal, leading to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, increased oxidative stress and an imbalance in the formation and action of neurotransmitters.

The speech and language profile of a child with Turner Syndrome- a case study.

Background: Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects only females. It has specific cognitive characteristics, but speech and language data are scarce.

Methods And Procedures: Prospective case report; we report a girl aged seven's cognitive and speech and language profile.

Randomised controlled trial of integrated cognitive behavioural treatment and motivational enhancement for comorbid social anxiety and alcohol use disorders.

Objective: Alcohol use disorder and social anxiety disorder are interconnected disorders that commonly co-occur. We report the first trial to assess whether integrated treatment for social anxiety and alcohol use disorder comorbidity improves outcomes relative to standard alcohol-focussed treatment.

Method: Participants were recruited to a randomised controlled trial, and randomly allocated to one of two treatments, Integrated ( = 61) or Control (alcohol-focussed;  = 56).

Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery Pulsatility Index in No-Risk Pregnancies: Effects of Auditory Stimulation and Pregnancy Order.

Pulsatility index (PI) values in a fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) were compared in no-risk pregnancies to examine the differences related to auditory stimulation test and pregnancy order. The study included 196 women with no-risk pregnancies selected from the database of more than 1000 pregnant women divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 98 nulliparous women (C1 = 98) and Group 2 consisted of 98 parous women (C2 = 98).

Differences in speech and language abilities between children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and children with phenotypic features of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome but without microdeletion.

Background: 22q11.2DS is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans, usually associated with speech and language delay (SLD). Approximately 75% of children with 22q11.

Cognitive and electrophysiological characteristics of children with specific language impairment and subclinical epileptiform electroencephalogram.

The current study is a preliminary examination of cognitive profiles and cortical distribution of the spectral power of different electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms in children with specific language impairment and subclinical epileptiform discharges. Although a number of empirical studies point to higher incidence of abnormal EEGs in children with specific language impairment, only a few studies were found examining electrophysiological characteristics, such as locus of discharges and connections with cognitive functioning in this population of children. The sample included 12 children with specific language impairment (SLI) and abnormal EEG who underwent testing of cognitive functioning using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC).

Morphometric characteristics of cortical and trabecular bone in atrophic edentulous mandibles.

Objectives: Adaptations of the alveolar ridge after tooth loss have been well described. However, studies on the morphometric characteristics of cortical bone are rare; hence, this study of human atrophic edentulous mandibles was undertaken.

Material And Methods: Total cortical area, porosity, and thickness, and the percentage of cortical area in the complete mandibular area as well as in an area (height, 10 mm) starting at the most caudal point of the trabecular compartment and extending in the coronal direction were determined in 185 thin ground sections of edentulous mandibles (incisor region, 49; premolar region, 76; molar region, 60; 95 from females and 90 from males; mean age, 78.

Adaptive filter based two-probe noise suppression system for transient evoked otoacoustic emission detection.

Transient otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) is a method widely used in clinical practice for assessment of hearing quality. The main problem in TEOAE detection is its much lower level than the level of environmental and biological noise. While the environmental noise level can be controlled, the biological noise can be only reduced by appropriate signal processing.

[Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus--a diagnostic problem].

Introduction: Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) is a rare disease with etiology that has not been clearly defined up to now. This disease appears up to 10 times more frequently among women, than among men. It occurs at the age of 40-60.

[Characteristics of the Koebner phenomenon in patients with psoriasis vulgaris].

Introduction: Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis presents development of psoriatic lesions, after injury of uninvolved skin, which are identical in morphology with the previous trauma. The aim of this study was to establish the correlation of Koebner phenomenon with sex and age distribution, clinical variants of psoriasis vulgaris, age of onset and incidence in psoriasis among relatives of affected patients.

Material And Methods: Sixty patients, with severe clinical picture, participated in this study: 38 patients in acute flare of a chronic form; 10 with acute exanthematic form; 8 with a chronic stable form; 3 with psoriatic changes on palms and soles and one patient with psoriatic erythroderma.

[The Koebner phenomenon, a prognostic sign of PUVA therapy effectiveness in patients with psoriasis vulgaris--yes or no?].

Introduction: Former investigations of Koebner phenomenon had demonstrated its higher incidence in patients with severe generalized and/or unstable forms of psoriasis which expressed increased resistance to various treatment modalities. The aim of this study was to establish the correlation between the presence of Koebner phenomenon and the PUVA therapy effects, total number of PUVA treatments, total dose of UVA radiation and the duration of remission after PUVA therapy discontinuation.

Material And Methods: Sixty patients with severe clinical picture of psoriasis vulgaris, treated with PUVA therapy, were included in this research.