Community engagement in health promotion campaigns: A qualitative photo content analysis from vitalizing communities against NCD risk factors (V-CaN) field trial in rural central India.

Background: India faces a critical challenge with 5.8 million annual deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Maharashtra, where NCDs constitute 66% of the disease burden.

Role of central endpoint adjudication and challenges in trials on neonatal sepsis-a case of ProSPoNS trial.

Despite progress in reducing the infant mortality in India, the neonatal mortality decline has been slower, necessitating concerted efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goal-3. A promising strategy aiming to prevent neonatal sepsis in high-risk, vulnerable, low birth weight neonates through an innovative intervention includes probiotic supplementation. This article communicates the decision by the ProSPoNS trial investigators to establish a Central Endpoint Adjudication Committee (CEAC) as an addendum to the protocol published in Trials in 2021 for the purpose of clarifying the primary outcome.

Methodology for adapting a co-created early childhood development intervention and implementation strategies for use by frontline workers in India and Guatemala: a systematic application of the FRAME-IS framework.

There is little evidence on optimizing the effectiveness and implementation of evidence-based early childhood development (ECD) interventions when task-shifted to frontline workers. In this Methods Forum paper, we describe our adaptation of the International Guide for Monitoring Child Development (GMCD) for task-shifting to frontline workers in Guatemala and India. In 2021-2022, implementers, trainers, frontline workers, caregivers, and international GMCD experts collaborated to adapt the GMCD for a task shifted implementation by frontline workers.

Evaluating Maternal Health Services Within the Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child Health and Adolescents (RMNCH+A) Framework Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural India: A Comprehensive Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Background Around half of the pregnant women in India do not receive full antenatal care. During the year 2020, routine health services were further affected by COVID-19. This study was conducted to assess the effect of the pandemic on the delivery/utilization of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health, and adolescent (RMNCH+A) services.

Magnitude and determinants of psychological morbidities among pregnant women: Results from a pregnancy cohort in rural Central India.

Background: Psychological morbidities are one of the emerging global health problems. It affects a considerable number of ante-natal women leading to consequences during the postnatal period as well. We conducted this research to study the magnitude and determinants of psychological morbidities during pregnancy.

Compensation in Neonatal Clinical Trials: A Perspective.

Well conducted clinical trials are the mainstay for generating evidence on preferred treatments. In order to adequately protect the interests of the trial participants, the Central Licensing Authority of India has formulated guidelines to determine the quantum of compensation in cases of regulatory clinical trial related injury or death. However, these guidelines do not address the nuances of trials recruiting children aged under 16 years, within which, neonates are the most vulnerable population.

Effect of Inclusive Early Childhood Development (IECD) on Growth and Development of Children in the Rural Part of the Central India: A Cohort Study.

Objectives: To compare the difference between the growth and developmental status of the children who were residing in the area where Inclusive Early Childhood Development (IECD) project was being implemented and who had received interventions through trained Anganwadi workers (Frontline workers) under Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme with the children who had not received the Inclusive ECD project interventions.

Methods: It was a mixed method cohort study, nested in an ongoing project in a medical college in which Inclusive ECD was used as an intervention through International Guide for Monitoring Child Development (GMCD) which is a tool for both monitoring and assessment with the help of existing government structures and personnel such as Anganwadi workers, Anganwadi supervisors and their contact points with communities. A sample of 200 children was selected; 100 each from intervention group (IECD cohort) and comparison group (Usual care cohort) and were followed till the child became 2 y of age.

Vitalizing Community for Health Promotion Against Modifiable Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases (V-CaN) in Rural Central India: Protocol for a Hybrid Type II Implementation Effectiveness Trial.

Background: Low- and middle-income countries are facing the emerging burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Apart from loss of human lives and premature deaths, NCDs result in huge costs for treatment to individuals and the health system. Although NCDs develop in later life, the risk factors begin at an early age.

School Health Services in India: Status, Challenges and the Way Forward.

Schools provide a crucial platform for health and well-being interventions targeting children and adolescents. Early promotive and preventive initiatives are vital for enabling children and adolescents to reach their optimal potential, thereby adding to the country's social return-on-investment, creating a favourable demographic dividend. This review analyses the evolution of school health initiatives in India, including the current curriculum proposed under the Ayushman Bharat program.

Study protocol for economic evaluation of probiotic intervention for prevention of neonatal sepsis in 0-2-month old low-birth weight infants in India: the ProSPoNS trial.

Introduction: The ProSPoNS trial is a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the role of probiotics in prevention of neonatal sepsis. The present protocol describes the data and methodology for the cost utility of the probiotic intervention alongside the controlled trial.

Methods And Analysis: A societal perspective will be adopted in the economic evaluation.

Financial impact of oral cancer treatment on the households in rural India.

Background: Oral cancer ranks second and accounts for over 20% of all cancers reported in India. Like management of all other cancers, oral cancers bring a heavy financial burden to their families. This study analyzes the financial burden on families during the management of oral cancer at Kasturba Hospital, Sewagram, a government-aided tertiary health care facility in central India.

Evaluating the efficacy of a multistrain probiotic supplementation for prevention of neonatal sepsis in 0-2-month-old low birth weight infants in India-the "ProSPoNS" Study protocol for a phase III, multicentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Progress has been made in the reduction of under-five mortality in India; however, neonatal mortality is reducing at a slower rate. Efforts are required to bring down neonatal mortality in order to attain the Sustainable Development Goal-3. Prevention of sepsis among the high-risk, vulnerable low birth weight neonates by a newer intervention with probiotic supplementation is promising.

Perceived burden, causes and consequences of adolescent pregnancy in the rural Maharashtra: a cultural domain analysis.

Objectives: The existing level of the early age pregnancy necessitates in-depth discussions and study. The objective of this study is to explore the perception of rural population regarding adolescent pregnancy with reference to the perceived burden, causes and consequences.

Methods: A cross-sectional study through cultural domain analysis using free listing and participatory learning and action (PLA) tool of ten seed analysis was used for exploring the perceptions of the community.

How cancer of oral cavity affects the family caregivers? - A cross-sectional study in Wardha, India, using the Caregiver Quality of Life Index - Cancer questionnaire.

Introduction: Oral cancer is now a major public health problem in India. It does not only affect the patient, but also has a deep psychosocial impact on the family caregivers who are deeply involved with the cancer patient for nursing, timely medication, and consulting the doctor. Studies have found that the caregivers often suffer from depression, anxiety, and fear of losing their near and dear ones.

Qualitative Assessment of Life Skill Development of Adolescent Girls through Kishori Panchayat: An Adolescents for Health Action Model in Selected Villages of Rural Central India.

Background: The "Adolescents for Health Action model," Kishori Panchayat (KP) is an innovative approach for mobilizing and empowering adolescent girls by enhancing their life skills by participating in various community health activities, a platform for interaction with peer-groups, villagers, community leaders, and health-care providers.

Aim: The aim of the study is to follow-up the quantitative data regarding the effectiveness of KP in enhancing life skill education among adolescent girls who are members of KP compared to Non-KP girls.

Objectives: The main objectives are: (1) to study the knowledge and perceptions regarding life skills among adolescent girls (12-18 years) of KP and non-KP and (2) to identify features of KP and related contextual factors that contributed to the outcome.

Reflection and peer feedback for augmenting emotional intelligence among undergraduate students: A quasi-experimental study from a rural medical college in central India.

Background: Professionalism is the foundation of the doctor-patient relationship with emotional competency at its core. This competency is based on emotional intelligence (EI), contributing to effective work performance. As EI is reasonably new in health professions education in India, this study was conducted to assess the effect of reflection and peer feedback on EI scores among undergraduate medical students and explore facilitating and hindering factors for augmenting EI.

Understanding the Psychosocial Impact of Oral Cancer on the Family Caregivers and Their Coping up Mechanism: A Qualitative Study in Rural Wardha, Central India.

Background: A family caregiver is the one who provides care to their near and dear one who is suffering from some debilitating disease like oral cancer. Apart from providing physical care, they also provide emotional and financial support to their close relatives. They can be the patient's spouse, children, and siblings.

Outbreak investigation of cholera outbreak in a slum area of urban Wardha, India: An interventional epidemiological study.

Introduction: Cholera, though a preventable and treatable disease, is still regarded as an important public health problem in developing countries including India. Migration, unhygienic living conditions, overcrowding, open field defecation, and ignorance about the spread of disease are the major reasons for the occurrence of cholera in the slum areas. Cholera was detected in the stool sample of a 3-year-old child from a slum area of urban Wardha, which demanded an urgent outbreak investigation to be carried out before it progressed into an epidemic.

Epidemiology of confirmed coronary heart disease among population older than 60 years in rural central India-A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Three-fifths of total deaths in India are attributed to noncommunicable diseases, and coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the dominant causes. There are only few studies available in India to find confirmed CHD by pragmatic approach. This study aims to find prevalence of confirmed CHD and its risk factors in rural community of central India.

How Patients of Oral Cancer Cope Up with Impact of the Disease? A Qualitative Study in Central India.

Background: Oral cancer is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in India. The disease and side effects of different treatment modalities impart a negative physical and psychosocial impact on the patients. This study was designed to have a better understanding of patients concerns.

Nonalbuminuric chronic kidney disease: A dominant presentation in noncommunicable disease population of rural central India.

Background: India has largest number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypertension (HTN) is expected to double in next 25 years, which are common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The focus for prevention of end-stage renal disease has shifted to detection of the iceberg of DM and HTN and its adequate control. Prevalence studies of CKD in India rural community are lacking.

Role of probiotics VSL#3 in prevention of suspected sepsis in low birthweight infants in India: a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the effect of the probiotic VSL#3 in prevention of neonatal sepsis in low birthweight (LBW) infants.

Design: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Community setting in rural India.

More evidence on the impact of India's conditional cash transfer program, Janani Suraksha Yojana: quasi-experimental evaluation of the effects on childhood immunization and other reproductive and child health outcomes.

Background: In 2005, India established a conditional cash transfer program called Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), to increase institutional delivery and encourage the use of reproductive and child health-related services.

Objective: To assess the effect of maternal receipt of financial assistance from JSY on childhood immunizations, post-partum care, breastfeeding practices, and care-seeking behaviors.

Methods: We use data from the latest district-level household survey (2007-2008) to conduct a propensity score matching analysis with logistic regression.

Effect of improvement of pre-school education through Anganwadi center on intelligence and development quotient of children.

Objective: To find usefulness of a package of interventions to improve preschool education through Anganwadi centers on psychosocial development of children.

Methods: A case-control study was undertaken to evaluate an intervention. Eight Anganwadi centers were selected using simple random sampling out of sixteen Anganwadi centers in Talegaon PHC area where intervention was done.